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VERSION:2.0
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BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Driven non-equilibrium systems modeled with Markov processes
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T122000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6311@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Pelerine Tsobgni Pelerine (University of Stellenbosc
 h)\nI will present in this talk my research on how fluctuations arise in n
 onequilibrium systems modeled by Markov processes and how to construct eff
 ective dynamics associated with these fluctuations. \n\nTo discuss this\, 
 I will present two simple stochastic models:\n\n•    A particle on a rin
 g\, evolving with a driving force and the potential under the influence of
  a stochastic force. For this model I will look at the current fluctuation
 s observable.\n\n•    A stock market\, modeled as geometric Brownian mot
 ion\, where I will study the fluctuations of the occupation\, correspondin
 g to prices fluctuation.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributi
 ons/6311/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6311/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Precision molecular spectroscopy for astrophysics
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T131000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T140000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6312@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Christine Steenkamp (University of Stellenbosch)\nht
 tps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6312/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A203
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6312/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Novel techniques for optical metrology using structured light
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T140000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T145000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6313@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Carmelo Guzman ()\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/
 91/contributions/6313/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A203
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6313/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Precision time and frequency metrology with light
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T110000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T115000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6314@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Filippus Roux ()\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/9
 1/contributions/6314/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A203
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6314/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Generation of a gamma ray laser
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T115000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6315@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Simon Connell (University of Johannesburg)\nhttps://
 events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6315/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A203
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6315/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Biomedical detection using optical phenomena
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T085000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T094000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6317@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Robert Lieberman ()\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/even
 t/91/contributions/6317/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A203
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6317/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The development of a laser based 3D fingerprint acquisition device
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T070000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T073000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6318@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ameeth Sharma (CSIR)\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/eve
 nt/91/contributions/6318/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A203
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6318/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Biomedical Imaging with micro-fabricated optically pumped magnetom
 eters
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T073000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T082000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6319@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Svenja Knappe (University of Colorado)\nhttps://even
 ts.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6319/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A203
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6319/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Division Meeting
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T141000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T151000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6320@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Christo Venter (North-west University\, Potchefstroo
 m Campus)\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6320/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6320/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Women in physics
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T140000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6289@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: David Wolfe (UK Institute of Physics)\nhttps://event
 s.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6289/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6289/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Preparing for young physicists tournament
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6290@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Don Duffield (Parklands College)\nhttps://events.sai
 p.org.za/event/91/contributions/6290/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6290/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Entanglement and Gravity
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T132000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T134000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6245@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jonathan Hartman (University of Johannesburg)\nEntan
 glement in Quantum Mechanics leads to a non-local correlation between two 
 particles. The question arises as to whether changes in local gravity\, or
  the equivalently the local background metric affects the correlation. The
 re are several approaches to answering this question. This work discusses 
 the treatment of the background gravity by using the equivalence principle
  to map it to a local acceleration. On can then use the concept of Rindler
  frames to treat the problem in the context of special relativity for unif
 orm acceleration. A Thomas precession is shown to manifest for the particl
 e spins. The effect of this on the maximal violation of a Bell inequality 
 has been evaluated for a range of scenarios for systems of entangled parti
 cle pairs.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6245/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6245/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The MinPET diamond discovery technique
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T105000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T111000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6246@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Thendo Nemakhavhani (University of Johannesburg)\nMi
 nPET is a technology for diamond discovery in rock\, specifically\, the on
 line\, high throughput\, quantitative\, 3D imaging of local carbon concent
 ration distributions in kimberlite. In the MinPET process\, a high-energy 
 photon beam of some tens of MeV irradiates a kimberlite rock stream\, exci
 ting the Giant Dipole Resonance. This transmutes especially some of the li
 ght stable isotopes within the kimberlite to become transient positron emi
 tters\, or Positron Emission Tomography (PET) isotopes. PET imaging of the
  rock is performed in an online run-of-mine scenario after a hold hopper\,
  which delays detection for 20 minutes. After this time\, 11C is the domin
 ant PET isotope. All non-diamond sources of carbon have a much lower carbo
 n concentration than diamond\, or they are diluted and finely dispersed wi
 thin the kimberlite. Diamond is therefore evidenced by reconstructing the 
 3D quantitative carbon density distribution map. This talk reviews the cur
 rent status of the R&D towards a Mine Test Unit.\n\nhttps://events.saip.or
 g.za/event/91/contributions/6246/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6246/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Work-energy theorem
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T100000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T110000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6291@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mark Herbert (University of the Western Cape)\nhttps
 ://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6291/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6291/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Stability of transition metal nitrogen and boron defect complexes 
 in diamond
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6247@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Brian Nyandoro (University of South Africa)\nEnerget
 ic stability of transition metal ions in diamond holds the prospect of ach
 ieving a diamond based dilute magnetic semiconductor\, which\, in addition
  to diamond’s extreme properties may successfully be considered for spin
 tronic device applications. However\, the high formation energy of transit
 ion metal ions in diamond leads to low concentration of dopant ions\, whic
 h has a detrimental impact on the achievable Curie temperature. We investi
 gate the stability of 3d transition metal defect complexes of nitrogen (TM
 -N) and boron (TM-B) in diamond using ab initio GGA+U Density Functional T
 heory electronic structure calculations. Specifically we consider the form
 ation energies of these complexes for various charge states and lattice si
 tes\, in comparison with that of isolated single transition metal defects.
  We find that the formation of the TM-N\, TM-N complexes is significantly 
 lower by 4-4.5 eV\, compared to that of single transition metals in diamon
 d\, demonstrating that co-doping with shallow donors or acceptors will con
 siderably enhance the concentration and stability of transition metals in 
 diamond.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6247/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6247/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Growth & characterisation of diamond films in magnetron sputtering
  by spin coating
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6248@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: NP Chonco (University of Zululand)\nAbstract. There 
 is a growing necessity for materials to be used under extreme conditions. 
 Diamond is well known as an excellent material which has high hardness\, g
 ood thermal conductivity and chemical resistance. In this study\, we tried
  to grow diamond films on p-type silicon substrate and also on glass subst
 rates by using the method of spin coating. Diamond films were grown by dir
 ect current (DC) unbalanced magnetron sputtering. The physical and electri
 cal properties of diamond films were investigated by Scanning electron mic
 roscopy (SEM)\,thin films X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rutherford backscatt
 ering (RBS). The pressure was maintained at 3x10-3 Torr while bleeding C2H
 2 into the chamber.\nKeywords: Diamond films\, spin coating\, DC magnetron
  sputtering & CVD method\, surface morphology\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.z
 a/event/91/contributions/6248/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6248/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Resonant Ionisation Spectroscopy with Time-of-Flight mass detectio
 n
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6249@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Frederick Waso (Stellenbosch University)\nIn this pr
 oject we will develop a laboratory setup to do Resonant Ionisation Spectro
 scopy (RIS) of the non-radioactive isotopes of Tin (Sn). Using the RIS met
 hod a target element can be ionised and subsequently extracted by electric
  fields. This method is a critical step in the production of Radioactive I
 on Beams (RIBs) used in nuclear physics research\, for example at CERN ISO
 LDE\, or for medical applications\, for example at CERN MEDICIS.\nThe focu
 s of this presentation is on ion detection. An experimental setup will be 
 developed for laser ionisation and spectroscopy in a gas and a time-of-fli
 ght mass spectrometer (ToF-MS)  will be commissioned and tested for ion de
 tection. ToF-MS will be used to identify ionised species. The ToF-MS will 
 also be used to find an effective ionisation scheme for Sn that enhances s
 electivity and ion production. An atomic vapour of Sn is required and lase
 r ablation using a frequency doubled Nd:YAG laser has been chosen as the d
 esired method to vaporise the element. The Sn vapour will then be introduc
 ed into the ToF-MS as a supersonic jet.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/even
 t/91/contributions/6249/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6249/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Bayesian parameter estimation and model comparison for discrete da
 ta spectra
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6250@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Li Wang (Stellenbosch University)\nDiscrete random v
 ariables appear in many scientific fields. In physics\, laboratory experim
 ents often involve discrete counts of particles or photons e.g. in nuclear
  physics\, laser physics\, and experimental high energy physics. In other 
 cases\, data is compressed into integer form. Such counts of some quantity
  are measured in 'channels' such as angle\, wavelength\, multiplicity etc.
  Data will initially be generated by simulation to test the analytical fra
 mework and numerical strategies in the Bayesian theorem. At an advanced st
 age\, application to laboratory spectra becomes feasible with correspondin
 g physics insights\, advanced techniques such as nested sampling is includ
 ed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6250/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6250/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Structural evolution and ion diffusion of TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoshee
 t at different temperatures for anode material Li-ion batteries.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6252@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Blessing N Rikhotso (University of Limpopo)\nThe str
 uctural evolution of TiO2 nano-sheet is investigated by molecular dynamics
  code upon heating up to crystallization. The structural rearrangements du
 ring cooling and heating process are analysed as a function of temperature
 \, focusing on shift of the peaks in X-ray diffraction and radial distribu
 tion function. Diffusion Coefficients of Li are measured to be increasing 
 with an increase in temperature. The structure of TiO2 nano-sheet was main
 tained at elevated temperatures as observed on their micro-structure and X
 RD’s. Thus rendering suitable anode material for Li – ion batteries si
 nce it can withstand such temperatures.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/even
 t/91/contributions/6252/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6252/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Modelling Polarization by the Inverse Compton Scattering Process
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6321@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Baibhaw Singh (Indian Institute of Technology\,Khara
 gpur\,India)\nSynchrotron Radiation(SR) and Inverse Compton Scattering(ICS
 ) are the two prime processes which lead to X-Ray and Gamma Ray emission i
 n Gamma Ray Bursts and Active Galactic Nuclei. We focused on the ICS of re
 lativistic electrons on target photon fields and studied the polarization 
 of outgoing photons. We present the results by analyzing the cross section
  of the scattering process and the associated Stokes Parameters\, consider
 ing initially unpolarized photons with no preferred incoming direction. Th
 e calculations were done over the whole energy spectrum for both thermal a
 nd non-thermal distributions of electrons.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/e
 vent/91/contributions/6321/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6321/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Investigation of defects in sputter deposition deposited Schottky 
 barrier diodes on epitaxial GaAs by Laplace DLTS
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6254@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Fatemeh Taghizadeh (University of Pretoria)\nHigh re
 solution deep level transient spectroscopy (Laplace DLTS) was used to stud
 y Si doped n-type epitaxial GaAs. In this work\, we used Au as the target 
 material for the deposition of GaAs samples by sputtering deposition syste
 m. Three different doping densities of GaAs (1x1015 cm-3\, 1x1016 cm-3 and
  8x1016 cm-3) were deposited with 3 different powers 100 W\, 150 W and 200
  W for 10 minutes. From the Arrhenius plot\, we found 3 defects with defer
 ent energy levels (0.58 eV\, 0.50 eV and 0.31 eV). The Ec- 0.50 eV defect 
 is dopant dependent while the other two (0.58 eV and 0.31 eV) did not invo
 lve dopant atom. The Ec - 0.58 defect is bistable with the Ec - 0.31 eV de
 fect\, Under 0 V bias for 5 minutes\, the Ec - 0.31 eV transforms to Ec - 
 0.58 eV and by applying the reverse bias the Ec - 0.58 eV transforms to Ec
  - 0.31 eV. This transformation is completely reversible. These results ar
 e the same as the results achieved by inductivity coupled plasma etching o
 f GaAs [1]. The results from current-voltage measurements indicate that cu
 rrent reverse is a substantially higher compared to that of resistivity ev
 aporated Schottky diodes.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contribut
 ions/6254/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6254/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A modern approach to Thermodynamics practicals
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6255@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ross Dix-Peek (NMMU)\nIn the age of information and 
 automation systems\, students need to develop a skills set used in modern 
 laboratories and industry. Innovative practicals can add another dimension
  to the education process by the application of the learnt theory in a rea
 l-life situation. In this paper\, the utilization of skills sets commonly 
 used  at a postgraduate level are introduced to second year students to il
 lustrate real world applications. Concentrating on the thermodynamics modu
 le content\, students were introduced to the concepts of\; 1) 3D design an
 d modeling\, where accurate relative measurements and calculations with re
 gards to thermal expansion were conducted to build functional prototypes. 
 2) the use of custom-written LabVIEW programs for instrument control\, dat
 a acquisition\, digitization and visualization.  This was done by controll
 ing the boiling of water\, plotting measured values and calculating thermo
 dynamic properties such as rate of heating\, thermal capacity\, etc. 3) IR
  thermography by using a LabVIEW program\, FLIR one thermal camera coupled
  to a smartphone was used to visualize heat flow across an aluminum cylind
 er. Combining the images with the measure elapsed time and temperature dat
 a as a function of distance\, the heat flow rate was calculated. In additi
 on\, thermal imaging was illustrated for fault detection within circuitry 
 and photovoltaic devices. Other standard thermodynamics practicals associa
 ted with concepts such as heat engines and Cp/Cv were also conducted using
  computerized data acquisition and  analysed using Pasco’s CapstoneTM so
 ftware.  \nFrom these and other modernized practicals\, the students showe
 d an increased interest in continuing with Physics and also considering po
 stgraduate Physics studies.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contrib
 utions/6255/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6255/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Towards the Development of VCSEL-Based Time and Frequency Dissemin
 ation System using a DFB Phase Error Correction Actuator for the SKA
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T082000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6256@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Shukree Wassin (NMMU)\nThe Square Kilometre Array (S
 KA) will be an interferometric\, ultrasensitive radio astronomy instrument
  with an aperture array of one million square metres. The SKA telescope ar
 ray will be coherently connected using optical fibre across an area of app
 roximately 3000 km. A crucial and complex requirement for the SKA antenna 
 is the coherent combination of the incoming astronomical data collected by
  the individual receptors remotely located. With recent progress and impro
 vements made in atomic frequency standards\, optical fibre is an attractiv
 e medium for stable and highly accurate timing and frequency transfer betw
 een a centralized location and multiple end-users. Precise and accurate cl
 ock tones will be distributed via optical fibre to the digitizers located 
 on each antenna\, thereby providing phase coherence within the telescopes 
 array network.  Natural temporal variations and external environmental con
 ditions can affect the phase stability of the optical signal transmitted a
 long the fibre. For this reason\, an active fibre based time and frequency
  stabilization system is required. In this paper\, a 22 km fibre round tri
 p experiment described using a DBF phase correcting actuator. A 248.78 ps 
 phase correction is applied to a 2 GHz clock signal at the transmitting en
 d. Phase error correction to the distributed optical signal is achieved by
  exploiting the wavelength tunability of a distributed feedback (DFB) lase
 r. Our proposed system has potential application in big data projects such
  as the Square Kliometre Array and various other frequency dissemination a
 pplications. Such systems can be employed into metro-access telecommunicat
 ion networks.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6256/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6256/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Exotic searches with jet substructure at the LHC
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6297@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Debarati Roy (Postdoc at Wits)\nIncrease energy in L
 HC drives us to perform exotic searches in the kinematic regions unreachab
 le before. Being a hadron collider it is utterly important to explore the 
 LHC physics with the detailed understanding of the performance of jets\, d
 irect manifestations of hadrons as produced in significant number from pro
 ton proton interactions. It is most likely that newly reached higher energ
 y can result in such energetic (boosted) objects that decay further into p
 roducts collimated in a single large radius jet (fatjet) with some definit
 e structure (jet substructure). Jet substructure study describes the disti
 nctive nature of this type of jet (e.g. as observed from boosted top quark
 s)  from the jets coming out of partons (quarks and gluons) and is current
 ly used as one of the primary tools in extensive number of exotic searches
  of heavy particles decay in LHC. This contribution will briefly talked ab
 out some of the recent searches in LHC where jet substructure study plays 
 a significant role.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6
 297/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A404
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6297/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Application of Genetic Algorithm Parameter Optimisation on Current
 -Voltage data of multi-crystalline Silicon solar cells
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6257@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ross Dix-Peek (NMMU)\nThe models relating current an
 d voltage for a diode and other related devices contain many parameters an
 d the relations often contain multiple terms hindering explicit formulae f
 or specific parameters. Optimisation procedures are useful for fitting a m
 odel to a dataset. In this study a Genetic Algorithm (GA) is proposed as t
 he solution to the Parameter Optimisation (PO) of the models used to descr
 ibe a solar cell. In particular\, GAPO is applied to the current-voltage (
 I-V) relation of a multi-crystalline Si PV cell.  \n\n\nA GA is a type of 
 Evolutionary Algorithm based upon biological processes such as genetic cro
 ssover during sexual reproduction\, genetic mutation\, breeding pair selec
 tion\, and other such processes. GAs search the solution space with parall
 el proposed solutions\, increasing the probability of convergence to a glo
 bal minimum error for the parameters obtained for the applied model to the
  data. Alternatively\, more classical approaches\, such as the Gradient De
 scent parameter optimisation\, are prone to acquiring only local minima.  
 This paper addresses the application of GAPO in the parameter optimisation
  of a model applied (a multiple  diode model) to the dark I-V curve of a S
 i solar cell\, as well as the application of the technique on a model appl
 ied to (a hybrid model containing multiple diode terms to account for vari
 ous factors) Light Beam Induced Current (LBIC) measurements which is used 
 to spatially resolve device parameters of a Si solar cell.  The GAPO used 
 in this paper is constructed to ensure effective and relatively fast conve
 rgence to a global minimum while maintaining physically realisable values.
  \n\n\nKeywords: Genetic Algorithm\, parameter optimisation\, LBIC\n\nhttp
 s://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6257/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6257/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Identification of electrical breakdown sites in multi-crystalline 
 Si solar cells
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6258@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ross Dix-Peek (NMMU)\nDevice material quality effect
 s both the efficiency and the longevity of photovoltaic (PV) cells. Theref
 ore\, identifying  defects can be beneficial in the development of more ef
 ficient and longer lasting PV cells. In this study\, a combination of spat
 ially-resolved\, non-destructive techniques\, including\; electroluminesce
 nce (EL)\, infrared (IR) thermography and light beam induced current (LBIC
 ) measurements\, were used to locate and classify junction breakdown defec
 ts and features in multi-crystalline Si PV cells. The focus of this study 
 is the identification of sites of junction breakdown in the PV cells under
  reverse bias using both Reverse Bias EL (ReBEL) and reverse bias IR therm
 ography.  The understanding of the behaviour of junction breakdown is impo
 rtant when characterising failures that result when cells operate in the b
 ias regime when severely mismatched.  This type of breakdown can have detr
 imental effects in PV plants and the performance of an entire 20-module st
 ring can be negatively impacted by a single cell that is mismatched and he
 nce operating in its reverse bias regime.  \n\nKeywords: EL\, IR thermogra
 phy\, LBIC\, junction breakdown. PV cell\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/eve
 nt/91/contributions/6258/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6258/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Investigation of magnetic\, morphological\, structural\, stability
  and optical properties of Ce3+ and Cu2+ co-doping in ZnO.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6259@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: WINFRED MUENI MULWA (UNIVERSITY OF THE FREE STATE PR
 IVATE BAG X13 PHUTHADITJHABA\, 9866)\nKey words: Semiconductors\, Electron
 ic structure\, Magnetic Properties\, Optical properties\nAbstract:  Ce3+\,
  Cu2+ co-doped ZnO (Zn1_2xCexCux    O: x¼0.00\, 0.01\, 0.02\, 0.03\, 0.04
  and 0.05) nanocrystals were synthesized by the use of sol-gel technique. 
 These nanocrystals were investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD)\, UV
 –visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS)\, scanning electron micr
 oscopy (SEM)\, High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM) a
 nd selected area electron diffraction (SAED). The stability and magnetic p
 roperties of Ce3+ and Cu2+ co-doped ZnO were probed by first principle cal
 culations. XRD results revealed that all the compositions are single cryst
 alline\, hexagonal wurtzite structure. The optical band gap of pure ZnO wa
 s found to be 3.22 eV\, which was in agreement with other experimental fin
 dings [1\, 2] and it decreased from 3.22 to 3.10 eV with an increase in th
 e concentration of Cu2+ and Ce3+ content. The morphologies of Ce3+ and Cu2
 + co-doped ZnO samples confirmed the formation of nanocrystals with an ave
 rage grain size ranging from 70 to 150 nm. The ab initio magnetization cal
 culations results affirmed the antiferro and ferromagnetic state for Ce3+ 
 and Cu2+ co-doped ZnO structure. \nReference:     [1] J.F. Chang\, W.C. Li
 n\, M.H. Hon\, Appl. Surf. Sci. 183 (2001) 18.\n                       [2]
  I. Djerdj\, Z. Jaglicic\, D. Arconde\, M. Niederberger\, \, Nanoscale 2 (
 2010) 1096.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6259/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6259/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Mechanical properties and temperature dependence of B19Ti<sub>50-x
 </sub>Zr<sub>x</sub> Pt<sub>50</sub> shape memory alloys
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6260@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mordecai Mashamaite (Materials Modeling Centre)\nA m
 olecular dynamic study of Ti50-x Zrx Pt50 as potential high temperature sh
 ape memory alloy has been performed using the LAMMPS code. The lattice dyn
 amics\, elastic properties and temperature dependence were deduced to dete
 rmine the effect of ternary addition with Zr on the Ti sub-lattice at vari
 ed temperature range.  It was found that the lattice parameter increases w
 ith Zr addition\, the thermodynamic stability was observed at 5 at. % Zr. 
 Furthermore\, the elastic properties showed positive shear modulus for con
 centrations range 5 - 25 at. % Zr\, indicating stability of the structures
  and instability above 25 at. % Zr concentrations. More importantly\, we o
 bserved a martensitic transformation behaviour for Ti50-x Zrx Pt50 (x= 3.1
 25\, 9.375) at around 900K.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contrib
 utions/6260/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6260/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Ultrafast studies of lattice changes in organic Cu(DCNQI)<sub>2</s
 ub> salts
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T122000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6261@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nancy Payne (Stellenbosch University)\nUltrafast ele
 ctron diffraction (UED) is used to study photo-induced structural phase tr
 ansitions and dynamics in crystalline materials. UED uses the pump-probe t
 echnique: the sample is optically excited by a laser pulse and then its st
 ructure is probed by an electron pulse\, effectively acquiring a sub-ps sn
 apshot of the crystal structure in time. By changing the time delay betwee
 n pump and probe\, a 'molecular movie' of the induced dynamics can be buil
 t up. Such experiments require free-standing and ultrathin (<70 nm) sample
 s.\n\nAn interesting candidate for study by UED is the radical anion salt 
 Cu-dicyanochino-diimine [Cu(DCNQI)2]\, molecular crystals which exhibit ex
 tremely high\, one-dimensional conductivities. Even more interesting\, par
 ticular chemical derivatives of Cu(DCNQI)2 undergo an abrupt metal-to-insu
 lator (M-I) phase transition upon cooling\, with a drop in conductivity of
  up to eight orders of magnitude within a single Kelvin. The M-I transitio
 n is associated with a periodic lattice distortion (PLD) and the grouping 
 of crystal layers along the conducting axis into sets of three. This struc
 tural change can be observed in electron diffraction patterns via the appe
 arance of satellite peaks once the crystal has entered its insulating stat
 e. The chemical composition of the Cu(DCNQI)2 salts is highly tuneable\, w
 ith flexible choice of rest groups\, metal ion and extent of deuteration. 
 Changes in composition allow the conductivity and phase transition propert
 ies (i.e.\, the transition temperature) to be systematically and controlla
 bly tailored.\n\nThe insulator-to-metal phase transition can be optically 
 driven by a laser pulse\, thus the induced molecular dynamics can be studi
 ed with UED. We study Cu(Me\,Br-DCNQI)2\, bulk needles of which have a tra
 nsition temperature of 155 K. Analysis of the structural changes upon cool
 ing (i.e.\, steady-state diffraction patterns) and upon photo-excitation (
 i.e.\, time-resolved diffraction patterns) will ultimately lead to a full 
 molecular movie of Cu(Me\,Br-DCNQI)2 as it is pumped from its insulating t
 o metallic phase.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/626
 1/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6261/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:First-principles study of <i>graphane</i> with <i>3d</i> transitio
 n-metal adatoms
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T141000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T143000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6262@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mahlaga Molepo (University of South Africa)\nRecentl
 y\, it has been established that the electronic properties of a graphane (
 hydrogenated graphene) sheet can be well tuned by foreign atom substitutio
 ns. This suggests that incorporating magnetic elements into its semiconduc
 ting environment could make graphane a good base for creating low dimensio
 nal dilute magnetic semiconductors for spintronic devices desirable for in
 formation storage and processing.  Using DFT including the GGA + Hubbard U
  correction\, we investigate the effects on structural\, electronic and ma
 gnetic properties of graphane upon incorporation of 3d transition metal (C
 r\, Mn and Fe) adatoms on different adsorption sites.  It is found that th
 e high-spin configurations are more favourable for all the considered syst
 ems regardless of the adsorption sites. The hydrogen-vacancy substitutiona
 l site is found to be the most favourable for the adsorption of Cr and Fe\
 , resulting in half metallic magnetic ground states with supercell magneti
 c moments of 5 μB and 3 μB respectively. On the contrary\, the Mn adatom
  shows appreciable preference to adsorb on the top of a carbon atom\, with
  large magnetic moment of 5 μB.\nThe observed half metallicity and the ri
 ch magnetic properties of these systems are particularly important for eff
 icient spin injection and transport of high spin polarized currents\, desi
 rable in spintronic device applications.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/eve
 nt/91/contributions/6262/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6262/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:How quantum is bird migration: A review.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6263@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Betony Adams (UKZN)\nQuantum biology\, despite scept
 icism regarding the application of quantum physics to the warm\, wet and m
 essy environments of biological systems\, is by now a well-established fie
 ld of research. Two of the predominant topics of this research are photosy
 nthesis and avian magnetoreception. However\, while there has been some co
 nclusive experimental evidence that photosynthesis employs quantum effects
  it is still debatable that birds use quantum mechanics to navigate. This 
 presentation will explore the extent to which avian magnetoreception might
  be considered a quantum phenomenon. It has been hypothesised that birds e
 mploy a radical pair mechanism to negotiate the earth’s magnetic field. 
 The hypothesis is supported by the fact that the avian compass is a light 
 dependent\, inclination compass. It has been shown that it is structurally
  possible for a molecule in the eye of the bird to be measurably effected 
 by the weak geomagnetic field. Progress has also been made into the detail
 s of the mechanism by identifying a possible molecule\, cryptochrome\, in 
 which the effect occurs. Cryptochromes in fruit-flies have been demonstrat
 ed to mediate magnetic responses. Four different types of cryptochrome hav
 e also been confirmed in the eyes of migratory birds while cryptochromes f
 rom migratory garden warblers form radicals with millisecond lifetimes und
 er the influence of the blue spectral range. Recent experiments have also 
 demonstrated that the avian compass is disrupted by low intensity anthropo
 genic electromagnetic radiation across a broad range of radio frequencies.
  Current theoretical approaches suggest that this could be explained by a 
 quantum needle effect which would further confirm that avian magnetorecept
 ion belongs in the category of quantum biology.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org
 .za/event/91/contributions/6263/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6263/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Students’ explanations of motion in real-life context
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6264@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Paul Molefe (University of Johannesburg)\nThe concep
 ts of force and acceleration are crucial when motion in both one and two d
 imensions is described. The relationship between the two concepts were exp
 lained in terms of Newton's first and second law of motion which is includ
 ed in both high school and university first year physics curriculum. It is
  expected that both high school and university first year Physics students
  can be able to explain motion in real- life context in terms of terminolo
 gies used in Newton's first and second law. The paper present students’ 
 explanation of motion after viewing Phet simulations. Preliminary results 
 revealed some discrepancy in students understanding of both Newtons first 
 and second law.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6264/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6264/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Injection Line Studies for the SPC2 Cyclotron at iThemba LABS
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T082000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6265@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: fhumulani nemulodi (iThemba LABS)\nThe transmission 
 efficiency of some ion beams through the second solid-pole injector cyclot
 ron (SPC2) at iThemba LABS requires improvement. In order to understand th
 e beam optics in the injection line\, and match the beam to the acceptance
  of the cyclotron\, the beam envelope behavior from the beginning of injec
 tion-line to the inside of the SPC2 cyclotron was investigated with differ
 ent simulation programs. The transverse effects were taken into account by
  the beam transport codes TRANSOPTR and TRANSPORT\, while the multi partic
 le simulation code OPAL was used to include space-charge effects. Simulati
 ons of the effect of an additional buncher\, operating at the second harmo
 nic\, on the transmission of the beam of charged particles through the cyc
 lotron were made.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/626
 5/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6265/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:What is mathematics good for anyway?
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T101000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T103000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6298@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Charlotte Hillebrand-Viljoen (University of Cape Tow
 n)\nA course in intermediate mathematics\, including linear algebra\, is u
 sually a corequisite for an intermediate level physics course and linear a
 lgebra is generally considered an important tool for physicists. However\,
  students often struggle both with understanding linear algebra in the abs
 tract (in maths class) and with applying linear algebra concepts to physic
 s.\nWe present a description\, based on Grounded Theory\, of student and e
 xpert perspectives on linear algebra and its applications in quantum mecha
 nics. This is a multidimensional picture involving not only students' and 
 experts' aptitude with linear algebra and quantum mechanics\, but also the
 ir strategies for applying one to the other and their subjective attitudes
  towards how useful and usable the topics in question are.\n\nhttps://even
 ts.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6298/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6298/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The Isovector Giant Dipole Resonance in the transition region of t
 he samarium isotope chain
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T122000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6267@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Lindsay Donaldson (iThemba Laboratory for Accelerato
 r Based Sciences)\nThe shape transition of the Isovector Giant Dipole Reso
 nance (IVGDR) from the spherical 142Nd to the deformed 150Nd nuclei in the
  even-even 142-150Nd chain has been established using proton inelastic sca
 ttering at zero degrees. Comparisons were made to previous photo-absorptio
 n results and some discrepancies were found which have implications for as
 trophysical applications (PLB in preparation). In addition\, 152Sm was mea
 sured to allow for comparisons to its isotone\, 150Nd\, to be made. These 
 results will be discussed along with the proposal to perform a coincidence
  measurement of the  IVGDR in 154Sm via proton inelastic scattering and th
 e observation of the subsequent γ-ray decays with BaGeL (Bagel Array of G
 e and LaBr detectors). The 154Sm data in addition to 150Sm and 152Sm data 
 from a previous experiment will provide insight into the transition region
  of the samarium isotope chain and will provide an opportunity to test the
  equivalent virtual photon method in this region.\n\nhttps://events.saip.o
 rg.za/event/91/contributions/6267/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6267/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles and the investigation of thei
 r physical properties
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6268@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Takalani Nethavhanani (University of the Western Cap
 e)\nZnO  is  a  wide  band-gap  semiconductor  “~3.7  eV”  at  room  t
 emperature with  a wurtzite crystal structure. It has attracted a signific
 ant interest worldwide above its initial potentiality as the ideal candida
 te for blue-UV light emitting diodes applications. Its multifunctionality 
 as a transparent conducting oxide\, effective piezoelectric\, a selective 
 gas sensor and an efficient catalyst  support  among  others\,  has  made 
  it  as  one  of  the  most  studied  simple  oxide  in  its nano form in 
 the modern era. \nNano-scaled ZnO has been synthesized in a plethora of sh
 apes. A rich variety of physical and chemical methodologies were used to s
 ynthesize undoped or doped ZnO. The synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles by conv
 entional physical and chemical methods has been reported to have adverse e
 ffects such as critical conditions of temperature and pressure\, expensive
  chemicals\, long reflux time of reaction and toxic byproducts. The green 
 synthesis approaches  which  are  based  on  using  biogenic  processes\, 
  reduce the pollution  risk  at  source  level  and  hence avoids the wast
 e products that need to be treated or cleaned up after it has been formed.
  \nThis work reports  on  the  synthesis  and  the  main  physical  proper
 ties  of   nano-scaled pure  ZnO  particles  synthesized by  a  completely
   green process using  Aspalathus Linearis' natural extract of as an effec
 tive chelating agent without addition of any acidic or basic medium.\n\nht
 tps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6268/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6268/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Verification of phase transformation temperatures of 9%Cr ferritic
  steel using dilatometry and neutron powder diffraction
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6269@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: zeldah sentsho (necsa)\nCreep strength enhanced ferr
 itic steels [1] are used in the manufacture of critical pressure component
 s and vessels in modern power industry due to high thermal conductivity\, 
 low thermal expansion\, high strength and resistance to creep at elevated 
 temperatures. 9%Cr steel [2] is of technological relevance since it contai
 ns elements which provide precipitation strengthening by forming M23C6 car
 bides and niobium containing carbonitrides. As for many other steels that 
 have a ferritic structure at room temperature\, a number of phase transfor
 mations occur in 9%Cr steels on heating. At the so-called Ac1 temperature\
 , about 800°C\, the transformation of ferrite to austenite begins. At the
  Ac3 temperature the structure is fully austenitic. On further heating\, t
 he transformation of austenite to delta ferrite occurs\, at about 1390°C 
 [3]. \n\nPhase transformation temperatures are traditionally established w
 ith dilatometry measurements [4] with the onset and progress of transforma
 tions inferred from changes in the slope of a graph of sample length vs te
 mperature. The change in slope is in the first instance due to the phase t
 ransformation of the bcc ferrite structure to fcc austenite. Notwithstandi
 ng dilatometry being sensitive for revealing the consequences of phase tra
 nsformations\, it remains an indirect measure of the onset of phase transf
 ormation. If phase transformation results in a dual phase structure with a
 pproximately constant volume fractions\, the dilatometric curve will show 
 an approximately constant slope. Such a slope can\, incorrectly\, be inter
 preted as indicative of a single phase structure.\n\nBy using the capabili
 ty of thermal neutron diffraction [5] as direct probe of crystallographic 
 phase changes averaged over the volume of the sample\, in conjunction with
  in-situ heating\, direct quantification of the respective phases through 
 the application of the Rietveld method is possible at a range of temperatu
 res. In addition\, by doing neutron diffraction at pre-determined sample t
 emperatures\, an alternative method exists for compiling/verifying phase t
 ransformation temperatures. The completion of transformation is better def
 ined with neutron powder diffraction and also the study of the austenite t
 o delta ferrite transformation at about 1300°C is possible. Preliminary r
 esults of the heat treatments conducted at Necsa indicate the range of tem
 peratures for the beginning and end of the transformation of ferrite to au
 stenite on heating. Results from both approaches will be compared and disc
 ussed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6269/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6269/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Green synthesis of Europium oxide Nanoparticles by <i>Hibiscus sab
 dariffa</i> flower extract: Main physical and optical properties
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6270@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: zamavezi Kweyama (iThemba LABS)\nThis contribution r
 eports on the synthesis and the main physical properties of Europium (III)
  oxide (Eu2O3) nanocrystals synthesized for the first time by a completely
  green physical-chemistry process using Hibiscus sabdariffa flower natural
  extract as an effective chelating agent. Eu2O3 nanoparticles synthesized 
 via green chemistry process would be beneficial for the development of non
 toxic\, clean and environmentally friendly biosynthesis procedure. The str
 uctural and optical properties of such biosynthesis nanocrystals were anal
 yzed by High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM)\, Scannin
 g Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed the images of small NPs formed\, from t
 his it was established that the Eu2O3 NPs are nano-scaled with a mixed pop
 ulation of crystalline particles\, Electron Dispersive X-rays Spectroscopy
  (EDS)\, X-Rays Diffraction (XRD) where the grain size of nanoparticles wa
 s calculated using Debye-Scherrer approximation and ranged within 14 nm to
  25 nm and the calculated lattice constant using the relation was found to
  be〖 a〗exp=10.87812 Å  which was slightly larger than the bulk value\
 , Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR)\, Raman\, Ultraviolet an
 d visible spectrometer (UV-Vis-NIR) as well as room temperature photolumin
 escence (PL). The luminescence properties of such cubic were characterized
  by an intense red emission centered at 614.8 nm (5D0-7F3).\n\n\nThese res
 ults represent an important step forward in investigating and determining 
 the properties of Eu2O3 nanoparticles synthesized via green chemistry proc
 ess. It is a promising cost-effective path and energy wise non-consuming w
 ith zero waste end products for highly stable and well-characterized nanop
 articles.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6270/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6270/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Analysis of a heavy boson of mass around 270 GeV in Left-Right Sym
 metric Models
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6271@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Amir Abouelrous (University of the Witwatersrand)\nA
 fter the discovery of the Higgs boson by the experiments at the LHC\, the 
 search\nfor new bosons has become of great interest. Based on a number of 
 features of the data\, the\nexistence of a heavy boson with a mass around 
 270 GeV has been postulated with a number\nof interactions. One interestin
 g extension of the Standard Model is the Left-Right Symmetric\nModels (LRS
 M). Among the interesting features of the LRSM is their complex Higgs sect
 or.\nUnlike the SM with only one neutral Higgs Boson\, LRSM offers a varie
 ty of Higgs Bosons\nwhich include neutral\, singly charged and doubly char
 ged Higgs Bosons. Due to the Flavour\nChanging Neutral Currents (FCNCs) co
 nstraints\, the neutral Bosons of the bi-doublet sector\nare constrained t
 o be at least 10 TeV. One way to suppress the FCNCs effect is by imposing 
 a\nglobal symmetry on LRSM Lagrangian. We analyse the possibility of suppr
 essing the FCNCs\neffects in the LRSM and determine the possibility of hav
 ing a heavy neutral Higgs Boson of\nmass around 270 GeV in the Higgs secto
 r of the LRSM.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6271/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6271/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Firmware development of the ALICE MID readout card at the LHC
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6272@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nathan Boyles (UCT\, NRF/iThemba LABS)\nALICE (A Lar
 ge Ion Collider Experiment) is the detector at the Large Hadron Collider (
 LHC) at CERN which is studying properties of the Quark-Gluon (QGP) Plasma 
 using lead-lead (Pb-Pb)\, proton-proton (pp) and proton-lead (p-Pb) collis
 ions. To cope with the increasing luminosity of the LHC\, due to the need 
 for more statistics and precision measurements of the QGP\, the ALICE expe
 riment is planning a major upgrade of its detectors during the Long Shutdo
 wn-2 (LS2) period\, which is at present foreseen to start end of 2018. Wit
 h the increased luminosity the detectors should be able to read out 50 kHz
  Pb-Pb collisions\, and 200 kHz pp and p-Pb collisions at nominal performa
 nce. While some systems such as the ALICE Inner Tracking System will be re
 placed\, most other detectors\, including the Muon Spectrometer (Tracking 
 and Trigger systems) will receive new front-end and readout electronics. T
 his will allow all detectors to be read out at the expected interaction ra
 tes either upon a minimum-bias trigger or in a continuous mode. Central to
  this upgrade strategy is a new high-speed readout approach based on a Com
 mon Readout Unit (CRU). This unit is being developed for detector data rea
 dout\, concentration and multiplexing onto the Online/Offline Computing fa
 rm (O2) for event reconstruction and storage\, as well as distributing tri
 gger and timing information to the on-detector electronics.\n\nThe ALICE M
 uon Identifier (MID) is the proposed future designation of the ALICE Muon 
 Trigger System after LS2. The main task of the South African team at iThem
 ba LABS is to develop and test the MID-specific code for the CRU FPGA (Fie
 ld Programmable Gate Array ) as part of the ALICE MID Upgrade and to coord
 inate these developments with the central ALICE CRU team. This poster pres
 entation will focus on these activities.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/eve
 nt/91/contributions/6272/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6272/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Brillouin scattering study on the opto-acoustic anisotropy of SrF3
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6273@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hlosani Dube (Wits Masters Student)\nThe elastic ani
 sotropy of transparent polymer films and layers can be investigated nondes
 tructively using Brillouin scattering techniques. In this study\, an appli
 cation of Reflection Induced ΘA scattering (RIΘA) technique is introduce
 d. In this geometry\, we can simultaneously obtain RIΘA scattering and ba
 ck scattering peaks in one frequency spectrum. Because the shift frequency
  of 180 scattering peaks are dependent on the refractive index\, one can d
 educe the information of optical anisotropy (birefringence) by comparing t
 he RIΘA and back scattering peaks. Making use of this idea\, the elastic 
 and optical properties (birefringence) of a strontium fluoride (SrF3) crys
 tal are investigated. The refractive index of the SrF3 was then estimated 
 using Brillouin scattering results from this isotropic plane.\n\nhttps://e
 vents.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6273/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6273/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Students‘ presentations as a teaching and learning tool
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6274@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Buyi Sondezi (University of Johannesburg)\, Paul Mol
 efe (University of Johannesburg)\nIn an endeavour to increase throughput a
 t the undergraduate level\, we constantly search for ways of making learni
 ng fun as we emphasize conceptual understanding in our strategies. Traditi
 onal teaching style\, where the lecturer has been the main figure in the c
 lass has been effective to some extent\, while other students need variety
 . In making sure that students are  effectively involved with the content 
 of their courses throughout the semester\, students presentations were int
 roduced. Students were grouped and prepared in time to look at the specifi
 c topic that will be covered in their course. Each group had a specific se
 ction to cover\, where each member in the group also had an opportunity to
  present. At the end of the presentations\, questions were asked and clari
 ty was given. Here we present the results of this method based on the mark
 s obtained by students in those sections.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/ev
 ent/91/contributions/6274/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6274/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Thermospheric winds and temperatures
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6275@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Michael Kosch (SANSA)\nThe Scanning Doppler Imager i
 s a state-of-the-art Fabry-Perot interferometer system that allows remote 
 ground-based “images” of thermospheric winds and temperatures using th
 e Doppler shift and broadening of airglow emissions. Thermospheric winds a
 t high-latitudes are generally driven by ion drag from ion convection as o
 bserved by the SuperDARN radars. The unique meso-scale imaging capability 
 of this instrument has contributed to new discoveries\, for example that a
 uroras can directly influence the thermospheric wind velocity in time and 
 space. Two Scanning Doppler Imagers were deployed to McMurdo and South Pol
 e\, Antarctica\, in early 2016. The deployment and some preliminary observ
 ations are presented.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions
 /6275/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6275/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Lattice thermal conductivity of bulk WSe2
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6276@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mahmoud Mahmoud (University of the Witwatersrand)\nT
 hermoelectric devices can convert heat into an electric current and have i
 mmense potential for efficient\nuse available energy. This includes conver
 ting heat energy from internal combustion engines\, conventional\npower pl
 ants and solar cells into usable energy. Research into finding efficient t
 hermoelectric materials has\nintensified over the past decade. One of the 
 desired features of efficient thermoelectric materials is a low\nlattice t
 hermal conductivity. In other words\, the thermal energy transported by th
 e motion of the atoms in\na thermoelectric materials should be small. Rece
 nt research suggests that some layered materials may be\nmaterials with th
 is property. In this study we used first-principle calculations to investi
 gate the structural\,\nelectronic\, and vibrational properties of bulk WSe
 2 \, a layered material. The lattice thermal conductivity\nwas calculated 
 by using a single-mode relaxation-time approximation in the linearized pho
 non Boltzmann\nequation from first-principles an-harmonic lattice dynamics
  calculations. We find that the lattice thermal\nconductivity of WSe2 is n
 on-isotropic\, with a value of 63.78 Wm−1K−1 in the direction of the p
 lane and\n2.39 W m −1 K −1 perpendicular to the plane at room temperat
 ure. The thermal conductivity perpendicular\nto the plane is close to expe
 rimental value at room temperature\, and is in a range which makes this an
 \ninteresting material as a potential active component in a thermoelectric
  device.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6276/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6276/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Vectors from  students' point of view
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T082000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6277@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Buyi Sondezi (University of Johannesburg)\, Paul Mol
 efe (University of Johannesburg)\nFirst year physics lecturers reported di
 fficulties with students’ learning of concepts and skills associated wit
 h studying vectors. The results of the investigation suggested that studen
 ts had insufficient knowledge and understanding of magnitude\, direction\,
  and the significance of free-body diagrams in resolving the related vecto
 rs into components [1]. In the report [2]\, students were found to have kn
 owledge of drawing free-body diagrams but lacked competence with the formu
 lation of equations. The results revealed that most students did not do we
 ll in subsequent sub-questions. We report the findings obtained from the s
 tudents when responding to the sources of their challenges in dealing with
  sections related to vectors.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contr
 ibutions/6277/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6277/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Density functional based tight binding (DFTB+) studies of pentland
 ites (Fe\, Co\, Ni)<sub>9</sub>S<sub>8</sub> minerals
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T082000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6278@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Thabo Letsoalo (University of Limpopo)\nDensity func
 tional based tight-binding method (DFTB+) is code which can calculate the 
 small atoms electronic properties and molecular dynamics of large structur
 es. We used parameterization techniques to study pentlandite minerals and 
 large structure using a density functional based tight-binding (DFTB+) met
 hod. Pentlandite structures are the transitional-metal sulfides of the Fe\
 , Ni group elements\, and Co9S8being the only known binary phase.  We deve
 loped sets of parameters for Co9S8\, Fe9S8\, Ni 9S8\, and Fe4Ni5S8mineral 
 compounds. However Co-S\, Fe-S\, Ni-S and S-S interaction pairs produced a
  good bond lengths and the lattice parameters of these pentlandites minera
 ls sulfides gave  a good agreement of DFT-based calculations and experimen
 tal results. We calculated molecular dynamics on (1 1 1) surface Co9S8 nan
 oparticle from 300K to 1000K\, and showed a zero band gap at a higher temp
 erature. Supercell of pentlandite structure Fe4Ni5S8 with 1864 atoms\, the
  density of states (DOS) showed a band gap structure with a zero Fermi ene
 rgy. We alloyed supercell of pentlandite structure Fe4Ni5S8 of 1864 atoms 
 with oxygen and changed the electronic properties with significance import
 ance properties of pentlandites minerals.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/ev
 ent/91/contributions/6278/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6278/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS’ DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICS CONCEPTS: THE EFFECT
  OF GUIDED INQUIRY LABORATORY ACTIVITIES
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T082000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6279@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Vonani Baloyi (University of Pretoria)\nThis study i
 nvestigated the effect of guided-inquiry physics (GI) laboratory activitie
 s on students’ development of physics concepts. Ninety seven first-year 
 Bachelor of Science physics students participated in this study at a well-
 established South African university. The students were assigned systemati
 cally to control and experimental groups. The control group did recipe-bas
 ed practical activities\, while the experimental group did GI practical ac
 tivities. At the end of the semester\, data were collected using the writt
 en practical and hands-on examinations. Follow-up interviews were also con
 ducted. Results indicated that some questions enhanced students’ underst
 anding of certain physics concepts while others did not. The control group
  outperformed the experimental group in many questions\, but also performe
 d worse in some of the questions. Overall\, there were differences between
  experimental and control groups\, although the differences were statistic
 ally insignificant. It was concluded that GI laboratory activities did not
  enhance first-year physics students’ perceptions of physics concepts bu
 t it has enhanced positive attitudes towards physics laboratory work. The 
 results of this study however\, contribute to the understanding of current
  science laboratory practices\, learning processes and the potential effec
 ts of inquiry-based instruction at university level.\n\nhttps://events.sai
 p.org.za/event/91/contributions/6279/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6279/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A Versatile Setup for Resonant Ionisation Spectroscopy of Atomic S
 pecies
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6280@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Brandon Hattingh (LRI Stellenbosch)\nResonant Ionisa
 tion Spectroscopy (RIS) is of growing interest as tool in the production a
 nd quality assurance of isotopes for medical applications. It is also a to
 ol for precision investigation of exotic nuclei in many large nuclear phys
 ics facilities such as CERN. We report on the development of a versatile s
 etup for tunable laser based atomic spectroscopy that will be used to inve
 stigate resonant ionisation schemes for different atoms and optimise the e
 xperimental parameters. RIS is a multi-step process of which the first 1 o
 r 2 photons are resonant\, and the last photon ionises the atom. Different
  spectroscopic methods will be investigated for characterization of the di
 fferent steps: optogalvanic spectroscopy in a hollow cathode lamp\, acoust
 ic detection\, absorption spectroscopy and laser induced (or reduced) fluo
 rescence spectroscopy. The planned setup and preliminary results are prese
 nted.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6280/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6280/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Theoretical investigation of the Hong-Ou-Mandel interference in tu
 rbulence
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6281@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Chemist Mabena (University of the Witwatersrand and 
 CSIR)\nThe effect of turbulence on the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) is analysed th
 eoretically. The analysis is performed with two types of entangled input s
 tates\, a Bell state and a spontaneous parametric down converted input sta
 te. In this work\, two scenarios have been considered. The first scenario 
 is when only one of the entangled photons is sent through the turbulence a
 nd the second scenario is when both the entangled photons are sent through
  turbulence. For the purpose of the calculations\, we use a single phase s
 creen approximation of the turbulent medium and a quadratic structure func
 tion to approximate the Kolmogorov theory of turbulence. The results show 
 that the visibility of the HOM dip (or peak) is independent of the scintil
 lation strength when only one photon goes through the turbulence for both 
 types of entangled input states. However\, in the case when both photons a
 re sent through the turbulence\, the visibility of the HOM dip (or peak) i
 s reduced for increasing scintillation strength.\n\nhttps://events.saip.or
 g.za/event/91/contributions/6281/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6281/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:DPCMM AGM
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T132000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T134000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6282@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6282/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6282/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Decolonialising science education
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T125000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T134000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6283@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Dale Taylor (UCT)\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/
 91/contributions/6283/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6283/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Teacher professional development
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T090000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T100000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6284@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jonathan Clark ()\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/
 91/contributions/6284/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6284/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:South African Physics Olympiad
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T073000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T083000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6285@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Case Rijsdijk (SAAO (retd))\nhttps://events.saip.org
 .za/event/91/contributions/6285/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6285/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Opening remarks
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T071500Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T073000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6286@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6286/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6286/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:TiO2 Nanorods Formation Mechanism on Ti Foil Substrate by Gel-Oxid
 ation Method
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6287@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Crispin Mbulanga (Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Univer
 sity)\nGel-oxidation method is a thermochemical method used to modify and 
 form surface layers on Ti surface by controlling the thickness and morphol
 ogy of surfaces. It can be described in terms of the following two-step pr
 ocess: (i) gelation: a Titanium based hydrogel is formed on Ti surface fro
 m corrosive reagent such as NaOH\, KOH\, LiOH\, H2O2\, …\; and (ii) oxid
 ation: the hydrogel is oxidised at various temperatures\, thereby forming 
 a surface layer of recrystallized titania (TiO2) and possibly other phases
 \, such as alkaline (Na\, …) titanate\, on the surface [1] [2] [3] [4]. 
 Hence\, the aim of the present investigation is to explore the formation m
 echanism that leads to the synthetisation of TiO2 nanorods on metallic sub
 strate\, in particular Ti foil surface by gel-oxidation NaOH based method.
 \n\nFrom XRD\, SEM\, TEM and Raman spectroscopy investigations\, the follo
 wing observations were made: (1) On the surface of Ti foil treated in 5 M 
 NaOH solution at 76 oC for 24 h\, there is a porous network morphology mad
 e of predominantly amorphous with a small amount of nanocrystalline\; (2) 
 anatase and rutile TiO2 nanorods formation take place on the surface of Na
 OH-treated Ti foil calcinated (oxidised) at 600 and 800 oC under a N2 flow
 \; (3) rutile TiO2 nanostructures formation take place efficiently on the 
 surface of NaOH-treated Ti foil calcinated (oxidised) at 800 oC under a N2
  flow. After a careful interpretation of above results\, it is understood 
 that TiO2 fabricated nanorods inherited their morphology from Na Titanates
 . \n            \nReferences\n[1]     H.Z. Abdullah\, P. Koshy and C.C. So
 rrell\, "Gel Oxidation of Titanium for Biomedical Application\," Adv. Mate
 r. Res.\, vol. 620\, p. 122\, 2013. \n[2]     H.Z. Abdullah and C.C. Sorre
 l\, "Gel Oxidation Of Titanium And Effect Of UV Irradiation On Precipitati
 on Of Hydroxyapatite From Simulated Body Fluid\," Advanced Materials Resea
 rch\, Vols. 488-489\, p. 1229\, 2012. \n[3]     Hyun-Min Kim\, F. Miyaji\,
  T.Kokubo\,' and T. Nakamura\, "Preparation of bioactive Ti and its alloys
  via simple chemical surface treatment\," J. Biomed.l Mater. Res.\, vol. 3
 2\, p. 409\, 1996.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/62
 87/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6287/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Teaching with MCQ
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T125000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6288@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Case Rijsdijk (SAAO (retd))\, David Wolfe (UK Instit
 ute of Physics)\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6288/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6288/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Development of Post-Processing Technique for a Quantum Key Distrib
 ution System
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T141000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T143000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6292@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Marie Louise Umuhire (University of Kwazulu-Natal\, 
 Private Bag X54001\, Durban 4000\, South Africa)\nClassical Cryptography o
 ffers different methods to encrypt messages amongst authorized users by ap
 plying some mathematical techniques which require the users to have shared
  some information initially[1]. These mathematical techniques can be broke
 n as they all rely on the computational complexity[1]. Quantum Key Distrib
 ution (QKD) is an alternative means of encrypting  information whereby ins
 tead of users exchanging an encrypted message\; they share first the symme
 tric-key[2]. QKD relies on the properties of Quantum Mechanics to protect 
 the information transfer from the interference of an eavesdropper. The imp
 lementation of QKD demands an appropriate protocol which can enable the us
 ers to produce a secure key. \nApart from the key distribution process\, p
 ost-processing is performed to obtain a final key. This is achieved throug
 h an error reconciliation protocol. Post-processing is required to elimina
 te  errors introduced by an eavesdropper in the quantum channel and imperf
 ections of the equipment used[3]. The error reconciliation protocol is hen
 ce needed to identify and fix all the errors in the shared key\, so that a
 t the end users will have the same identical key.\nIn this research\, the 
 data used for post-processing were obtained from experimental implementati
 on of the Coherent One-Way (COW) protocol using free space as a quantum ch
 annel. We applied Cascade error reconciliation protocol to the raw key obt
 ained in the experiment to identify and fix errors obtained in the quantum
  transmission process. Also Cascade error reconciliation protocol is teste
 d to verify how efficiency of the system. \n\nReferences\n\n1.Zoller\, P.\
 , et al.\, Quantum information processing and communication. The European 
 Physical Journal D-Atomic\, Molecular\, Optical and Plasma Physics\, 2005.
  36(2): p. 203-228.\n\n2.Nicolas\, G.\, et al.\, Quantum cryptography. REV
 IEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS\, 2002. 74(1): p. 145 - 195.\n\n3.Brassard\, G. and
  L. Salvail. Secret-key reconciliation by public discussion. in Workshop o
 n the Theory and Application of of Cryptographic Techniques. 1993. Springe
 r.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6292/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6292/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Modulating Information onto Laser Beams
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6293@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mitchell Cox (University of the Witwatersrand)\nMode
  Division Multiplexing (MDM) is an emerging technology which harnesses the
  spatial degree of freedom of laser beams to significantly increase the ov
 erall capacity of optical communication systems. MDM research is typically
  carried out using cameras to measure the beam characteristics under vario
 us conditions. In high speed digital communication systems\, the time doma
 in characteristics of the beam and of the information modulated onto the b
 eams is important\, and it is not possible to use existing\, camera-based 
 experimental techniques to thoroughly investigate these characteristics. I
 n this presentation\, experimental techniques using so-called “radio ove
 r optical” will be described along with explanations for how the data ma
 y be interpreted to derive useful physical channel characteristics.\n\nhtt
 ps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6293/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6293/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Generation of hyper-entangled photon states for quantum key distri
 bution
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6294@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Anesan Reddy (University of KwaZulu-Natal)\, Shamik 
 Maharaj (University of KwaZulu-Natal)\nQuantum entanglement is a phenomeno
 n that occurs when the states of individual particles become linked to one
  another. Thus\, performing a measurement on one particle has an immediate
  effect on its entangled partner/s\, irrespective of the distance between 
 the particles. In this experiment\, pairs of entangled photons are produce
 d by spontaneous parametric down conversion. The quality of entanglement i
 s verified by performing measurements on the entangled photon states. The 
 measured states should violate the Bell inequality which would be conclusi
 ve verification that the photons are entangled [1]. Encoding photons throu
 gh polarisation coupled to high-dimensional spatial modes allows for the g
 eneration of hyper-entangled states [2]. Higher-dimensional spatial modes 
 is experimentally generated using liquid crystal technology. Quantum entan
 glement enhances the security of the quantum key distribution process. Hyp
 er-entangled states promotes secure data transfer over the quantum channel
 . \nHere\, we present the experimental verification of entanglement and th
 e creation of higher dimensional states for quantum communication.\n\nRefe
 rence\n[1] J. Clauser\, R. Holt\, M. Horne and A. Shimony\, “Proposed Ex
 periment to Test Local Hidden-Variable Theories\,” Phys. Rev. Lett.\, 23
 (15)\, 880-884 (1969).\n[2] J. T. Barreiro\, N. K. Langford\, N. A. Peters
 \, and P. G. Kwiat\, "Hyper-Entangled Photons\," in Frontiers in Optics\, 
 OSA Technical Digest Series (Optical Society of America\, 2005)\, paper LM
 B3\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6294/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6294/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:An application of optical tweezers in the measurement of picoNewto
 n forces
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T132000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T134000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6295@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Anneke Erasmus (Stellenbosch University)\nOptical tw
 eezing is an established technique that has been developed for manipulatin
 g micron sized objects. These applications include cell sorting\, studying
  intracellular dynamics\, applying specific forces to trapped particles as
  well as quantitative measurement of intracellular forces\, for example me
 asuring the force exerted by molecular motors inside a living cell. Trappi
 ng occurs when the light is tightly focused with a high numerical aperture
  objective lens onto the object of interest. This technique makes it possi
 ble to remotely investigate mechanical properties of a sample. This work f
 ocuses on the application of the optical tweezers in force measurements us
 ing a custom optical tweezers setup built to be integrated into a nonlinea
 r microscopy setup. This presentation discusses the construction of the tw
 eezers setup\, the calibration processes and force measurement studies. A 
 diode laser (975 nm) is used to trap micron sized silica particles. Calibr
 ation of the force constant of the optical tweezers setup was done using s
 ilica beads and a quadrant position detector. Preliminary results in deter
 mining the forces exerted by myosin motor proteins pulling vesicles along 
 actin filaments inside an onion (Allium cepa L.) cell will be presented an
 d discussed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6295/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6295/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Geomagnetic Storm Impact on HF Communications and Radiation Exposu
 re at Aviation Altitude
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T122000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6296@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Rendani nndanganeni (South African Nation Space Agen
 cy)\nGeomagnetic storms are one of the space weather events that have an i
 mpact on HF communications and can also contribute in enhancing the radiat
 ion exposure at aviation altitude. This paper presents the analysis of mod
 erate geomagnetic storm activity of the period 7-9 March 2012 and 16-19 Ma
 rch 2015. The impact on HF propagation parameter foF2 and radiation dose r
 ate is analysed to quantify the magnitude of the impact during these storm
  periods. Ionospheric foF2 data measured by ionosonde from Grahamstown sta
 tion (33.3 S\, 26.5 E) was used in the analysis. The monthly median of foF
 2 values was calculated to indicate the quiet day-to-day variation of foF2
 . To evaluate the level of radiation exposure over different routes the MA
 IRE model is used to generate the radiation dose rate data. Results show t
 hat during the storm day of 9 March 2012 a decrease in foF2 values (negati
 ve ionospheric storm) was observed\, whereas during the storm day of 17 Ma
 rch 2015 an increase in foF2 values (positive ionospheric storm) was obser
 ved. This results show that an HF communications is expected to be disturb
 ed by +/- 2 MHz during a moderate geomagnetic storm.  An enhancement in ra
 diation dose rate was also observed as compared to the quiet days during b
 oth storm periods.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/62
 96/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6296/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Calculation of the Energy Produced from Radiative Capture in the S
 AFARI-1 Nuclear Reactor
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6299@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Linina Jurbandam (University of Witwatersrand)\nThe 
 knowledge of the fission Q-value is important for the safety analysis of a
  nuclear reactor. It is around 200MeV/fission in all nuclear reactors\, be
 ing the energy released from radiative capture (Qϒc)\, the main source of
  differences between reactors. In this work\, we present a detailed calcul
 ation of Qϒc produced in SAFARI-1 using the MCNP-5 (Monte Carlo N-Particl
 e) code. MCNP is a probabilistic transport code that has the capability of
  solving general geometries with continuous energy data. In particular\, w
 e calculate the reaction rate of the nuclides that contribute majorly to t
 he heating in the SAFARI-1 core. From the nuclear reaction rate and the en
 ergy released per reaction (binding energy)\, the total energy produced fr
 om radiative capture was calculated. In previous work\, the radiative capt
 ure energy was calculated as an energy deposition using MCNP-5. From the e
 nergy deposition calculation\, Qϒc was calculated as 5.42MeV/fission. Usi
 ng the energy production method\, Qϒc was calculated as 6MeV/fission. Typ
 ical values for Qϒc range between 3-12MeV/fission. This work takes a clos
 er look at how to arrive at these values using the two methods in MCNP-5.\
 n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6299/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6299/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Temporal two-photon interference of entangled photons generated us
 ing partially coherent pump beam
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6300@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Stuti Joshi (University of KwaZulu-Natal)\nTwo-photo
 n interference effects of entangled photons produced by spontaneous parame
 tric down-conversion (SPDC) received a lot of attention in the last few de
 cades. Various kinds of two-photon interference effects such as Hong-Ou-Ma
 ndel (HOM) effect\, two-photon fringes in a Franson interferometer\, induc
 ed coherence without induced emission\, frustrated two-photon creation\, a
 nd postponed compensation has been observed by different groups [1-3]. Pre
 vious studies have considered the pump beam as spatially coherent. It has 
 been proven that in many applications a partially coherent beam is more ro
 bust than the fully coherent one. Recently\, Jha and Boyd showed theoretic
 ally that the spatial coherence properties of the pump beam are entirely t
 ransferred to the coherence properties of the down-converted fields [4]. O
 f late it has been shown that the detection probability of the entangled t
 wo-photon field is higher and less susceptible to change in the properties
  of the environment if the field is produced by a lower mode of partially 
 coherent pump beam [5].\n\nHere\, we present the results of our experiment
 al work on temporal two-photon interference by considering pump beam as pa
 rtially spatially coherent. For this\, we used HOM-like interferometer whi
 ch is based on the mixing of signal and idler photons. HOM-like effects ca
 n be understood as observations of how the degree of two-photon coherence 
 changes as a function of the biphoton path-asymmetry-length difference.\n\
 n\nReferences:\n[1] C. K. Hong\, Z. Y. Ou\, and L. Mandel\, Phys. Rev. Let
 t. 59\, 2044 (1987).\n[2] P. G. Kwiat\, A. M. Steinberg\, and R. Y. Chiao\
 , Phys. Rev. A 47\, R2472 (1993).\n[3] T. B. Pittman et al.\, Phys. Rev. L
 ett. 77\, 1917 (1996).\n[4] A K Jha and R. W. Boyd\, Phys. Rev. A\, 81\, 0
 13828 (2010).\n[5] Y. Qiu and W. She\, Appl Phys B 108:683–687 (2012).\n
 \nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6300/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6300/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Two-photon polarisation entangled states using partially spatially
  coherent pump beam
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6301@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Yaseera Ismail (University of KwaZulu-Natal)\nThus f
 ar the development of entangled photon sources is based on the use of a fu
 lly coherent pump beam through a process of spontaneous parametric down co
 nversion (SCPD). Of recent\, there has been numerous theoretical studies b
 ased on the temporal and spatial coherence properties of the twin beam sta
 te [1]. In particular\, for its relevance in the field of quantum informat
 ion processing and communication. It has been shown that the spatial-spect
 ral and spatial-temporal properties of the entangled photons are affected 
 by crystal and pump beam parameters [2]. Previous experiments considered t
 he pump beam to be spatially coherent however it has been shown theoretica
 lly\, that the spatial coherence properties of the pump field is entirely 
 transferred to the spatial coherence properties of the down-converted two-
 photon field [3]. It has also shown that the entanglement of a spatial two
 -qubit state is affected by the spatial coherence properties of the two ph
 oton field [3].\nHere we present\, the spatial coherence properties of the
  entangled-photon pairs produced by SPDC. The experimentally produced enta
 ngled photons are investigated by taking into consideration the partial sp
 atial coherence of the pump beam. For spatial correlation in SPDC\, coinci
 dence counts are recorded as a function of the detectors. These two photon
  states are significant for the application of quantum communication.\n\nR
 eference\n1.    A. Joobeur\, B. E. A. Saleh and M. C. Teich\, “Spatiotem
 poral coherence properties of entangled light beams generated by parametri
 c down-conversion\,” Phys. Rev. A 50(4)\, 3349-3363 (1994).\n2.    K. Jh
 a and R.W. Boyd. “Spatial two-photon coherence of the entangled field pr
 oduced by down-conversion using a partially spatially coherent pump beam\,
 ” Phys. Rev. A 81\, 013828 (2012).\n3.    E. A. Saleh\, A. F. Abouraddy\
 , A.V. Sergienko\, and M. C. Teich\, “Duality between partial coherence 
 and partial entanglement\,” Phys. Rev. A 62\, 043816 (2000).\n\nhttps://
 events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6301/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6301/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Towards implementation/development of the state-of- the-art electr
 on spectrometer capability at iThemba LABS
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6302@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Abraham Avaa (Wits/iThemba)\nAn electron spectromete
 r that implement a Si(Li) detector for the detection of internal conversio
 n electrons and a combination of LaBr3 detectors for the detection of coin
 cident decays is undergoing development at iThemba LABS\, South Africa. Fo
 r optimization of measurements with the electron spectrometer\, electron c
 alibration sources (207Bi and 133Ba) are used in the measurements of energ
 y and momentum resolution of the Si(Li) detectors. Other parameters such a
 s transmission and efficiency which are used in describing the performance
  of electron spectrometer\, are also determined during the characterizatio
 n measurements. Lifetime measurements which provide crucial information ne
 eded for the measurement of E0 matrix elements will be performed using LaB
 r3 detectors. Electron energy versus magnet current calibration was done b
 y varying the lens current repeatedly to ensure reproducibility. Character
 ization measurements are presented and discussed for the purpose of commis
 sioning the electron spectrometer for the study of 0+ states at iThemba LA
 BS. \nKeywords: Electron spectrometer\, internal conversion electrons\, co
 incident decays\, electron energy\, magnetic current.\n\nhttps://events.sa
 ip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6302/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6302/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Multi-TeV flaring from blazars: Markarian 421 as a case study
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6303@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Luis Salvador Miranda Palacios (University of Johann
 esburg)\nThe TeV blazar Markarian 421 underwent multi- TeV flaring during 
 April 2004 and simultaneously obser- vations in the X-ray and TeV energies
  were made. It was observed that the TeV outbursts had no counterparts in 
 the lower energy range. One implication of this is that it might be an orp
 han flare. We show that Fermi-accelerated protons of energy ≤168 TeV can
  interact with the low energy tail of the background synchrotron self-Comp
 ton photons in the inner region of the blazar to produce the multi-TeV fla
 re and our results fit very well with the observed spectrum. Based on our 
 study\, we predict that the blazars with a deep valley in between the end 
 of the synchrotron spectrum and the begin- ning of the SSC spectrum are po
 ssible candidates for orphan flaring. Future possible candidates for this 
 scenario are the HBLs Mrk 501 and PG 1553 + 113 objects.\n\nhttps://events
 .saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6303/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6303/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Photon strength function studies at iThemba LABS – latest develo
 pments
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T082000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6310@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mathis Wiedeking (iThemba LABS)\nAn incredible wealt
 h of information can be obtained from investigations of the low-energy tai
 l of the Giant Electric Dipole Resonance. The Photon Strength Function (PS
 F)\, which represents the ability of nuclear matter to absorb and emit pho
 tons\, is one of the quantities that is used successfully to extract reson
 ance features in the region of the quasi-continuum.  The PSF is one of the
  input parameters for calculations of nuclear cross sections and reaction 
 rates relevant to astrophysical processes which are invoked to explain the
  origin of elements heavier than iron. \nIn this talk I will focus on the 
 experimental work to study the gamma-ray decay from the region of high-lev
 el density at iThemba LABS. In particular I will discuss the latest develo
 pments which include the world’s first measurement using inverse kinemat
 ic reactions to study the PSF\, as well as the significant enhancement of 
 our experimental capabilities which will lay the foundation for future hig
 h-impact measurements.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contribution
 s/6310/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6310/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Deposition time effect on the structural\, optical and morphologic
 al properties of chemically synthesized PbS thin films
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6304@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Fekadu Gashaw Hone (University of the Free State)\nL
 ead sulphide thin films were deposited on glass substrates by facial chemi
 cal bath deposition method at a pH of 13 and cationic concentration 0.2 M.
  Four samples were prepared by employing different deposition times and th
 e deposited thin films were uniform\, well adherent and grey in color. Ene
 rgy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy\, Scanning electron microscopy\, X-ray d
 iffraction\, Spectrophotometer  were used to study the effect of depositio
 n time on the physical and chemical properties of PbS thin films. The X-ra
 y diffraction analysis revealed that the deposited PbS thin films were pol
 ycrystalline in nature and the grains were grown along the (111) plane. Th
 e grain sizes calculated from FWHM were found to increase where as the str
 ain and dislocation density were found to decrease as deposition time incr
 eased from 20 to 50 min.  The elemental compositions study reviled that no
  significant change was observed on the stoichiometric nature of the mater
 ial due to variation of deposition time. The SEM micrograph observation re
 viled that the thin films cover the substrate without any crake and voids.
   The optical study showed that the optical band gap of PbS thin films dec
 reased almost linearly while deposition time increased. \n\nKey words: Lea
 d sulphide\, Grain sizes\, Chemical bath deposition and Polycrystalline\n\
 nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6304/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6304/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Security proof of a generic three party Quantum Key Distribution p
 rotocol
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6305@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Comfort Sekga (Department of Physics and Astronomy\,
  Botswana International University fo Science and Technology\, Private Bag
  16 Palapye\, Botswana)\, Mhlambululi Mafu (Botswana International Univers
 ity of Science and Technology)\nQuantum cryptography or more specifically 
 Quantum key distribution (QKD) is the emerging technology that has shown t
 o be provably secure for transmitting messages between the communicating p
 arties. The security of a QKD protocol is mainly based on the laws of quan
 tum mechanics. In this work\, we present a simple security proof for a thr
 ee party generic QKD protocol. The protocol is implemented using the GHZ s
 tates and each party has to perform a single particle measurement either o
 n the computational basis or the Hadamard basis. The security analysis of 
 our protocol is based on the collective attacks and we used one way inform
 ation reconciliation and privacy amplification to extract the key.  Eve's 
 information is conditioned on the random variable V\, which provide all th
 e projective measurements on the density operator ρ_ABC. The value obtain
 ed for the error bound is ϵ≈0.031.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/
 91/contributions/6305/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6305/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Spectral analysis of Fermi-LAT Gamma-ray bursts with known redshif
 t and their potential use as cosmological standard candles
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6306@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Feraol F. Dirirsa (University of Johannesburg)\nLong
  duration Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) may serve as new standard candles to con
 strain cosmological parameters by probing the Hubble diagram well beyond t
 he range of redshift currently accessible using type-Ia supernovae. The st
 andardization of GRBs is based on relations which correlate two or more pa
 rameters\, found from gamma-ray spectral modelling of which one is strongl
 y dependent on the cosmological model. Amati et al. (2002) relation in par
 ticular is between the source rest frame energy (Ei\,p) at which the promp
 t gamma-ray spectral energy distribution peaks and the isotropic-equivalen
 t bolometric energy (Eiso). We built a sample of 25 long GRBs (LGRBs) with
  known redshift\, which have been detected by the Fermi GBM and LAT instru
 ments in eight years of operations (2008 - 2016). We derive Ei\,p and Eiso
  for these LGRBs using the GBM and LAT data in joint spectral fits\, often
  requiring multiple components\, thus extending the computation of Eiso to
  the GeV range. Our results show that LGRBs detected by Fermi-LAT with sig
 nificant GeV emission are consistent with the Amati relation and further e
 nhance the possible use of GRBs as cosmological standard candles.\n\nhttps
 ://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6306/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6306/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The Cosmology of Gravitational Scalar-Tensor Theories
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6307@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Heba Abdulrahman (North West University\, South Afri
 ca)\nRecent developments in observational cosmology and astronomy (such as
 \nthe apparent discovery of the accelerated expansion of the Universe and 
 the\nexistence of dark matter) have put theoretical physics in general and
  cosmology in particular into crisis. In this thesis\, we introduce a deta
 iled review of Einstein’s theory of general relativity by which standard
  cosmology based on.\nWe present the challenges to Einstein theory of grav
 ity and the difficulties of the current theoretical cosmology in explainin
 g the accelerated expansion of the\nUniverse. Although General Relativity 
 Theory (GR) is a generalization of Newtonian Gravity in the presence of st
 rong gravitational fields\, there is no properly defined Newtonian limit o
 f (GR) on cosmological scales. Recently\, general relativistic quasi-Newto
 nian cosmologies have been studied in the context of large scale structure
  formation and nonlinear gravitational collapse in the late-time\nUniverse
 . This despite the general covariant inconsistency of these cosmological m
 odels except in some special cases such as the spatially homogeneous and i
 sotropic\, spherically symmetric\, expanding (FLRW) spacetimes. Higher-ord
 er\ngravitational theories\, such as f (R) models\, have been shown to exh
 ibit more shared properties with Newtonian gravitation than does GR. In th
 is work\, we study the existence and integrability conditions of quasi-New
 tonian cosmological spacetimes in Scalar-Tensor theories of gravitation. W
 e will also derive the\ncovariant density and velocity perturbations of su
 ch models and analyze the corresponding solutions.\n\nhttps://events.saip.
 org.za/event/91/contributions/6307/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6307/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Evolution of the Yukawa couplings in 5-dimensions for an SU(3) gau
 ge group
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T082000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6308@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alan Cornell (NITheP)\nWe explicitly test\, in a sim
 plified 5-dimensional model with an SU(3) gauge symmetry\, the evolution o
 f the Yukawa couplings. We assume that all the matter fields are propagati
 ng in the bulk\, and consider orbifolds based on Abelian discrete groups w
 hich lead to 5-dimensional gauge theories compactified on an S1/Z2 . The Y
 ukawa couplings evolution is derived at one-loop level and used to test th
 e impact on lower energy observables.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/
 91/contributions/6308/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6308/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Ensemble Estimation of Network Parameters: A Tool to Improve the R
 eal-time Estimation of GICs in the South African Power Network
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6309@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Michael Heyns (UCT/SANSA)\nLarge grounded conducting
  networks on the surface of Earth\, such as power lines or pipelines\, hav
 e long been known to be affected by solar activity and subsequent geomagne
 tic storms. With the increased use of electrical technologies\, society ha
 s become more and more dependent on electrical power and power networks. T
 hese power networks form extensive grounded conductors which are susceptib
 le to geomagnetically induced currents (GICs). \n    GICs at any specific 
 node in a power network are assumed to be linearly related to the horizont
 al vector components of an induced plane-wave geoelectric field by a pair 
 of network parameters. The network parameters are not easily measured in t
 he network\, but may be estimated empirically. In this work\, we present a
  new approach of using an ensemble of network parameters estimates. The en
 sembles include a huge number of parameter pair estimates calculated from 
 simultaneously solving pairs of time instances of the governing GIC equati
 on. Each individual estimate is not the true state of the system\, but a p
 ossible state. Taking the ensemble as a whole though gives the most probab
 le parameter estimate. The most probable parameter estimate for both netwo
 rk parameters\, as defined by their respective ensembles\, is used directl
 y in the modelling of GICs. The ensembles themselves however allow for fur
 ther analysis into the nature of GICs.\n    An improvement is seen when co
 mparing the out-of-sample performance of the ensemble estimates with previ
 ous GIC modelling in the South African power network during the Halloween 
 Storm of 2003. For the first time\, it is shown that errors in the GIC mod
 elling chain are absorbed into the network parameter estimates. Using a ra
 nge of estimates from the ensemble\, a GIC prediction band is produced. Th
 is band corresponds to an error estimate for predicted GIC. Furthermore\, 
 it has been explicitly shown for the first time that estimated network par
 ameters vary with GIC magnitude during an event. This behaviour is then us
 ed to refine the parameter estimation further and allow for real time dyna
 mic network parameter estimation.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/c
 ontributions/6309/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6309/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Establishment of Methods for Spatial Resolution Assessment in Digi
 tal Neutron Radiography and Tomography Facilities
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T103000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T105000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6322@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mabuti Jacob Radebe Radebe (Necsa)\nDigital neutron 
 radiography and tomography analytic techniques have found applications ran
 ging from quality assurance to research because of the unique nature of in
 teraction of neutron with materials. These radiation based imaging analyti
 cal techniques have gained acceptance because they are non-destructive and
  their output are radiographs or tomograms in real space. Neutron Radiogra
 phy facilities provide results which lead to quality related decision maki
 ng or diagnosis of an abnormality – therefore it is necessary to qualify
  the performance of the setup. Spatial resolution has been identified as o
 ne of the important key factors for characterization of the performance of
  radiography and tomography setups. It can be assessed using discrete and 
 continuous test objects\, as well as using statistical correlation methods
 . \n\nThis contribution assesses and adapts methods for evaluation of the 
 spatial resolution of radiography and tomography facilities through the de
 sign of test objects\, experimental protocol\, data post processing and an
 alysis procedures. Spatial resolution characterization methods which are a
 ssessed and adapted are Discrete Spatial Resolution Method (SSRM)\, Modula
 tion Transfer Function (MTF)\, Fourier Ring correlation (FRC) and Spectral
  Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SSNR).\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/cont
 ributions/6322/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6322/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A New Simplified Spatial Resolution Criterion to Obtain the MTF Cu
 rve From Edge Analysis in the Real Space
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T132000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T134000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6323@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mabuti Jacob Radebe Radebe (Necsa)\nDigital neutron 
 imaging (radiography and tomography) is a powerful non-destructive analyti
 cal tool and has demonstrated its importance in industrial and research ap
 plications world-wide. The standardization process\, to certify digital th
 ermal neutron imaging as a standard practice in industry\, entails standar
 dized performance characterization methods. Spatial resolution is one of t
 he key performance indicators of the digital neutron imaging instrument. K
 nowing the spatial resolution of an imaging system is essential for the ac
 curacy of dimensional measurements. \n\nThere are standards for digital im
 aging like the ISO 12233: 2014 on spatial resolution and spatial frequency
  responses\, which is also applicable to digital neutron radiography provi
 ded adjustment of some limiting criteria is performed. This standard appli
 es edge analysis through the modulation transfer function (MTF) method. Th
 e modulation transfer function analysis is conducted in the Fourier domain
 \, which some operators find cumbersome and in addition it does not provid
 e information about the resolution sharpness of the system. The current wo
 rk provides a simpler and unambiguous edge analysis method conducted in th
 e same domain as the image information. It establishes a criterion for edg
 e analysis in the spatial domain and compares the results to MTF according
  to ISO 12233: 2014. The use of Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) on the l
 ine spread function (LSF) is discouraged and the limitation of the 10% - 9
 0% on the edge spread function (ESF) to only estimate resolution limit at 
 10% MTF is overcome through the criterion established in this work. This c
 riterion produces a full MTF curve from 0% to 100% MTF values from the edg
 e analysis in the same domain as the image.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/
 event/91/contributions/6323/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6323/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Effects of irradiation energy and fluence on the optical absorbanc
 e of silver implanted amorphous carbon thin films
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6324@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Abdulsalam Ismaila (Wits)\, Franscious Cummings (Uni
 versity of the Western Cape)\, Shunmugan\, R Naidoo (DST-NRF Centre of Exc
 ellence in Strong Materials\,University of the Witwatersrand\, Wits)\nAn i
 nitial investigation of the optical properties of silver doped amorphous c
 arbon films is presented in this study. The effects of alternate variation
 s of irradiation energies and fluences in relation to the surface plasmon 
 resonance (SPR) were studied. The study exhibits that the shifts in energy
  and fluences suggested a change in the overall optical absorbance and con
 sequently on the plasmonic properties of the thin films.\n\nhttps://events
 .saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6324/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6324/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Study of solitons in plasmas based on Vlasov simulation approach
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T122000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6325@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Seyyed Mehdi Hosseini Jenab (North-West University)\
 nSolitons\, as the first phenomena discovered in nonlinear physics\, has p
 layed a decisive role in the study of nonlinear structures. They show two 
 interesting and distinctive properties\, including propagation without alt
 eration in their features and stability against mutual collisions. In plas
 ma physics ion-acoustic solitons (IASs) has been the forefront of the nonl
 inear plasma research field. Here\, we are presenting the results of our s
 tudies on IASs based on a fully kinetic approach\, i.e. utilizing Poisson-
 Vlasov set of equations to follow the temporal evolution of the plasma spe
 cies\, namely electrons and ions.\n\nOur studies have proven that IASs con
 tinue to show their two major properties even when kinetic effects\, mainl
 y electron trapping\, are present. Furthermore\, our study has investigate
 d the process of mutual collisions of IASs on the kinetic level by showing
  the temporal evolution of distribution functions\, for the first time. Th
 ese resulted in new understanding of solitons behavior during collision. A
 lthough on fluid level\, the collision process is independent of the relat
 ive velocity of solitons\, relative velocity plays an important role in th
 e final combination of the trapped population on the kinetic level. For ov
 er-taking collisions\, the two solitons exchange certain amount of their t
 rapped populations. However\, for head-on collisions\, the two solitons tr
 ap some portion of each others trapped population. Moreover\, if the relat
 ive-velocity is small enough\, solitons repel each other due to the overal
 l charges they carry because of their trapped electrons.\n\nhttps://events
 .saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6325/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6325/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A semi-classical and quantum mechanical analysis of Four-Wave-Mixi
 ng in an ensemble of Rubidium atoms
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6326@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kessie Govender (Cape Peninsula University of Techno
 logy)\, Meena Patel (Cape Peninsula University of Technology)\nEntangled p
 hotons are an essential ingredient in quantum information and quantum comp
 uting systems. We are currently investigating entangled photon generation 
 via  four-wave-mixing using a diamond configuration formed by four levels 
 in Rubidium. Two pump laser  beams of different wavelengths drive the atom
 s from a ground state |1> to an excited state |3> via an intermediate stat
 e |2>. The atoms then return to the ground state via another intermediate 
 state |4>. The resonant interaction between the various levels results in 
 the generation of two additional correlated photon beams referred to as id
 ler and signal photons. The characteristics of these additional photons ar
 e studied.\n\nAs a precursor to the experimental work we perform a theoret
 ical and computational analysis using\,  initially\, a semi-classical mode
 l where the atom is quantized\, while the photons are treated classically.
  Using perturbation analysis we solve for the higher order density matrix 
 elements\, from which we determine the higher order atomic polarization. T
 his is then used in Maxwell’s equations to determine the intensities of 
 the idler and signal photons. Results of the intensities of the additional
  photons and the population of the various levels\, as a function of detun
 ing of the pump lasers\, are presented.  The analysis is then extended to 
 include a full quantum mechanical analysis\, where the photons are describ
 ed by the annihilation and creation operators.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.
 za/event/91/contributions/6326/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6326/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Monitoring of grid-integrated photovoltaic systems comprising diff
 erent solar cell technology type
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6327@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Akhona Yaso (NMMU)\nThis paper addresses the monitor
 ing of four Photovoltaic (PV) systems that comprise different technologies
  and are grid-connected.  The main outcome of the study is to obtain an in
 sight into the power generation and performance of PV systems in an embedd
 ed generation environment. This study is based on operational systems at t
 he Outdoor Research Facility (ORF) on the NMMU South Campus. These are AC-
 coupled systems that form part of the embedded generation reference networ
 k established at NMMU.  The purpose of the network is to monitor all PV sy
 stems aspects operating under the same environmental conditions.  The four
  systems analysed are\; a) 3.2 kWp polycrystalline Si\, b) 1.36 kWp copper
  indium diselenide (CIS)\, c) 1.41 kWp monocrystalline Si and\, d) 1.32 kW
 p Cadmium telluride (CdTe).  The custom-designed and constructed data logg
 ing systems measure AC and DC parameters to evaluate the performance param
 eters of each PV array and inverter. The measured data facilitates analysi
 s of performance and energy yield\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/c
 ontributions/6327/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6327/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Latest Results from the XENON1T Experiment
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T082000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6328@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jacques Pienaar (Purdue University)\nXENON1T is a tw
 o-phase xenon TPC for the direct detection of dark matter. The target mass
  is 2 tons of liquid xenon. The detector was commissioned in the middle of
  2016\, and completed its first science run in January 2017. During the sc
 ience run the detector has achieved the world’s lowest background among 
 comparable experiments. This talk will present the detector performance\, 
 calibration\, and background studies which are paving the way towards the 
 world's most sensitive dark matter search\, and present the results of the
  first science run.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6
 328/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6328/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Effect of Sm doping on the structural and optical properties of Zn
 O nanorods grown by chemical bath deposition
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6329@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: MUSTAFA AHMED (MAM AHMED)\nRecently\, one-dimensiona
 l (1D) semiconductor such as nanowires\, nanobelts\, nanorods and nanotube
 s have attracted much interest due to their unique properties and potentia
 l use in a wide range of device such as single electron transistor [1]\, p
 hotodiodes [2] and sensing applications [3]. 1D structures of ZnO with a w
 ide band gap (3.37 eV) and large exciton energy (60 meV) at room temperatu
 re have been studied intensively [4]. The electrical and optical propertie
 s of ZnO can be enhanced by doping it with some cations. For example\, rar
 e-earth (RE) elements are usually used as a cations in some of the host ma
 terials\, due to their high fluorescence efficiencies [5]. Here\, we repor
 t on the synthesis and characterization of RE samarium (Sm) doped ZnO nano
 rods with doping concentration ranging from 0 to 8 at.%. These nanorods we
 re synthesized and deposited on an indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates using
  chemical bath deposition method at low temperature (85 - 90) ° C. The as
 -synthesised ZnO and Sm doped ZnO were characterized at room temperature u
 sing X-ray diraction spectroscopy (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (
 SEM). Results from XRD pattern and SEM revealed that the ZnO nanords have 
 the wurtzite crystal structure. Furthermore\, results from photoluminescen
 ce spectroscopy\, UV-visible spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy as well a
 s X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy will be described in more detail.\n\nRe
 ferences\n[1] F Vetrone J B and Capobianco J A 2005 Adv. Mater 16 14\n[2] 
 Wang R X Yan Z H L W J H B X W Q P and Angew Y D 2005 Chem. Int. Ed 44 605
 4\n[3] LF Dong Z C and Zhang Z 1997 Nano. Struct. Mater 8 815\n[4] G C Yi 
 C W and Park W 2005 Semicond. Sci. Technol. 20 22\n[5] D K Sharma K S and 
 Kumar V 2016 J. Mater. Sci: MaterElectron 27 10330\n\nhttps://events.saip.
 org.za/event/91/contributions/6329/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6329/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Structure of magnetic turbulence at 1 AU
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6330@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Renier Burger (North-West University)\nAnalysis of t
 urbulence data\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6330/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6330/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The Wigner distribution function in characterising general optical
  fields of varying coherence
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T122000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6331@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Prince Mredlana (Student)\nThe coherence of optical 
 fields is a defining factor in how they are represented and characterised\
 , in this work we employ the Wigner Distribution Function (WDF) for a gene
 ralized optical field characterisation method.  We characterize a Gaussia
 n-Schell model partially coherent beam by determining the beam width\, div
 ergence\, curvature and beam quality factor of the pure field from the mut
 ual correlation function and its corresponding WDF. The beam is digitally 
 encoded using an SLM. The WDF is a space-frequency representation and in t
 he spatial domain\, we find comparable accuracy between the parameters obt
 ained using the pure optical field and the WDF.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org
 .za/event/91/contributions/6331/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6331/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Creating and Optimizing a Sky Tessellation Algorithm for Direction
 -Dependent effects
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6333@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Antonio Peters (Rhodes University MSc Student)\nWith
  the promise of the SKA comes multiple challenges in terms of capturing an
 d cleaning the data. One part of this involves breaking up or tessellating
  an image so that it can be cleaned of noise for better analysis. While me
 thods to do this are currently in circulation\, more can be done to ensure
  the results are as accurate as possible and are obtained as quickly as po
 ssible.\n\nThis research seeks to improve the current best tessellation mo
 del for correcting the noise and do so in an optimal way with specialised 
 hardware. To achieve these aims a novel algorithm is created and tested to
  generate the tessellation more effectively than the current best model. I
 n order to increase the calculation speeds\, part of this algorithm is the
 n parallelised for processing on a GPU.\n\nThe tessellation algorithm gene
 rated for this research is more effective than the current best model in g
 eneral. Through accelerating parts of the algorithm on a GPU\, speed-ups o
 f up to 39.96x are obtained for tessellations generated from 1000 data sou
 rces.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6333/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6333/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The effects of space weather and the solar cycle on the South Afri
 can climate
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6341@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Renier Hough (North-West University)\nIn this resear
 ch project\, aspects of the cosmoclimatology theory are tested for a South
  African context. It has been suggested that cosmic rays may contribute to
  the production of condensation nuclei that are needed for cloud formation
 . To test this\, since cloud production could have an effect on temperatur
 e\, rainfall\, and hours of daily sunlight\, the periodicities in these lo
 cally measured quantities are analyzed. These periodicities are compared t
 o those found in sunspot numbers\, local neutron monitor counts\, and tota
 l solar irradiance\, as indicators of space weather and the solar cycle.  
 Lastly\, it is determined whether a linear correlation exists between thes
 e climate and space weather indicators. This should provide some estimate 
 of the importance of space weather in changes of local climate conditions.
 \n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6341/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6341/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Trigger and Data Acquisition systems readout architecture of the T
 ile PreProcessor Demonstrator for the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter phase-II upgr
 ades.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T122000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6334@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Dingane Hlaluku (Student)\nThe LHC has planned a ser
 ies of upgrades culminating  in the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) which wil
 l have an average luminosity 5-7 times larger than the nominal Run-2 value
 . The ATLAS Tile Calorimeter (TileCal) will undergo an upgrade (phase-II) 
 to accommodate the HL-LHC parameters. The TileCal both on and off-detector
  electronics will be completely redesigned and a new Trigger and Data Acqu
 isition (TDAQ) system readout architecture will be adopted for this upgrad
 es.  With this new readout strategy\, the front-end electronics will trans
 mit readout data for every bunch crossing (25 ns) to the first element of 
 the back-end electronics viz. the Tile PreProcessors (TilePPr). The TilePP
 r is a high-performance double AMC board based on FPGA resources and QSFP 
 modules. This board has been designed in the framework of the ATLAS TileCa
 l Demonstrator project for the phase-II upgrades as the first stage for th
 e back-end electronics. The TilePPr will provide an interface path for the
  readout\, configuration\, control and monitoring of the front-end electro
 nics\, and will send calibrated information to the ATLAS Level 0 trigger s
 ystem for trigger  decision. A single TileCal drawer module commissioned w
 ith the phase-II upgrade electronics is to be inserted into the real detec
 tor to evaluate and qualify the new readout and trigger concepts in the ov
 erall ATLAS TDAQ system.This new drawer\, so-called Hybrid Demonstrator\, 
 must provide an analog trigger signal for backward compatibility with the 
 current system. This Demonstrator drawer has been inserted into a TileCal 
 module prototype to evaluate the performance in the lab.  In parallel\, on
 e more TileCal module has been instrumented with two other front-end elect
 ronics options based on custom ASICs (QIE and FATALIC) which are under eva
 luation.  These two modules equipped with the Phase-II upgrade electronics
  together with three other modules instrumented with  the current system e
 lectronics were exposed to  different particles  and energies in three tes
 t-beam campaigns during 2015 and 2016.This contribution will describe in d
 etail the various components of the TDAQ infrastructure of the upgrade spe
 cific electronics\, and some preliminary results from the test beam campai
 gns.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6334/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6334/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:CHARACTERIZATION OF URANIUM-THORIUM WASTE
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6335@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Phathutshedzo Murovhi (NECSA)\nDeclaration of uraniu
 m and thorium isotopic content is of utmost importance in safeguard and IA
 EA agency including the uranium enrichment. Gamma spectroscopy is currentl
 y the most preferred methodology in safeguards due to none destructive nat
 ure. Historical 360 L drums that cannot be characterized using the IQ-3 dr
 um scanner have become a challenge not only by size but also by density\, 
 and weight. ISOCS (In Situ Objective Counting System) has profoundly becom
 e the only solution\; however\, what is the total uncertainty of the measu
 rements? With application of gamma spectroscopy what is the uncertainty di
 stribution? What version of MGA-U can offer reliable enrichment data for s
 uch combination of vital safeguarded materials?\nKeywords: Uranium\, Thori
 um\, Safeguards\, IAEA\, Gamma spectroscopy\, ISOCS\, MGA-U\n\nhttps://eve
 nts.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6335/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6335/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The influence of neutron radiation damage on the optical propertie
 s of polystyrene based scintillator UPS 923A
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6336@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Skhathisomusa Mthembu (University of the Witwatersra
 nd)\nPlastic scintillators are vital in the reconstruction of hadronic par
 ticle energy and tracks resulting from the collision of high energy partic
 les in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. These plastic scintillator
 s are exposed to harsh radiation environments and are susceptible to radia
 tion damage. The effects of radiation damage on the transmittance\, lumine
 scence and light yield of polystyrene-based scintillator UPS-923A are stud
 ied at higher fluences\, with the possibility of comparison with other new
  radiation hard materials. Samples are irradiated with fast neutrons\, of 
 varying energies and fluences\, using the IBR- 2 reactor FLNP (Frank Labor
 atory of Nuclear Problems) at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. Re
 sults show the effect of neutron irradiation damage on the plastics\, and 
 their relative radiation hardness.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/
 contributions/6336/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6336/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:New B(2+1| E2 |0+1) value in 20Ne: mitigating an old challenge wit
 h rotor model
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6337@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Senamile Masango (Student)\nThe highly-efficient and
  segmented TIGRESS HPGe γ array at TRIUMF permits accurate Coulomb-excita
 tion studies of the high-lying 2+1 states found in light nuclei with even 
 number of protons and neutrons. A Coulomb-excitation measurement of 20Ne p
 rojectiles at safe energies has been carried out with the 110Pd(20Ne\,20Ne
 )110Pd reaction at 64.7 MeV. A larger reduced transition probability of B(
 E2\; 2+1 to 0+1 ) = 26:5 plus or minus 1:7 W.u. has been determined in dis
 agreement with the accepted value and mean-field calculations. This larger
  B(E2\; 2+1 to 0+1 ) mitigates\, however\,previous discrepancies with the 
 rotational model of Bohr and Mottelson.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/even
 t/91/contributions/6337/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6337/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Energy scale validation and inter calibration of the ATLAS TileCal
  using 2015 and 2016 cosmic rays data
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6338@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kehinde Tomiwa (University of the Witwatersrand)\nTh
 e ATLAS experiment records data from the proton-proton collisions produced
  by the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The Tile Calorimeter is the hadronic 
 sampling calorimeter of ATLAS in the region |η| < 1.7. It uses iron absor
 bers and scintillators as the active material. Cosmic ray data are used to
  validate the energy scale and inter-calibration between different layers 
 and regions of the Tile calorimeter. The cosmic data collected in 2015-201
 7 are used in this study.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contribut
 ions/6338/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6338/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Reconstruction of missing energy in event with two photons in ATLA
 S detector at the Large hadron collider.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6339@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kehinde Tomiwa (University of the Witwatersrand)\nTh
 e missing transverse momentum in the ATLAS experiment is the momentum imba
 lance in the plane transverse to the beam axis. That is the resultant of t
 he negative vectorial sum of the momenta of all particles that are involve
 d in the proton-proton collision. A precise measurement of the missing tra
 nsverse energy is essential for many physics studies at the LHC\, such as 
 Higgs boson measurements\, as well as for searches of physics beyond the S
 tandard Model. The reconstruction of missing energy is sensitive to the pr
 esence of additional collisions\, usually referred to as pile-up. A new me
 thod is being used to reduce the effect of pileup events in ATLAS experime
 nt. This presentation describes the performance of missing energy in respe
 ct to the improvement of vertex methods in ATLAS experiment.\n\nhttps://ev
 ents.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6339/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A404
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6339/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:NMISA Radioactivity services for industry
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6340@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Milton van Rooy (NMISA)\nThe Radioactivity Standards
  (RS) Section of the National Metrology Institute of South Africa (NMISA) 
 provides traceability to the national measurement standard for radioactivi
 ty through various services offered to the nuclear industry. Services are 
 mainly performed through our calibrated secondary instruments comprised of
  an ionization chamber\, a High-Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector and a com
 mercial liquid scintillation counter. With these instruments\, activity me
 asurements of radionuclides in various geometries of liquid or solid form 
 can be performed\, with typical uncertainties between 1 % and 10 %. We als
 o provide primary measurement services with greater accuracy and smaller u
 ncertainty. A summary of these services is provided.\n \nIonization chambe
 r measurements are mostly employed for the nuclear medicine industry where
  accurate activity measurements of radionuclides used for calibrations/dia
 gnostics/treatment is required. These radionuclides include I-131\, Mo-99\
 , Tc-99m\, F-18\, Ga-67\, Co-57\, Fe-59\, Cs-137 and Lu-177. Using radioac
 tive standards\, hospital dose calibrator performance checks can also be p
 erformed at hospitals and new calibration factors determined if required. 
 Calibration factors in various geometries can also be determined.\n\nLow l
 evel activity measurements of environmental samples are performed via gamm
 a-ray spectroscopy with the HPGe detector. Samples are most commonly analy
 sed for the following radionuclides: Co-60\, Cs-134\, Cs-137 (in milk\, wa
 ter\, black mussels/ fish\, green leafy vegetables\, grass\, soil\, sedime
 nt and sewage) and I-131 in milk. The HPGe detector is also used to measur
 e radioactivity in consumer products.\n\nLow level beta and alpha emission
  is measured with the commercial liquid scintillation counter\, primarily 
 pure beta-emitters such as H-3 in fresh surface water\, C-14 and Sr-90 in 
 milk.\n\nIn addition\, radioactive sources (for detector calibration or ex
 periments) can be prepared in various geometries such as point sources\, M
 arinelli beakers and ampoules\, through accurate weighing.\n\nThrough our 
 primary measurement techniques known as 4πβγ coincidence counting and t
 he triple-to-double coincidence ratio (TDCR) method we can perform high ac
 curacy and high precision measurements with small uncertainties\, usually 
 below 1 %.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6340/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6340/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Atomistic simulation studies of Lithium intercalation into amorpho
 us structure of TiO2 nanoporous
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6342@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Malili Matshaba (University of Limpopo)\nDue to its 
 wide band gap Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has variety of applications such as 
 photo-catalysis\, dye sensitized\, energy storage\, etc. In this work amor
 phous nanoporous structure of TiO2 consisting of 15 972 atoms has been gen
 erated and lithiated with different concentration of Lithium atoms for Lit
 hium ion batteries (LIB). Amorphisation and re-crystallisation technique w
 as employed to attain Li-TiO2 nanoporous and its microstructures. Molecula
 r dynamics simulation has been performed to crystallise all intercalated n
 anoporous using the computer code DL_Poly. Lithiated nanoporous structures
  was annealed to 0 K. Microstructures reveal Li atoms on the surface entra
 nce sites and on channel of the structure\, which makes the material a goo
 d anode material for LIB. It also indicate that nanoporous can store and t
 ransport Li atoms during charging and discharging. X-ray diffractions indi
 cate that our system has brookite and rutile phases which accord well with
  the experimental data.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributio
 ns/6342/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6342/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Rapidity evolution of observables at high energies using the gauss
 ian truncation
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6343@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Daniel Adamiak (University of Cape Town)\nToday\, th
 e biggest predictive uncertainties in the standard model arise from theore
 tical uncertainties in quantum-chromo-dynamics contributions to cross-sect
 ions measured at high-energy collider experiments. At high energies\, the 
 quantum-chromo-dynamics of particle collisions is well described through t
 he use of the colour-glass condensate. In this domain\, the interaction of
  coloured objects with the CGC medium is well explained through the use of
  path-ordered colour rotations\, called Wilson Lines\, as well as their co
 rrelators. The rapidity evolution of these correlators is given by the JIM
 WLK equation. However\, this leads to an infinite hierarchy of coupled dif
 ferential equations\, which are impossible to solve in a closed form and t
 runcations become necessary. The most common truncation relies on the larg
 e Nc limit\, which is relatively crude and subtly breaks gauge invariance.
  To get around this\, we can perform a gauge invariant truncation of this 
 hierarchy in the form of the gaussian truncation for the correlators of th
 ese Wilson lines. Initial comparison to HERA data for the total and rapidi
 ty gap cross-sections show a noticeable improvement in comparison to data 
 which only depend on the dipole correlator. We extend this method to incor
 porate observables that depend on more complicated correlators and present
  the machinery for how to compute their rapidity dependence with the gauss
 ian truncation.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6343/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6343/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Introduction to ellipsometry with a focus on use with terahertz ti
 me-domain spectroscopy
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6344@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Shane Smith (Laser Research Institute\, University o
 f Stellenbosch)\nEllipsometry is a spectroscopic technique with which one 
 can obtain both the refractive index and absorption coefficient of a sampl
 e by measuring the polarization resolved light reflected from it. This is 
 especially useful in situations where making use of a reference sample is 
 unwanted. Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy is a powerful spectroscopic t
 ool\, but terahertz radiation is strongly absorbed by water. Thus\, it is 
 near impossible to analyse a sample in an aqueous solution\, or any other 
 material that is optically dense to terahertz radiation\, in transmission.
  To examine such samples\, it would be preferable to work in reflection\, 
 but conventional reflection setups in the terahertz region are very diffic
 ult to construct due to the accuracy required in the positioning of a refe
 rence sample relative to the sample of interest. To circumvent this proble
 m\, we constructed a terahertz ellipsometer. On this poster\, we will be d
 iscussing the basics of ellipsometry and its implementation in conjunction
  with terahertz time-domain spectroscopy.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/ev
 ent/91/contributions/6344/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6344/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Controlling the spatial distribution of multiplexed modes
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6345@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nyiku Mahonisi (University of Witwatersrand)\nThe co
 mputer-controlled shaping of light beams using digital holography has trig
 gered the applications of these to a great variety of fields. Technologica
 l advances had provided with devices capable not only to generate almost a
 ny beam shape but also to multiplex multiple beams simultaneously. This pr
 operty has provided a new tool to explore novel fields. The idea behind mu
 ltiplexing is to encode each beam with a unique carrier frequency that in 
 the Fourier plane translates into beams positioned at different locations.
  Hence\, by controlling the carrier frequency of each beam it is possible 
 to selectively send beams to specific locations. In this work we first stu
 dy\, via a correlation function of the experimentally generated beam again
 st its theoretical counterpart\, the maximum number of beams that can be m
 ultiplexed. We then show how this principle can be applied to generate mul
 tiple beams arrayed in well-defined symmetrical positions. Ultimately\, th
 is technique will allow us to selectively excite certain regions with fabr
 icated Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers on a diamond sample towards the gener
 ation of novel SPDC crystals of great relevance in the generation of singl
 e photons for secure communication channels.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za
 /event/91/contributions/6345/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6345/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Synthesis and Characterization of Spherical Gold and Silver Nanopa
 rticles
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T132000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T134000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6346@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Akin Olaleru (University of Venda)\nSyntheses of gol
 d and silver nanoparticles have gained immense interest in the field of ap
 plied chemical research. This is because of the numerous and exciting phys
 ical and chemical properties of these nanomaterials. In this paper\, gold 
 nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared by citrate reduction method where by t
 risodium citrate acted as both reducing and capping agent\, while silver n
 anoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared using sodium borohydride as a reducing 
 agent\, with trisodium citrate as a capping agent. The optical properties 
 of the synthesized AuNPs and AgNPs were investigated by UV-Vis absorption 
 spectroscopy where the surface plasmon resonance peaks were recorded at ap
 proximately 520 nm and 400 nm for AuNPs and AgNPs respectively. Transmissi
 on Electron Microscope (TEM) was employed in checking the morphology of th
 e particles and size determination. For AuNPs the sizes were 14 nm\, 20 nm
  and 40 nm for the samples PS01\, PS02 and PS03\, respectively\, while for
  AgNPs they were 9.4 nm\, 12.4 nm\, 10.2 nm and 16.5nm for the samples PS0
 6 \,PS07\, PS08\, and PS09\, respectively. The surface charge of these nan
 oparticles was investigated by measuring the zeta potentials. The AuNPs we
 re found to be negatively charged. Also\, a study was performed to investi
 gate the influence of reducing agents concentration on size of AuNPs and f
 ound that high concentrations of citrate led to smaller size of AuNPs. App
 lication of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) in organic photovoltaic devices 
 is of considerable interest. Surface plasmon resonance in Ag NPs offers gr
 eat promise to enhance the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic so
 lar cells as it exhibits strong local field enhancement around the Ag NPs.
  The nanoparticle can increase light scattering and absorption in the orga
 nic film. \n\n\nKey words: Gold and Silver nanoparticles\, Surface plasmon
  resonance (SPR)\, zeta potentials\, organic photovoltaics (OPVs)\, power 
 conversion efficiency (PCE).\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contri
 butions/6346/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6346/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Correlation energy of a finite single chain lattice using a Harthr
 ee+Exchange approximation\, a Jastrow factor and a local density approxima
 tion
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6358@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kossi Amouzouvi (University of the Witwatersrand)\nW
 e perform a Hartree+Exchange approximation on a finite one dimensional lat
 tice of fractional particle number using the Hubbard Hamiltonian. The resu
 lting approximate Kohn-Sham ground state wavefunction is then acted on by 
 a Jastrow factor operator to retrieve the exact correlation energy and the
  interacting density that we use for a local density approximation (LDA) o
 f the correlation energy in two different ways. The first approach makes u
 se of the ensemble (fractional) density to get the energies and the second
  one interpolates the energies between integer particle numbers. An insigh
 t into the different results shows that the second approach is more promis
 ing and the underlying homogeneous energy density is suitable for applicat
 ions of LDA.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6358/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6358/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Implementation of the orthonormal Zernike-based polynomials in the
  Extended Nijboer-Zernike diffraction theory
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T122000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6348@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Cosmas Mafusire (University of Pretoria)\nThe Nijboe
 r-Zernike diffraction theory was devised to solve imaging problems in whic
 h the phase is represented as a linear combination of Zernike circle polyn
 omials. The extension of the theory to create the Extended Zernike-Nijboer
  (ENZ) theory gives an allowance for the analysis of imaging systems with 
 high numerical aperture and strong defocus. We investigate the implementat
 ion of circular Gaussian-Zernike-based polynomials in the ENZ theory in im
 aging systems with circular Gaussian pupils. The resulting semi-analytical
  model gives reasonably accurate results in the case of a diffraction-limi
 ted imaging system. The results show that the model allows for the simulat
 ion of weakly aberrated imaging systems\, specifically phase and intensity
  profiles\, axial intensity\, point spread functions and analysis of the f
 ocal volume through comparison with numerical calculations. The model has 
 potential use in simulating adaptive optics protocols in which the source 
 of light is nonuniform\, such as a laser. The model can also be used to ch
 aracterize a laser source by decomposing its beam’s point spread functio
 n to reveal the beam’s aberration composition.\n\nhttps://events.saip.or
 g.za/event/91/contributions/6348/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6348/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Construction of a terahertz time-domain ellipsometer
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6349@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Shane Smith (Physics Post Graduate Student)\nTeraher
 tz time-domain spectroscopy is a powerful spectroscopic tool. Due to the l
 ong wavelength of terahertz radiation\, it has a high penetration depth\, 
 thus allowing for high resolution at low intensity\, and low photon energy
 \, making it ideal for non-destructive spectroscopy. Normally terahertz sp
 ectroscopy is performed in transmission\, due to the simplicity of such a 
 setup and extracting information from the transmission data. Transmission 
 setups have limitations unfortunately. Terahertz radiation is strongly abs
 orbed by water and thus it is near impossible to analyse a sample in an aq
 ueous environment\, nor any other material that is optically dense to tera
 hertz radiation. To investigate such samples\, it would be preferable to w
 ork in reflection\, but conventional reflection setups in terahertz spectr
 oscope are very difficult to construct due to the accuracy required in the
  positioning of the reference sample relative the sample of interest in or
 der to ensure the reliability of the measurement. To circumvent this probl
 em\, we constructed an ellipsometer with no need for a reference sample.  
 In this talk we will be discussing the terahertz time-domain spectroscopic
  ellipsometer we have constructed\, as well as measurements performed with
  this setup.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6349/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6349/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Measurements of natural radioactivity in sands using an array of l
 anthanum -bromide scintillator detectors
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6350@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: M Bashir (Stellenbosch University and Ibrahim Badama
 si Babangida University)\nLaBr3:Ce detectors have been shown to be 1.2–1
 .65 times more efficient than NaI:Tl detectors above 350 keV\, for 3.8 cm
 ×3.8 cm (1.5 in.×1.5 in.) detectors  and have an energy resolution of 2.
 5–3% at the 662 keV gamma-line of 137Cs\, compared to 6–7% for NaI:Tl 
 detectors[1]. The detector crystal has other advantages such as a high sci
 ntillation light output with a fast decay time[2]. An array of 8 2in x 2in
  LaBr3(Ce) scintillators with an XIA PIXIE-16 Digital Signal Processing sy
 stem data acquisition system will be used to measure sands and KCl sample 
 placed in the centre (24cm from each detector)  of the array (with all det
 ectors lying in the horizontal plane) for 12 hours. The gamma-gamma coinci
 dence method has the advantage of virtually eliminating all background pea
 ks that do not exist in coincidence with other peaks\, significantly impro
 ving detection limits of useful radionuclides[3][4]. By employing a gamma-
 gamma coincidence condition\, the background from the radioisotopes in the
  LaBr3:Ce scintillator is eliminated\, providing a means for improving det
 ection limits[5]. The absolute gamma–ray energy detection efficiency of 
 each detector will be determined and compared. Data from each detector wil
 l be analyzed. The activity concentration of 238U\, 232Th and 40K in the s
 ands will be determined and compared to certified values.  Time-stamped da
 ta will be collected and then coincidence conditions between detectors set
  offline.  In this way this work can make a comparison between traditional
  single measurements and coincidence method.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za
 /event/91/contributions/6350/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6350/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Non-specialist lecture: Quantum measurement\, but not as you know 
 it
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6351@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hermann Uys (National Laser Centre\, CSIR)\nStandard
  courses in quantum mechanics focus teaching of quantum measurement on pro
 jective measurement of observables. Quantum theory\, however\, allows for 
 a much broader class of measurements known as Positive Operator Valued Mea
 sures.  Here we will discuss these generalized measurements\, laying speci
 fic emphasis on so-called unsharp measurements.  In particular\, we will s
 how that adding unsharp measurements to the toolbox of control protocols o
 f quantum experimenters can allow useful applications like real-time state
  estimation and feedback control\, noise protection of quantum systems\, a
 nd measurement of dynamical correlation functions.\n\nhttps://events.saip.
 org.za/event/91/contributions/6351/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6351/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Brown Dwarfs and Brown Dwarf stars: what is the difference and the
  observational evidence for the existence and presence of both in the Sola
 r System
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6377@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Claudia Albers (WITS university)\nBrown Dwarfs are s
 ub-stellar objects\, somewhat between gas giant planets and small stars.  
 Brown Dwarf Stars are the remains of a main sequence star that has gone th
 rough the white dwarf stage after releasing its outer layers of gas.  Thes
 e stars are therefore surrounded by clouds of ionised gas.  The Brown Dwar
 f Star stage is reached when the core of the once main sequence star\, no 
 longer emits large amounts of visible light and may only emit infrared rad
 iation.  In this paper\, I provide observational evidence for the existenc
 e and presence of both types of objects inside the Solar System.\n\nhttps:
 //events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6377/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6377/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The effects of primordial chemistry and streaming velocities on Po
 p III star formation
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6352@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Matthew Unterslak (Wits)\nIt is widely accepted that
  during the cosmic evolution three stellar populations can be differentiat
 ed. The earliest stars\, referred to as Pop III stars\, form at redshifts 
 (z) between 20 and 30. For those stars molecular hydrogen is dominant cool
 ing agent within the proto-stellar clouds typically leading  to giant star
 s with masses on the order of 100 Msun. These stars die quickly via supern
 ovae events\, polluting their local environment with metals\, which speeds
  up gas cooling\, leading to the formation of Pop II and Pop I stars. A se
 cond factor involved in the formation of the first stars is the effect of 
 the decoupling of the photons and baryonic matter at  z ~ 1020. This decou
 pling sets up a relative velocity between the dark matter and baryonic mat
 ter of ~ 30 km/s. Both processes have an impact on the formation time of t
 he first stars\, thereby altering the re-ionisation history of the Univers
 e which will be observed by the SKA radio telescope. I will discuss the mo
 deling of these two processes by state-of-the-art hydrodynamical simulatio
 ns and the model predictions for future observations of the re-ionisation 
 history of the Universe with the SKA.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/
 91/contributions/6352/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6352/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Multilepton signatures of BSM scalar bosons at the LHC
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6354@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mukesh Kumar (University of the Witwatersrand)\nWe s
 tudy the signature of beyond Standard Model (BSM) scalar bosons through mu
 lti-lepton final states. In here we consider H > Sh decay modes\, with mas
 s of BSM scalars 250 <= m_H <= 300 GeV and 140 <= m_S <= 160 GeV and the m
 ass of SM Higgs boson m_h = 125 GeV. In particular S and h allowed to deca
 y in all possible modes\, where we analyse only same/opposite - sign/flavo
 ur leptons for the study.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contribut
 ions/6354/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A404
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6354/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Experimental realisation of a magneto optical trap of Rb-85 – co
 ld atoms
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6355@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Yaseera Ismail (UKZN)\nMagneto-optical trapping (MOT
 ) is a standard tool for the creation of cold atom. The development of col
 d atom experiments has led to the advancement of many fields\, which inclu
 des high precision metrology [1]\, atomic and molecular physics [2\, 3] as
  well as atom optics [4]. Magneto- optical trapping is implemented by usin
 g the combination of on-resonant laser cooling techniques\, to provide a v
 elocity dependent force and magnetic trapping\, to provide a position depe
 ndent force. This allows for the confinement of atomic samples with a rela
 tively large number of atoms (108 atoms for a standard setup) at an extrem
 ely low temperature (in the μK range) in a locally small volume of space 
 [5].\n\nHere we present\,  the experimental realisation of a cold atom tra
 p in a MOT configuration\, which was implemented at the University of KwaZ
 ulu-Natal\, Quantum Research Group\, South Africa. It involves laser cooli
 ng and trapping of Rb-85 atoms by means of a three beam retro-reflected MO
 T. The experimental system comprises of the following sub-systems: a vacuu
 m system in which the cooling and trapping takes place in a 6 beam configu
 ration\, a laser system which provide the optical power for cooling\, a ma
 gnetic field which creates a trapping force for the atom and an imaging sy
 stem which can be used to determine the properties of the atomic cloud. An
  overview of these systems will be presented as well as the experimental r
 esults of creating  a MOT for trapping Rb-85 atoms.\n\nReferences\n[1] T. 
 Udem\, R. Holtzwarth\, and T. W. Hänsch\, Nature 416 233 (2002). \n[2] D.
  W. Sesko\, T. G. Walker\, and C. E. Wieman\, J. Opt. Soc. Am B. 8 946 (19
 90).\n[3] E. A. Donley\, N. R. Claussen\, S. T. Thompson and C. E. Wieman\
 , Nature 417 529 (2002)\n[4] I. G. Hughes\, P. A. Barton\, T. M. Roach\, M
 .G.Boshier and E. A. Hinds\, J. Phys. B. 30 647 (1997).\n[5] E. L. Raab\, 
 M. Prentiss\, A. Cable\, S. Chu and D. E. Pritchard\, Phys. Rev. Lett. 59 
 2631 (1987).\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6355/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6355/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The ‘Misconception’ of ‘Common Sense’:  An Introspective A
 pproach
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6356@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Marthinus Johannes Schwartz (University of Zululand)
 \nStudents’ introduction to physics is not devoid of prior schools of th
 ought\, where the students are the blank slates upon which the knowledge o
 f physics is inscribed. Students possess their own prerequisite theories\,
  concepts and intuition that have been extensively formed through their pe
 rsonal experience.  This prior system of thought that has been fashioned f
 rom personal experience will commonly construct conclusions that are diver
 gent from the academically accepted viewpoint of physics. These divergent 
 viewpoints share an assortment of terms in physics education being labelle
 d as preconceptions\, alternative conceptions\, misconceptions\, common se
 nse concepts and spontaneous knowledge. This prior established system of t
 hought is resilient to change\, where the student is not easily persuaded 
 to abound their common sense belief simply because it has been branded as 
 erroneous and exiled to the wilderness of ‘misconceptions’. The common
  sense theory that is in contention to the established scientific theory c
 an be further reinforced\, if it was not adequately addressed\, by the stu
 dent’s prior academic exposure\, with the one feeding off the other. To 
 address this dilemma requires an introspective approach\, mixing the pract
 ical with the theoretical. How this is being done\, and what other approac
 hes physics education can utilize will be addressed.\n\nhttps://events.sai
 p.org.za/event/91/contributions/6356/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6356/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:<b> Quasipartice Band Structure and Optical Properties of α-MnO<s
 ub>2</sub> :   A Beyond Density Functional Theory Investigation </b>
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6357@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mirriam Chepkoech (The National Institute for Theore
 tical Physics\, School of Physics and Mandelstam Institute for Theoretical
  Physics\, University of the Witwatersrand\, Johannesburg\, Wits 2050\, So
 uth Africa.)\nThe quasi-particle band structure and the optical properties
  of spin polarized bulk α-MnO2 have been investigated by means of many bo
 dy perturbation theory within an ab initio framework. As a starting point 
 the electronic band structure obtained from Density Functional Theory with
  Hubbard correction (DFT+U\, U = 2.4 eV) approach show that bulk α-MnO2 i
 s a semiconductor with a band gap of 1.284 eV. Quasi-particle band structu
 re within the G0W0 level of approximation yields a band gap of 2.38 eV. Mo
 reover\, for the optical properties calculations\, two particle excitation
 s have been included through solving the Bethe-Salpeter equations (BSE) fo
 r the electron-hole pair correlation function. The peaks in the optical sp
 ectra are discussed based on the transitions within the computed band stru
 cture. From our results\, the structure exhibits a strong optical absorpti
 on in the visible region along all the crystallographic directions. The op
 tical anisotropy in this material is analyzed by means of dielectric funct
 ion as well as the optical absorption coefficients along different princip
 al axes. For instance\, in the visible region\, the calculated values for 
 the highest absorption coefficients are 3.69×10−5cm−1 along [100 and 
 010] and 6.32×10−5cm−1 along [001] components. This clearly indicates
  the optical anisotropic behaviour in α-MnO2. The optical absorption spec
 trum predicts a strong bound exciton that lies below the calculated quasi-
 particle band gap with binding energy of 0.65 eV in the bulk α-MnO2.\n\nh
 ttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6357/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6357/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:From Ordinary to Extraordinary:  Quantized Materials and Device Ph
 ysics
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T141000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6439@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Deji Akinwande (University of Texas – Austin)\nThi
 s general talk will present our latest research advances on 2D nanomateria
 ls towards greater scientific understanding and advanced engineering appli
 cations. In particular the talk will highlight our work crossing many disc
 iplinary domains including flexible devices/nanoelectronics\, wearable sen
 sors\, coupled opto-electro-mechanics\, topological semiconductors\, and n
 on-volatile ionic phenomena. Finally\, recent transitional advances from t
 he laboratory to commercialization of graphene and quantized materials wil
 l be featured.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6439/
LOCATION:Engineering building 51 A107
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6439/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Polarity switches\, coexistence and the existence of supersolitons
  pertaining to electron-acoustic nonlinear structures
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T082000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6359@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Shimul Maharaj (South African National Space Agency 
 (SANSA) Space Science)\nLarge amplitude electron-acoustic solitons are rev
 isited in order to gain insights into why the phenomena of polarity switch
 es\, coexistence as well as the existence of supersolitons have been widel
 y reported for ion-acoustic and dust-acoustic nonlinear structures but muc
 h less frequently for high frequency (electron-acoustic) nonlinear fluctua
 tions associated with electron dynamics. The effect of streaming (warm) el
 ectrons is considered to determine to what extent is a beam responsible fo
 r supporting a switch in polarity from negative to positive polarity elect
 ron-acoustic solitons. Our results demonstrate that coexistence of negativ
 e and positive polarity electron-acoustic solitons and the existence of su
 persolitons of the electron-acoustic type are not easily amenable to model
 s in which the positive species constituents are only protons. Consequentl
 y\, we do not restrict our study to considering multi-temperature electron
  models containing only protons but models which are composed of protons a
 nd (much lighter therefore more mobile) positrons are also investigated.\n
 \nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6359/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6359/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Neutron and X-Ray Radiography/Tomography Reveal Secrets and Myster
 ies of our Past
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6360@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Frikkie De Beer (Necsa)\nThe use of radiation in mod
 ern life is merely known for the X-ray diagnostics in the case of X-rays a
 nd nuclear power reactors in the case for neutrons. Few people have the un
 fortunate experience of using nuclear medicine (radiation) in the treatmen
 t of illness. However\, the application of radiation as a research tool is
  merely unknown also in revealing those hidden secrets of the past. Herita
 ge is our legacy from the past\, what we live with today and what we shoul
 d pass on to future generations. Our cultural and natural heritages are bo
 th irreplaceable sources of life and inspiration - places such as the wild
 s of East Africa’s Serengeti\, Cradle of Humankind in South Africa\, the
  Pyramids of Egypt\, the Great Barrier Reef in Australia and the Baroque c
 athedrals of Latin America. World Heritage sites belong to all the peoples
  of the world\, irrespective of the territory on which they are located an
 d should be treated in the most responsible manner.\nIt is a universal nee
 d to reveal those secrets and in most cases hidden features of findings su
 ch as artifacts or fossils. Non-invasive techniques to preserve the findin
 gs during its analysis is one of the best ways to reveal secrets in the mo
 st a responsible manner also to be studied by future generations with poss
 ible new developed analytic techniques.\nToday\, neutron and X-ray based a
 nalytical techniques play an important role in both applied research and p
 ractical applications. Both neutron and X-ray imaging techniques do not of
 fer directly analysis of elemental composition of studied entities. Howeve
 r\, its non-invasive nature to study also objects from cultural heritage i
 s of high value\, where these probes reveal valuable hidden information no
 n-destructively.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6360
 /
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6360/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The production of two leptons and missing energy from H->Sh produc
 tion at the LHC
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T082000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6361@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Abdualazem Fadol (University of the Witwatersrand)\n
 Data reported by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the Large Hadron Collide
 r (LHC) involving final states with two charged leptons (electrons or muon
 s) and missing energy is studied. These data are analysed in terms of the 
 production of a heavy boson\, H\, decaying into the Higgs boson\, h\, and 
 an additional scalar mediator\, S. The mass of H is assumed to be around 2
 70 GeV and the mass of S lies in the range m_h\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.
 za/event/91/contributions/6361/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A404
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6361/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Phase and time-dependent second harmonic measurements of centrosym
 metric materials
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6362@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Wilfrid Innocent Ndebeka (Laser Research Institute\,
  University of Stellenbosch)\nOptical second harmonic generation (SHG) is 
 widely used as non-invasive technique to probe surfaces and interfaces of 
 centrosymmetric materials\, e.g. silicon/silicon dioxide (Si/SiO2) and the
  bulk crystal structure of non-centrosymmetric materials such as silicon c
 arbide (SiC). The time-dependent SHG observed at the Si/SiO2 interface of 
 a bulk Si is caused by multiphoton excitation of electrons from the Si val
 ence band to the oxide conduction band\, resulting to their slow diffusion
  into the oxide surface traps. An interfacial electric field gradually bui
 lds-up which enhances the generated SH by electric field induced second ha
 rmonic (EFISH) generation over several minutes. In this work\, an experime
 ntal setup-up\, for frequency-domain measurement of SH phase as well as th
 e time dependent second harmonic measurements of p-doped Si\, will be pres
 ented and the obtained results are shown and discussed.\n\nhttps://events.
 saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6362/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6362/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Study of Excited 0+ States via Electron Spectroscopy
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6363@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bonginkosi Zikhali (University of wersten cape physi
 cs)\nA state of the art electron spectrometer for the measurement of inter
 nal conversion electrons is undergoing development at iThemba LABS. The sp
 ectrometer will be used to study the nuclear configuration of multiple exc
 ited 0+ states such as in Cd nuclei. The study focuses on the high‐energ
 y internal conversion electrons and through pair production from these nuc
 lei.  At present\, measurements of 226Ra and 207Bi decay spectra have been
  carried out to optimize the energy efficiencies and resolutions of the de
 tectors for the implementation of excited 0+ state studies of high-energy 
 electrons with magnetic solenoid spectrometers. 226Ra and 207Bi were used 
 as the sources of radiation\, where alpha particles and electrons were emi
 tted\, respectively.In this presentation\, the results for the energy reso
 lution together intrinsic and absolute energy efficiencies of detectors fo
 r future use in experiments will be presented.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.
 za/event/91/contributions/6363/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6363/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Natural Air Change Rate Analysis of a Passive Solar House in Alice
 \, South Africa
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T132000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T134000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6364@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ochuko Kelvin Overen (Fort Hare Institute of Technol
 ogy\, University of Fort Hare)\nAir tightness is an essential feature for 
 minimizing heat exchange between the inner space and ambient environment o
 f a building. On the other hand\, shortage of air exchange can also result
  in indoor discomfort\, which is associated with inadequate ventilation\, 
 poor air quality and building related illness. The aim of this study is to
  analyze the natural air exchange rate and indoor air quality of a passive
  solar house. The ASTM E741-11 standard method for determining air change 
 rate in a single zone by means of Tracer Gas Dilution was adopted. A Non-D
 ispersive Infrared CO2 gas sensor was used to measure the indoor CO2 conce
 ntration. To investigate the effects of each of the ventilation components
  of the house\, the tests were carried out in four stages\; (i) all doors 
 and windows open\, (ii) all doors closed and windows open\, (iii) all door
 s open and windows closed\, and (iv) all doors and windows closed. Indoor 
 and outdoor meteorological parameters were also monitored. The average ind
 oor temperatures during the test period were 18.5°C\, 19.0°C\, and 19.5
 °C for the north bedroom\, south bedroom and living room/kitchen respecti
 vely\, while the outdoor ambient temperature was 16.7°C. An average wind 
 speed of 1.4 m/s at 158 (68 South of East) was observed. The south bedroom
  has the longest decay period of 62 min with a CO2 exchange rate of 0.52 p
 er hour. Whilst the living room/kitchen with a CO2 exchange rate of 0.61 p
 er hour had the shortest decay period of 13 min. The heat flow rate throug
 h the windows and building envelope were 140 J/s and 24 J/s\, respectively
 . The overnight indoor CO2 concentration was found to be 0.248%\, which is
  less than the indoor air quality maximum safe limit of 0.500%\, in South 
 Africa. It was observed that the heat flow rate depends on the ambient win
 d speed and direction. With proper operation of the widows by the occupant
 s\, passive cooling can be achieved in summer and the wind chill factor ca
 n be drastically reduced or even avoided in winter. This will promote indo
 or thermal comfort and enhance thermal energy efficiency.\n\nhttps://event
 s.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6364/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6364/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Implementation of Quantum Hall Effect Based Precision Resistance M
 easurement System
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T082000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6365@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mporome Maboko (Student)\nThe National Metrology Ins
 titute of South African (NMISA) has a mandate to implement a primary resis
 tance standard and to upgrade the DC resistance Laboratory. The Quantum Ha
 ll Effect (QHE) is the foundation for the implementation of the primary re
 sistance standard. The QHE is a phenomenon that occurs in a two-dimensiona
 l electron gas (2DEG) when subject to a strong magnetic field perpendicula
 r to the direction of current flow when the system is cooled down to low t
 emperatures. MOSFETs or GaAs/AlGaAs devices are used for the QHE. The GaAs
 /AlGaAs heterostructure is the preferred material due to its high mobility
  𝜇 and carrier concentration 𝑛.\n\nElectron density in the range of 
 (3 to 5.5) x 10^15 m^-2 is suitable in order to obtain wide and well quant
 ised 𝑖=2 plateau at 1.5 K and magnetic field in the range of 6 T to 11 
 T (Delahaye & Jeckelmann\, 2003). The passing of current in the 2DEG in th
 e presence of a strong magnetic field results in a transverse voltage call
 ed the Hall voltage V(H)\, the ratio of the Hall voltage to current has th
 e units of resistance (Ω). The Hall voltage manifests itself as quantised
  plateaus where each plateau is a multiple of the Klaus von Klitzing const
 ant given by\n\n𝑅(𝐻)=ℎ/𝑖𝑒^2 = 25812.807 Ω\n\nwhich is given
  by fundamental constants. In this talk\, I will present an introduction t
 o the techniques used to realise a standard of electrical resistance based
  on the QHE and show the latest results from our group in the Department o
 f Physics at UCT.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/636
 5/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6365/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A semiclassical recipe for wobbly limp noodles in partonic soup
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6366@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Robert Moerman (University of Cape Town)\nIn this ta
 lk\, I present the main results of our recent paper where we compute the a
 verage squared distance travelled by an initially stationary light-flavour
  off-mass-shell coloured parton in a strongly-coupled thermal plasma using
  the gauge/string duality. The calculation involves taking an ensemble ave
 rage of thermal fluctuations induced by Hawking radiation emanating from t
 he black hole horizon in AdSd -Schwarzschild on top of the leading order w
 orldsheet of our limp noodle string. We argue that our results give us acc
 ess to the time-dependent transverse momentum squared per unit pathlength 
 picked up by a high momentum quark in a strongly-coupled thermal plasma an
 d present the first time-dependent calculation of the transport coefficien
 t\, which is critically important for phenomenology in heavy ion collision
 s.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6366/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6366/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A gauge invariant truncation of JIMWLK
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6367@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Robert Moerman (University of Cape Town)\nThe Colour
  Glass Condensate captures QCD in its applications to high energy collider
  experiments in the spirit of an effective field theory using Wilson-lines
  and their correlators as the active degrees of freedom. The energy-depend
 ence of these correlators is given by the JIMWLK equation which\, when app
 lied to a given correlator\, generates an infinite tower of coupled equati
 ons referred to as a Balitsky hierarchy. \n\nIn this talk\, I present a ge
 neral method for truncating any Balitsky hierarchy in terms of energy-depe
 ndent colour structure functions analogous to the parametrization of hadro
 nic cross-sections in terms of hadronic structure functions within the par
 ton model. I also discuss the properties of these colour structure functio
 ns which are universal\; they are constrained by group theoretic considera
 tions independently of the Balitsky hierarchy being considered.\n\nhttps:/
 /events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6367/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6367/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Image Inversion via Quantum Ghost Imaging
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6368@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nicholas Bornman (University of the Witwatersrand)\n
 Quantum ghost imaging is one of the many unanticipated and yet wonderful p
 eculiarities arising from quantum mechanics. The basic proposal behind it 
 is using a pair of entangled photons\, one of which strikes an arbitrary o
 bject\, and being able to reconstruct an image of the object by observing 
 the other photon. In this study we use an experimental setup involving a c
 ouple of tiers of crystals which create two pairs of entangled photons via
  spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC). A photon from each pair is
  combined using a beam-splitter and the entanglement is teleported between
  the remaining two photons by ensuring 4-way coincidences using detectors.
  Simultaneously\, an object is created in one of the remaining arms by mas
 king a spatial light modulator (SLM)\, and the measured image is observed 
 using another SLM in the final arm. By carefully choosing the way measurem
 ents are performed\, we theoretically predict the contrast inversion of th
 e ghost image\, i.e. the observed image is inverted with respect to the ob
 ject mask\, a most interesting result. However\, strangely\, it appears as
  though this inversion is predicated on the use of an anti-symmetric state
  for the beam-splitter photons\; for a symmetric state\, the image may or 
 may not be inverted\, depending on the object's dimensions and the way mea
 surements are performed. Despite this\, our work highlights\, in a complet
 ely new context\, the fundamental role measurements play in quantum theory
 \, since in both the symmetric and anti-symmetric cases\, the observed ima
 ge depends greatly on the way the SLM screens are measured. We hope to con
 firm these theoretical predictions with experimental results in the near f
 uture.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6368/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6368/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Solution of double-eigenvalue problem for a fermionic particle or 
 gauged Q-ball in superfluid vacuum
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6369@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Arislan Makhmudov (Peoples' Friendship University of
  Russia\, Moscow)\nA model describing a fermionic particle or Q-ball in a 
 superfluid vacuum is studied numerically. We show that it is a nonlinear d
 ouble-eigenvalue problem\, which thus requires a special treatment. The es
 sential equations to solve are four nonlinear differential equations invol
 ving the spinor\, electrostatic\, and the logarithmically nonlinear scalar
  field which effectively describes background superfluid in a low-energy r
 egime. The solution is derived in a recursive way\, a detailed example dem
 onstrating this process is presented. Among other values\, self-energy and
  total charge of the object are numerically derived. The main conclusion i
 s that our model is free of field singularities\, its self-energy is finit
 e and its electric field obeys the Coulomb asymptotics.\n\nhttps://events.
 saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6369/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6369/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Probing quantum gravity through strong gravitational lensing
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6370@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mhlambululi Mafu (Botswana International University 
 of Science and Technology)\, Stuart Marongwe (Botswana International Unive
 rsity of Science and Technology)\nWe report the use of Einstein rings to r
 eveal the quantized and dynamical states of space-time in a region of impr
 essed gravitational field as predicted by the Nexus Paradigm of quantum gr
 avity. This in turn reveals the orbital speeds of objects found therein an
 d the radius of curvature of the quantized space-time. Similarities betwee
 n the Nexus graviton and the singular isothermal sphere (SIS) in the Cold 
 Dark Matter (CDM) paradigm are highlighted. However unlike the singular is
 othermal sphere\, the Nexus graviton does not contain singularities or div
 ergent integrals. This solves the core cusp problem. In this work\, data f
 rom a sample of fifteen Einstein rings published on the Cfa-Arizona Space 
 Telescope  Lens Survey (CASTLES) website is used to probe the quantized pr
 operties of space-time.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributio
 ns/6370/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6370/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:GLOBAL SOLAR RADIATION ESTIMATION USING TEMPERATURE DATA FOR NWANE
 DI ARC STATION OF VHEMBE DISTRICT\, SOUTH AFRICA.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T082000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6371@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nnditshedzeni Eric Maluta (University of Venda)\nIn 
 developing countries like South Africa the global solar radiation and its 
 components is not available for all locations due to the lack of weather s
 tation and the cost of establishing them. Thus there is a dire need of usi
 ng different theoretical models for the estimation of global solar radiati
 on using different climatological parameters at a given locations. In this
  study\, two temperature based model developed by Clemence and   Hargreave
 s & Samani were employed to estimate global solar radiation from the tempe
 rature data measured at Nwanedi ARC station. The models studied were calib
 rated using five years temperature data. Estimated values were compared wi
 th measured values in terms of statistical evaluation indicators like the 
 coefficient of determination (R2)\, mean percentage error (MPE)\, mean bia
 s error (MBE) and root mean square error (RMSE). The statistical analysis 
 showed that the models assessed were well suited to accurately estimate th
 e solar potential at Nwanedi area.  The two equations used are:\n 1. H= (1
 .233*H0*∆T+10.593*Tmax -0.713*Tmax  ∆T+16.548)*0.0418\n 2. H=H0Kr(√
 ∆T)\nwere H0 is the extraterrestrial radiation\, Tmax is the daily maxim
 um temperature\, ΔT is the difference between the daily maximum and minim
 um temperature and h is the global solar radiation\nKeywords: Solar radiat
 ion\, temperature\, extraterrestrial radiation\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.
 za/event/91/contributions/6371/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6371/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Quark gluon tagging at the LHC
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T122000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6372@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Deepak Kar (University of Witwatersrand)\nBy measuri
 ng the substructure of a jet\, one can assign it a quark or gluon tag. In 
 this talk\, we confront the challenges faced when going beyond this leadin
 g-order understanding\, using both parton shower generators and first-prin
 ciples calculations to assess the impact of higher-order perturbative and 
 nonperturbative physics. Working in the idealised context of electron-posi
 tron collisions\, where one can define a proxy for quark and gluon jets ba
 sed on the Lorentz structure of the production vertex\, we find a fascinat
 ing interplay between perturbative shower effects and nonperturbative hadr
 onization effects. Turning to proton-proton collisions\, we highlight a co
 re set of measurements that would constrain current uncertainties in quark
 /gluon tagging and improve the overall modeling of jets at the Large Hadro
 n Collider.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6372/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A404
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6372/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Optimisation of inorganic-organic photoactive hybrid film for phot
 ovoltaic application.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6373@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Siphisihle Siphamandla Magubane (UWC)\nPhotoactive h
 ybrid films based on inorganic-organic nanocomposites have attracted a lot
  of attention for fabrication of low cost and environmental friendly off g
 rid photovoltaic devices.1\,2 In particular\, silicon nanowires (SiNWs)\, 
 electron accepting materials and poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)\, electron
  donor conjugated polymer are promising candidates due to high optical abs
 orption and excellent charge carrier mobility associated with them respect
 ively.3\,4 An objective of the study was to establish optimised spin coati
 ng conditions for P3HT film deposition with high film uniformity and elect
 rical conductivity in order to incorporate SiNWs for enhancement of optica
 l and electrical properties of the film. Spinning speed\, duration and sol
 ution concentration were studied as experimental parameters. Uniform films
  with satisfactory electrical conductivities were obtained.\n\nKeywords: S
 pin coating\, inorganic-organic nanocomposites\, photoactive hybrid film\n
 \nReferences\n\n1. M. Braik\, C. Dridi\, A. Rybuk\, J. Davenas and D. Corn
 u. Physica Status Solid Applications and Materials\, (2013) 1-7.\n2. J. Da
 venas\, S.B. Dkhil\, D. Cornu and A. Raybak. Energy Procedia\, 31 (2012) 1
 36-143.\n3. W. Cao\, A. Uddin and M. Wright. Solar\, 2012\, the 50th AuSES
  Annual Conference.\n4. K. Liu\, S. Qu\, X. Zhang\, F. Tan and Z. Wang. Na
 noscale Research letter\, 8 (2013) 1-6.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/even
 t/91/contributions/6373/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6373/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Using the Barkhausen Effect to Measure the Microstructure of Ferro
 magnetic Materials
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T122000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6374@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Volkmar Nolting (Vaal University of Technology)\nThe
  magnetization M(T\,B) of a ferromagnetic material as calculated from stan
 dard models of magnetism makes a couple of theoretical assumptions that ar
 e not fulfilled in a real lattice. One consequence of this is the Barkhaus
 en effect which experimentally verifies the existence of ferromagnetic dom
 ains. From the energy of the domain wall its thickness\, the energy per un
 it area\, the restoring force\, and the coercitivity are calculated and co
 mpared with experimental data. Magnetization curves M(H) are plotted for b
 oth the easy and the hard axis of anisotropic materials. Magnetic anisotro
 py furthermore affects the domain structure of a ferromagnetic material. I
 t is shown that magnetoacoustic emission and magnetostriction data are onl
 y correlated in the case of isotropic materials. In general such a correla
 tion does not exist.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/
 6374/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6374/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Three party reference frame independent quantum key distribution p
 rotocol using GHZ states
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6375@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Comfort Sekga (Department of Physics and Astronomy\,
  Botswana International University fo Science and Technology\, Private Bag
  16 Palapye\, Botswana)\, Mhlambululi Mafu (Botswana International Univers
 ity of Science and Technology)\nQuantum key distribution (QKD) can be used
  to securely exchange the secret key between the communicating parties whi
 ch are conventionally referred to as Alice and Bob. The protocol exploit t
 he laws of quantum mechanics to detect any eavesdropper who tries to gain 
 the knowledge of the key. For most existing QKD protocols\, it is essentia
 l to have a known reference frame between the communicating parties. For i
 nstance\, alignment of polarisation states for polarizing encoding and int
 erferometric stability for phase coding. However\, unstable fibre communic
 ation links or imperfections in the measuring devices may lead to unknown 
 and varying reference frame and has detrimental effects on the states rece
 ived by Bob. Efforts has been made to tackle potential reference frame mis
 alignment by encoding qubits with larger systems. However\, this requires 
 creation and manipulation of many photon entangled states which are very d
 ifficult to generate and are very sensitive to losses. Therefore\, we pres
 ent a three party reference frame independent QKD protocol\, which can be 
 implemented without any alignment between the sender and the receiver. In 
 our protocol the key is extracted from the measurement of the GHZ states i
 nitially shared between the communicating parties. We prove the security o
 f the protocol against collective attacks under one way classical post-pro
 cessing. Our results shows that the protocol is very robust against these 
 attacks as we obtained an error rate threshold of 18.5%.\n\nhttps://events
 .saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6375/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6375/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The Solar Dynamics Observatory eclipse season is not consistent wi
 th what is to be expected from an eclipse
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6376@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Claudia Albers (WITS university)\nThe Solar Dynamics
  Observatory is a geosynchronous satellite with an orbital tilt\, with det
 ectors aimed at the Sun.  It provides images of the Sun in various wavelen
 gths\, from x-ray to visible light.  The satellite is supposed to see the 
 Sun being eclipsed by the Earth for about an hour a day\, for 24 days\, tw
 ice a year.  However\, examination of the images it detects\, since 2011\,
  at the beginning of each eclipse season\, reveals that different percenta
 ges of the Sun are visible at different wavelengths\, in images with the s
 ame time stamp.  In addition\, the Sun’s corona in the 19.3 and 21.1 nm 
 wavelengths shrinks\, as the less of the Sun is visible in the images.  Th
 is is not consistent with what is to be expected from an eclipse.\n\nhttps
 ://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6376/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6376/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Soweto Science Centre as a flagship community engagement initiativ
 e
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6378@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Leelakrishna Reddy (University of Johannesburg)\nA f
 lagship community engagement initiative is coordinated within the Faculty 
 of Science at a South African university. This initiative takes the form o
 f a strategic and innovative instructional intervention which makes provis
 ion for tutoring of learners in the Further Education and Training (FET) b
 and by providing tuition through contact sessions on Fridays\, Saturdays a
 nd during school recess. Learners are drawn from schools located within So
 weto Township and the surrounding areas. Prior to the commencement of the 
 mentoring intervention\, learners’ pre-entry characteristics in terms of
  the conceptual competence in various Physical Science knowledge areas cov
 ered at school were established through carefully structured knowledge\, s
 ynthesis and application-type questions which formed an integral part of a
  diagnostic conceptual assessment instrument. In particular\, the findings
  of this research revealed inadequacies in relation to the Physics content
  covered at schools as well as the competency of the FET teachers in the P
 hysics conceptual knowledge areas investigated. Key findings that emerged 
 from this investigation appear to be commensurate with documented research
  studies on Physical Science teachers’ content knowledge and pedagogical
  content knowledge within the broader South African educational context. I
 mplications for the coherent infusion of strategic and innovative instruct
 ional interventions in various educational settings are discussed.\n\nhttp
 s://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6378/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6378/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:INVESTIGATING DIFFUSION OF XENON IMPLANTED GLASSY CARBON
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6379@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mahjoub Ismail (Postgradiuate student)\nRecently\, t
 here has been a renewed interest in employing glassy carbonto contain radi
 oactive fission products. Oneof the fission products\, Xe is significant b
 y itself due to its high neutron absorption crosssection and high producti
 on as a fission product. 200 keV Xenon (Xe) ions were implanted in the gla
 ssy carbon samples to a fluence of 1 × 10^16 Xe+ cm-2 at room temperature
 . The diffusion of the implanted Xenon in the glassy carbon was measured u
 sing Rutherford backscattering (RBS) after vacuum annealing. The surface t
 opography of the samples before and after each annealing temperature was i
 nvestigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).\n\nhttps://events.sa
 ip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6379/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6379/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:SHI irradiation enhanced diffusion of silver implanted into polycr
 ystalline SiC
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6380@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hesham Abdelbagi Ali Abdelbagi (University of Pretor
 ia)\nMigration behavior of silver (Ag) ions implanted into polycrystalline
  CVD-SiC was investigated by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS)\
 , Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Silver ions of 360 
 keV were implanted into CVD-SiC to a fluence of 2×1016 cm-2 at room tempe
 rature. Some of implanted samples were irradiated with xenon (Xe) ions of 
 167 MeV to a fluence of 3.4×1014 cm-2 and 8.4×1014 cm-2 at room temperat
 ure. Both the as-implanted and implanted then irradiated samples were isoc
 hronal annealed at temperatures ranging from 1100 oC to 1400 oC in steps o
 f 100 oC for 10 h.  Raman results of the as-implanted samples showed that 
 implantation of Ag resulted in the amorphisation of SiC\, while irradiatio
 n of the as-implanted samples with Xe ions caused some recrystallization. 
 Recrystallization was already taking place after annealing at 1100 oC in b
 oth samples. After annealing at 1400 oC\, un-irradiated samples were fully
  recrystallized\, while the irradiated samples were still not fully recrys
 tallized. Ag started to move towards the surface without broadening after 
 annealing at 1100 oC in the un-irradiated samples\, while no movement of A
 g was detected in the irradiated samples up 1200 oC. Diffusion of Ag was d
 etected after annealing at 1300 oC for the irradiated samples and no diffu
 sion was detected in the un-irradiated samples up to 1400 oC. Therefore\, 
 SHI irradiation somehow enhanced diffusion of Ag.\n\nhttps://events.saip.o
 rg.za/event/91/contributions/6380/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6380/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Assessing the impact of phosphate rock storage on uranium and thor
 ium concentration in soil samples from Richards Ray using Neutron Activati
 on Analysis.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T122000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6381@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: FEILIX MASOK (University of Johannesburg)\nUranium-2
 38 (U-238) and thorium-232 (Th-232) are the parent primordial nuclides who
  along with their progenies are sources of radiation exposure to which hum
 ans are exposed directly or indirectly. U-238 decay to Pb-206 after 14 dif
 ferent alpha or beta   decays\, while Th-232 decay series terminate at Pb-
 208 after 10 successive alpha or beta decays. In this study\, gross alpha 
 and beta activity concentration of sixty (60) soil samples collected from 
 30 sampling sites around a phosphate rock storage facility at Richards Bay
  were first performed using a gas flow proportionality counter to estimate
  the total activity of each sample without regards to specific nuclides. T
 he samples were further analyzed for U-238 and Th-232 concentration using 
 neutron activation analysis (NAA). The samples were irradiated by thermal 
 neutrons with a neutron flux of about 7 × 1011 ncm-2.s in NECSA’s nucle
 ar research reactor (SAFARI 1).  The maximum and minimum gross alpha activ
 ity for the soil samples analyzed were obtained to be 5692 Bq.kg-1 and 34 
 Bq.kg-1 respectively with a mean of 597 Bq.kg-1. Similarly\, 4072 Bq.kg-1 
 and 24 Bq.kg-1 were obtained to be the maximum and minimum values of gross
  beta activity concentrations   respectively with a mean of 518 Bq.kg-1. A
  correlation coefficient of 0.658 indicating a strong correlation among U-
 238 and Th-232 concentration was established.  Furthermore\, specific acti
 vities of U-238 and Th-232 in a reference phosphate rock samples were anal
 yzed and obtained to be 118 Bq.kg-1 and 783 Bqkg-1 respectively. These act
 ivity concentrations of these primordial radionuclides (238U and 232Th) in
  the analysed samples were found to be below the limits set out by Interna
 tional Council on Radiation Protection (ICRP).\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.
 za/event/91/contributions/6381/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6381/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Computational modelling study on elastic properties and temperatur
 e variation in Ti<sub>50</sub>Pt<sub>50-x</sub>Cu<sub>x</sub> shape memory
  alloys
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6382@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Rosinah Modiba (CSIR)\nRecently\, there is a high de
 mand of shape memory alloys that can be used at high temperatures. TiPt is
  found to be one of the promising alloys with the transformation temperatu
 re of 1300 K. Previous studies showed that the alloy is mechanically unsta
 ble with the negative C′ modulus at 0 K.  In order to enhance the mechan
 ical properties of the alloy\, a third element Cu was substituted in the T
 iPt. The stability of the structures with respect to their equilibrium lat
 tice parameters and heats of formation were determined. It was found that 
 increasing Cu content stabilizes the TiPt with a positive C′ observed fo
 r 12.25 at.% Cu. Furthermore\, we investigated the temperature dependence 
 of the lattice parameters and Copper is found to be lowering the martensit
 ic transformation temperature of the TiPt shape memory alloy.\n\nhttps://e
 vents.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6382/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6382/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Laplace transform deep level transient spectroscopy on n-type gall
 ium arsenide
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T101000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T103000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6612@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Shandirai Tunhuma (University of Pretoria)\nA review
  of the progress made on characterization of defects in n-GaAs using Lapla
 ce DLTS is presented. The technique offers up to an order of magnitude hig
 her resolution than conventional DLTS. We explored the fine structure and 
 annealing behavior of defects which would otherwise appear as single broad
  based peaks in conventional DLTS. Defects induced by several processes an
 d incident irradiation from various radionuclides are presented. The infor
 mation is vital for various opto-electronic applications of Gallium arseni
 de especially for space applications. EL2-like defects have great potentia
 l in the field of defect engineering.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/
 91/contributions/6612/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6612/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The Madala Hypothesis and Indirect Dark Matter Detection
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6383@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Geoff Beck (University of Witwatersrand)\nThe Madala
  hypothesis\, invoked by South African scientists (von Buddenbrock et al 2
 015 & 2016)\, extends the standard model to cover anomalies in the transve
 rse momentum of the Higgs boson (among other anomalous excesses) seen at t
 he Large Hadron Collider. As the evidence continues to hint in favour of t
 his scenario it is worthwhile to explore its cosmological and astrophysica
 l consequences. These arise as the effective field theory used includes a 
 dark matter candidate whose Standard Model interactions are mediated by an
  additional scalar boson S.\nIn this work we will study the limits on the 
 decay branching of the boson S following dark matter annihilation using da
 ta from the Coma galaxy cluster and Reticulum II dwarf galaxy. In so doing
  we will see that couplings of the S boson cannot be Higgs-like\, contrary
  to what was originally assumed in the hypothesis for simplicity. This res
 ults in new constraints on the hypothesis independent of collider data.\nW
 e will also explore to what extent the Madala dark matter can explain the 
 gamma-ray excess observed in the galactic centre\, as well as other gamma-
 ray excesses claimed towards dwarf galaxies.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za
 /event/91/contributions/6383/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6383/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Analysis of temperature dependent I-V characteristics of Pd/n-4HSi
 C Schottky barrier diodes and the determination of the Richardson constant
  in a wide temperature range
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6384@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Shandirai Tunhuma (University of Pretoria)\nThe curr
 ent-voltage characteristics of Pd/n-4H-SiC Schottky barrier diodes in the 
 300-800 K temperature range have been analysed . Barrier height and ideali
 ty factor were found to be highly temperature dependent. Barrier height in
 creases whilst ideality factor decreases with an increase in temperature a
 nd the conventional activation energy plot showed some deviation from line
 arity. This was attributed to barrier in-homogeneities at the metal semico
 nductor interface which resulted in a distribution of barrier heights at t
 he interface. From the modified Richardson plot\, the Richardson constant\
 , A** was found to be 155 Acm^-2K^-2 in the 300-525 K range and 87 A cm^-2
 K^-2 in the 550-800 K temperature range.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/eve
 nt/91/contributions/6384/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6384/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Predicting the Mo dopant induced electrical levels in Ge
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6385@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Emmanuel Igumbor (University of Pretoria)\nIn this r
 eport\, an ab initio calculation results of the Mo dopant induced levels i
 n Ge were presented. The density functional theory (DFT) with the Heyd\, S
 cuseria\, and Ernzerhof (HSE06) hybrid functional was used to calculate th
 e minimum total energies for the  Mo vacancy-complexes of Ge (VGe MoGe) an
 d Mo substitution in Ge (MoGe). The formation energies of the first neares
 t neighbour (N1)\, second nearest neighbour (N2) and third nearest neighbo
 ur (N3) configurations for the VGe MoGe  as well as the MoGe were obtained
  for charge states -2\, -1\, 0\, +1\, and +2. The calculated formation ene
 rgies for the VGe MoGe  resulted to positive binding energies for the N1\,
  N2 and N3 configurations. The N2 configuration is the most energetically 
 favourable with a formation and binding energies of −0.14 and 0.06 eV\, 
 respectively. The MoGe  has a formation energy of −2.99 eV and induced e
 lectrical level which exhibits a negative-U ordering within the band gap o
 f Ge. The (+1/-1) transition charge states induced by the  MoGe is a deep 
 level lying at EV + 0.31 eV.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contri
 butions/6385/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6385/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Characterization of AlxGa1-xAs by FTIR Spectroscopy
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6386@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nobom Hashe (Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University)
 \nThe ternary semiconductor AlxGa1-xAs alloy finds many applications in th
 e electronics industry.    With very nearly the same lattice constant as G
 aAs\, it is used as a barrier material in GaAs based heterostructure devic
 es\, where the AlGaAs layer confines the electrons to a gallium arsenide r
 egion. An example of an AlGaAs/GaAs device is a quantum well infrared phot
 odetector. Alloys are grown on GaAs by metalorganic vapour phase depositio
 n\, and different properties of the alloy can be obtained by varying the A
 l content in AlxGa1-xAs.  It is therefore important to characterize the al
 loy to establish its properties as a function of Al content.\nA total of 5
  AlxGa1-xAs samples with different Al contents were characterized by Fouri
 er Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in the reflectance mode. A Bruke
 r 80V FTIR/Raman system\, fitted with a horizontal stage sample holder\, e
 nabling near-normal incidence of incident radiation\, was used to measure 
 the reflectance of the samples.  50 Scans of each sample were obtained at 
 a resolution of 8 cm-1 and all measurements were done under vacuum. Layer 
 thicknesses could be calculated from interference fringes in the reflectan
 ce spectra of the various samples. The results thus obtained by FTIR were 
 compared to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. Preliminary resul
 ts indicated that the layer thicknesses varied between 3.2 and 6.1 micron\
 , which are in agreement with values supplied by the epilayer crystal grow
 ers.  Results will be presented and discussed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.
 za/event/91/contributions/6386/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6386/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Midlatitude post sunset plasma bubbles during 11 April 2001 intens
 e storm
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6387@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Zama Thobeka Katamzi-Joseph (South African National 
 Space Agency)\nFirst observation of plasma bubbles over the European middl
 e latitudes during an intense storm of 11 April 2001. The plasma bubbles a
 re observed in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) total electron co
 ntent (TEC) measurements during the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) Bz
  southward turning and confirmed with in-situ plasma density measurements 
 from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellites. The r
 esults show that the plasma bubbles originate from the equatorial ionosphe
 ric anomaly region and migrate poleward at virtual speeds of 400 m/s. Duri
 ng the time of occurrence of the plasma bubbles\, TEC and ionosonde F2-reg
 ion peak density measurements were enhanced compared to the 5 quietest day
 s of the month. Evidence from ionosonde F2-region height measurements indi
 cate an upward plasma motion while the interplanetary electric field (IEF)
  Ey was enhanced. This was found to suggest that the possible mechanism fo
 r the enhancement middle latitude plasma and subsequent plasma bubble occu
 rrence was the eastward penetration electric field associated with IMF Bz 
 southward turning.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/63
 87/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6387/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Structural characterization of polyaniline thin films doped by Ag+
  ion implantation
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6388@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jimmy Mokoena (Tshwane University of technology)\nPo
 lymeric thin films in electronic device applications are becoming more com
 monplace due to relatively low production and material cost when compared 
 to conventional semiconductors.\nPolyaniline is one of the most widely stu
 died conducting polymers and organic semiconductor due to its rich chemist
 ry and relative stability.\nCurrent research efforts into polymer based ph
 oto-voltaic and radiation sensorsaregeared towards tailoring material prop
 erties of the polymers to improve their quantum efficiency to at least mat
 ch that of silicon based detectors. \nThis contribution presents results o
 f a study carried out to establish the relationship between film structure
  of conjugate polyaniline films spin-coated onto silicon substrates and Ag
 + ion implantation dose.\nThe polyaniline (PANI) films were prepared by di
 ssolving of Emeraldine Base (EB-PANI) in 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidinone and spin
  coating onto silicon substrates. Film characterization was carried out us
 ing SEM\, RBS\, XRD and Raman Spectroscopy before and after Ag+ ion implan
 tation to different doses.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contribu
 tions/6388/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6388/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Dopping effect on tin oxide nanostructures and gas sensing ability
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6389@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Charles Thulani Thethwayo (University of Zululand)\n
 tin oxide (SnO2) nanostructures were synthesized using chemical bath metho
 d and DC magnetron sputtering. SnO2 oxide nanostructures were deposited at
  different temperatures (300 oC\, 400 oC\, and 500 0C. XRD results shows t
 hat as the temperature increases also the cystalinity increases. SEM resul
 ts also show that particle sizes increase with the increase in temperature
 . EDS show that the ratio of tin to oxygen is as expected to be. More stud
 ies will be carried out on the samples as to show the effect of doping on 
 gas sensing ability of SnO2. It was found that the temperature has the eff
 ect on nanoparticle sizes and their crystalinity. we bilieve doping nanopa
 rticle will enhance the gassing sensitivity of Tin Oxide nanostructure.\n\
 nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6389/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6389/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Luminescent\, Structural and Morphological studies of a green-emit
 ting BaB8O13: Ce3+ phosphors
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6390@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mantwa Annah Lephoto (University of the Free State (
 QwaQwa campus)\, Private Bag X13\, Phuthaditjhaba\, 9866\, South Africa)\n
 Key words: Combustion method\; William-Hall\; Band-gap\; Photoluminescence
 \; CIE.\nAbstract: BaB8O13: Ce3+ powder phosphors were synthesized by solu
 tion combustion method for general lighting applications. X-ray diffractio
 n\, Fourier transform spectroscopy\, Scanning electron microscopy\, UV-vis
 ible spectroscopy and photoluminescence studies were used to characterize 
 the prepared powder phosphors. Powder X-ray spectra confirmed the formatio
 n of orthorhombic structure of BaB8O13 with cell parameters a = 8.550 Å\,
  b = 17.350 Å and c = 13.211 Å according to JCPDS file no: 20-0097 [1]. 
 The estimated crystallite sizes of the powder phosphors from Scherrer’s 
 equation and Hall-Williamson’s plot were in the nanometre scale. Scannin
 g electron microscopy micrographs showed that the particles with irregular
  shapes were agglomerated together. The bands in the Fourier transform inf
 rared spectra in the range 650 – 1600 cm-1 also confirms the formation o
 f the desired powder phosphor. The estimated bandgap of the powder phospho
 rs from Kubelka - Munk was reduced with the increase in concentration of C
 e3+. The BaB8O13: Ce3+ powder phosphors showed emission at around 515 nm a
 scribed to 5d1 – 4f1 transition of Ce3+ after UV excitation of 270 nm us
 ing a monochromatized xenon lamp. A standard CIE diagram derived from rela
 tive emissions from the powder phosphors suggested a unique emission conce
 ntrated in the green region\, thus the phosphor serve as a potential sourc
 e of green light emitting devices [1].\nReference:  1] E\, Erdogomus\, E. 
 Orkmaz and V.E. Kafadar\, J. Appl. Spectrosc\, 80\, 2014\, 952-956\n\nhttp
 s://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6390/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6390/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Effect of Tb3+ concentration on the structure and photoluminescenc
 e of Zn0.5Mg0.5Al2O4:x% Tb3+ (0 < x ≤ 1) nanophosphor synthesized by cit
 rate sol-gel method
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6391@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Setumo Victor Motloung (SMU)\nThe un-doped zinc magn
 esium aluminate (Zn0.5Mg0.5Al2O4) and Tb3+ doped nanophosphor were prepare
 d by the citrate sol-gel method at low temperature (⁓ 80 ℃) and therma
 lly treated at 1000 ℃ for 3 hrs. The effect of varying the x% Tb3+ in th
 e range of (0 < x ≤ 1) on the structure\, morphology and optical propert
 ies of the Zn0.5Mg0.5Al2O4 nanophosphors were investigated. The Energy dis
 persive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis confirmed the presence of the ex
 pected elements (Zn\, Mg\, Al\, O and Tb). The x-ray diffraction (XRD) ana
 lysis confirmed that the nano-powders crystallized into the mixed cubic sp
 inel structures of Zn0.5Al2O4 and Mg0.5Al2O4. Tb3+ doping influenced cryst
 allinity of the prepared powder samples. The crystallite size and particle
  morphology were affected by variation in the Tb3+ concentration. Differen
 t emission peaks located around 390\, 490\, 546\, 584 and 620 nm from Tb3+
  transitions were observed. The most intense emission peak was found at 54
 6 nm\, which is ascribed to 4D4 → 7F5 transition from Tb3+. Increasing t
 he Tb3+ concentration up-to x = 0.4% lead to luminescence intensity enhanc
 ement\, while further increase of Tb3+ concentration lead to concentration
  quenching. CIE colour coordinates confirmed that the emission colour can 
 be tuned from blueish → greenish by varying the Tb3+ concentration.\n\nh
 ttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6391/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6391/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Power series expansion of the Jost function on the complex angular
  momentum plane.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6392@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tshegofatso Tshipi (University of Pretoria)\nThe aim
  of this research is to develop a method for expanding the Jost functions 
 as a Taylor-type power series on the complex angular momentum plane. From 
 this method in conjunction with the Watson transformation\, we were able t
 o express the scattering amplitude as a sum of the background and pole ter
 ms\, furthermore\, this method proposes a way of evaluating\, numerically\
 , the pole term. To demonstrate how this method may be applied\, we consid
 ered the Born approximation. We found out that the developed method improv
 ed the Born approximation at large scattering angles. Therefore\, this met
 hod is useful when the differential cross section of the background term f
 ails to converge to that of the exact differential cross section at large 
 scattering angles.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/63
 92/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6392/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Modelling the JVLA antenna primary beams with characteristic basis
  functions
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6393@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Iheanetu kelachukwu (Rhodes University)\nAccurate mo
 deling of the antenna primary beam response is  important in many wireless
  applications\, but is particularly crucial for the next generation of rad
 io telescopes\, since they offer unprecedented levels of sensitivity\, at 
 which even the most subtle instrumental effects become important. Electrom
 agnetic and optical simulations which has often been used to model it can 
 only provide a first-order approximation\; real-life primary beam patterns
  differ from this due to various subtle effects such as mechanical deforma
 tion\, etc. Ideally\, a parameterized model is required\, so that these ef
 fects can be calibrated for in a closed-loop manner. Instances of actual p
 atterns can be measured through a process known as holography\, but this i
 s subject to noise\, radio frequency interference\, and other measurement 
 effects. We present a set of holography measurements for a subset of dishe
 s of the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array telescope (JVLA US)\, and discuss
   the  problem  of  using these measurements to derive parameterized model
 s of the primary beam. We show that the beams exhibit complicated frequenc
 y behavior due to standing waves in the optics\, particularly in the polar
 ization terms. We discuss the potential application of a technique called 
 characteristic basis function patterns (CBFPs) to these data\, which offer
 s the possibility of deriving a parameterized model that can accommodate s
 ubtle variations in the beam pattern.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/
 91/contributions/6393/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6393/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Echo Mapping of Active Galactic Nuclei
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6457@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Michael Hlabathe (University of Cape Town and South 
 African Astronomical Observatory)\nEcho mapping of Active Galactic Nuclei 
 (AGNs) measures the time lag between the variable optical continuum from t
 he accretion disk and spectral line emission from the photoionized gas in 
 order to determine the size of the emitting region and subsequently measur
 e the mass of the supermassive black hole from the resulting lag. Currentl
 y there is a dearth of galaxies with measured lags in the region about a r
 edshift of z ∼ 0.3. What this project aims to achieve is to measure the 
 lags of galaxies around z ∼ 0.3 using observations from South African La
 rge Telescope and Las Cumbres Observatory. Cross-correlation is a method u
 sed to measure the time lag between the continuum and line-emission. In th
 is talk\, we discuss our implementation of the cross-correlation based on 
 the interpolation cross-correlation function method and its application to
  real data.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6457/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6457/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Design and fabrication of a biogas fermentation system
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6395@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: KeChist Obileke (University of Fort Hare)\nPrevious 
 designs of biogas fermentation systems have the challenge of cracking that
  take place especially at the brick structure after a short period of oper
 ation. These biogas fermentation systems are usually constructed using bri
 cks and cements. The choice of material\, design and size of the system pl
 ays an important role in the successful of the fermentation system. \nIn t
 his study\, a 2200 litres capacity high density polyethylene (HDPE) plasti
 c material was designed and fabricated. The type of plastic chosen was as 
 a result of its properties\, such as\; high strength\, anti-aging\, corros
 ion resistant\, light weight\, good tightness and life span of more than 3
 0 years. The AutoCAD software was used for the design and also the process
  of rotational moulding for the fabrication of the material. This techniqu
 e makes use of high temperature\, low pressure plastic forming process tha
 t uses heat and biaxial rotation to produce hollow of one piece part. \nTh
 e design and fabrication employs the use of plastic and bricks material. B
 ased on the authors’ knowledge through literature\, no such design has b
 een done before. This is a major breakthrough in the study. This type of d
 esign has the potential of creating employment opportunity for both the sk
 illed and unskilled labour and is of low cost effective.\n\nhttps://events
 .saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6395/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6395/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A Passive Solar Building Response to Selective Components of Solar
  Irradiance
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T082000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6396@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: ochuko Kelvin overen (University of Fort Hare)\nSola
 r radiation provides the most significant natural energy in buildings. Due
  to atmospheric interference\, solar radiation received at the earth surfa
 ce consists of direct beam and global irradiance\, where diffuse can be fu
 rther broken down into short and long wave irradiance. Although each of th
 ese components occur simultaneously\, their individual influence on the in
 door condition of a building differs. The aim of this study is to analyze 
 the influence of the various components of solar irradiance on the indoor 
 temperature\, relative humidity and illuminance level of a passive solar b
 uilding in Alice in the Eastern Cape. To this effect\, a SOLYS 2 dual Axis
  Sun tracker system\, comprising of a set of four radiometers were used to
  measure the various solar radiation components. These include direct beam
 \, diffuse\, tilted and downward long wave irradiance. The indoor temperat
 ure and relative humidity was measured by HMP 60 temperature relative humi
 dity probe. A Li-210R Photometric sensor was used to measure the indoor il
 luminance. Preliminary results show that on a typical sunny day\, the indo
 or temperature and relative humidity have a linear and inverse response\, 
 respectively\, to the various solar irradiance components. A minimum respo
 nse time of 1 hour was observed between the indoor temperature and diffuse
  irradiance. While a 30-minute response time between the indoor relative h
 umidity and direct beam irradiance was noticed. Relative to other solar ra
 diation components\, it was found that the indoor temperature is statistic
 ally predicted best by a linear combination of global\, tilted and downwar
 d longwave irradiance. Whereas\, a combination of direct beam\, diffuse\, 
 as well as downward longwave irradiance are suitable to predict indoor rel
 ative humidity. A meticulously developed model to predict the indoor condi
 tions of the building will also be discussed with particular emphasis on t
 he sensitivity of the model to the various irradiance components.\n\nhttps
 ://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6396/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6396/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Shaping light with a mid-IR spatial light modulator
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6397@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Lucas Gailele (Csir)\nTraditionally it has been cust
 om to shape light using static diffractive optical elements (DOEs) tailore
 d to a specific application giving only one shape. However the invention o
 f spatial light modulators (SLM) which have nematic liquid crystals that a
 re able to be controlled electronically to shape the phase of an optical b
 eam into different patterns in real time. This innovation proved to  be an
  efficient way to shape light without having a multiple and different DOEs
 .  These devices however are wavelength depended and calibration is needed
 . We will discuss how we calibrate a mid-IR spatial light modulator using 
 interferometry and also measure it diffraction efficiency.\n\nhttps://even
 ts.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6397/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6397/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Tailoring light in the mid-IR
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6398@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Lucas Gailele (Csir)\nOptical communication systems 
 optimize multiplexing in polarization and wavelength both transmitted in f
 iber and free-space to attain high bandwidth data communication. We are ex
 pected to reach a bandwidth ceiling in the near future due to non-linear e
 ffects in fiber. Communications using orbital angular momentum (OAM) carry
 ing modes offers infinite dimensional states\, providing means to increase
  link capacity by multiplexing spatially-varying modes in both the azimuth
 al and radial degrees of freedom. OAM modes are multiplexed and de-multipl
 exed by the use of spatial light modulators. Implementation of complex amp
 litude modulation is employed on a laser beam’s phase and amplitude to g
 enerate Laguerre-Gaussian modes. The modal decomposition technique is empl
 oyed to detect these modes due to their orthogonality as they propagate in
  space. We demonstrate data transfer by sending images as a proof-of conce
 pt in a lab-based scheme. We demonstrate the creation and detection of OAM
  modes in the mid-IR region as a precursor to a mid-IR free-space \ncommun
 ication link and attempt to improve data transmission in the atmosphere an
 d show improved image resolution by reconstructing the wave front of mid-I
 R light.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6398/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6398/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:High-fidelity modelling of the Egyptian 2nd Testing Research React
 or (ETRR-2)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6414@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Maurice Mashau (Necsa)\nThis study forms part of the
  on-going IAEA Coordinated Research Project (CRP) which primarily focuses 
 on benchmarking computational tools against experimental data for research
  reactors. It is important to benchmark these tools against experimental d
 ata as part of evaluating their capabilities in simulating physical phenom
 ena which take place during reactor operation. Necsa has recently develope
 d a new high-fidelity framework for performing nuclear reactor core calcul
 ations\, which integrates both stochastic and deterministic modelling meth
 ods in a consistent way. In this work\, this new calculational system is a
 pplied to the ETRR-2 benchmark problem in aid of code validation. In parti
 cular\, a series of control rod calibration experiments are modelled as in
 itial qualification of the model\, where-after a series of cycle depletion
  analysis are conducted to validate the burn-up capability of the package.
 \n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6414/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6414/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Effect of Cr3+ doping on structural\, electronic and optical prope
 rty of ZnGa2O4 for bio imaging application
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6613@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: megersa kasim hussen (UFS)\nEffect of Cr3+ doping on
  structural\, electronic and optical property of ZnGa2O4 for bio imaging a
 pplication\nHussen M. K.*\, Dejene B.F\, \nDepartment of Physics\, Univers
 ity of the Free State (Qwaqwa Campus)\, Private Bag X13\,\nPhuthaditjhaba\
 , 9866\, South Africa\n* Corresponding author: Tel: +27 58 718 5269\; Fax:
  +27 58 718 5444\; \nE-mail:megekasim@gmail.com\nKey words:ZnGa2O4 nanopar
 ticles\, Citric acid\, Cubic\, Blue emission\,Bio-imaging\nAbstract:This p
 aper reports the material properties of undoped and Cr3+ -doped zinc galla
 te (ZnGa2O4) nanopowder synthesized by citric acid assisted sol-gel method
  doped with chromium of different molar concentrations (0.005-- 0.025%).Th
 e XRD patterns revealedthat all the nano powders synthesized are cubic str
 uctured and Cr-doping did not affect the structure at all. The SEM microgr
 aphs show that nano powders are nearly spherical but became agglomerate wi
 th high doping of chromium concentrations. EDSmeasurement confirm the pres
 ence of the Zn\, Ga\, O and Cr ions.UndopedZnGa2O4nanopowder displace a br
 oad blue emission but doping Cr ions caused the emission to occur in the n
 ear infrared region. An increase in Cr ions leads significantly enhancemen
 t in the NIR emission.  The PL emission wavelength was also observed to de
 pendent on the excitation wavelength and these nanomaterials can effective
 ly be usedfor bio imaging application [1]. The TL intensity was recorded f
 or different UV irradiation and it display a single broad glow curve while
  the glow the intensity is seen to increase with increasing UV expose time
 . The effect of different heating rates was also studied and is seen to ca
 use peak temperature shifts.  Repeated measurements on the same sample see
 m not to have any effect on peak temperature positions and TL intensity in
 dicating the sample was stable.\n\nReference: [1] K. J. Lee\, MSc thesis\,
  Texas A&M University\, 2005\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contri
 butions/6613/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6613/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Energy Management in the Balance of System Components in a Stand-A
 lone Building Integrated Photovoltaic System
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6399@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Carine Buma (Fort Hare Institute of Technology)\nOnl
 y 17% of South Africa’s energy comes from renewable sources even though 
 this country is endowed with rich solar resources of 220 W/m2 as compared 
 to Europe’s 120 W/m2 and the USA’s resource of 100 W/m2. The use of Bu
 ilding Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) systems for its three decades of exi
 stence has claimed only a 1% share of the total photovoltaic installations
  worldwide. Very little of this technology has been reported in South Afri
 ca. The aim of this work is to evaluate the performance of the balance of 
 system components in a stand-alone BIPV system\, and to account for the en
 ergy flow in the system. It is imperative to have an in-depth understandin
 g of the underlying factors governing the charging and discharging regimes
  of the battery\, the low voltage disconnect and high voltage reconnect re
 gimes of the load and type of charging regimes under the maximum power poi
 nt tracking (MPPT) algorithm on the modules.\nThis paper disseminates the 
 intricate relations between the various regimes in detail.  Results obtain
 ed show that\, with a demand of 4.5 kWh/day\, just 58.4% of this system’
 s potential is used. If this system is connected to the grid\, it will fee
 d energy worth R623\,40/month to the grid\, which is unused (wasted) due t
 o the MPPT charge controller regulations.  This amount is based on the loc
 al municipality tariff. Also\, the inverter’s peak efficiency is 80.5%. 
 This efficiency goes down to 31.2% when operated at 0.8% of its capacity. 
  The battery round trip efficiency is 93%.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/e
 vent/91/contributions/6399/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6399/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:NLO Dynamics of Falling Strings in AdS/CFT
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6400@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nicole Moodley (University of Cape Town)\nWe use the
  gauge/gravity duality to compute the penetration depth of a quark moving 
 through a strongly-coupled N = 4 SU(Nc) super-symmetric Yang-Mills plasma.
  Using numerical techniques\, we study the effect of next-to-leading order
  fluctuations on the holographic string in AdS5-Schwarzchild.\n\nhttps://e
 vents.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6400/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6400/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Solar Metrology at the Fort Hare institute of Technology\, Alice\,
  South Africa
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6401@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Carine Buma (Fort Hare Institute of Technology)\nThe
  sun is the major source of energy on the planet and is at the center of a
 ll the other energy sources. The energy generated by the sun is more than 
 enough to take care of the earth’s energy needs. Knowledge of the solar 
 characteristics for a particular location is very important to different f
 ields of study\, amongst which are solar photovoltaic systems. The existin
 g literature on solar characterization of various locations\, deals mainly
  with locations in the Northern hemisphere. Applying the same procedures t
 o locations in the southern hemisphere can be very cumbersome and confusin
 g at times.\nTherefore\, the aim of this work is to do an in-depth analysi
 s of the solar characteristics at the Fort Hare Institute of Technology lo
 cated in the Southern hemisphere. The parameters examined include\; variat
 ions in the solar altitude\, zenith angle\, azimuth angle\, sunrise time\,
  sunset time\, solar noon\, direct\, diffuse and reflected solar insolatio
 n\, solar declination\, equation of time\, solar analemma and air mass rat
 io for a period of one year. Furthermore\, an analysis of the yearly weath
 er patterns such as rainfall\, wind speed and direction\, ambient temperat
 ure and relative humidity were also examined. Existing mathematical models
  from literature were used to do the analyses and a real time simulation w
 as developed on an excel spreadsheet to for the various parameters to see 
 how they each change at various hours of the day for the entire year.  Thi
 s calculated data were then superimposed on data measured by a recently in
 stalled\, comprehensive Solar Measurment Station. The science of the solar
  measurment or solar metrology forms the basis for the paper.\n\nhttps://e
 vents.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6401/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6401/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Investigating electronic pedestals of the analogue front-end board
 s of the upgraded High-Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.-I) cameras
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6402@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kleopas Shiningayamwe (The University of Namibia)\nT
 he High-Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) is an array of five imaging 
 atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes located in the Khomas Highland in Namibia
 \, dedicated to very-high-energy (VHE\, 100 GeV - 100 TeV) gamma-ray astro
 nomy. It consists of four identical 12 m diameter telescopes (H.E.S.S.-I) 
 which started operating in 2003 and a large 28 m diameter telescope (H.E.S
 .S.-II) which was brought online in 2012. \n\nThe H.E.S.S.-I camera upgrad
 e project was aimed to increase the stability and performances of the came
 ra operation by replacing the 13 years old camera electronics with modern-
 day technologies. The most delicate parts of the upgraded electronics are 
 the readout boards of the drawers\, which have been upgraded with a new an
 alog memory. A significant level of cross-talk has been observed in the an
 alog front-end boards of the H.E.S.S.-I camera upgrade. The observation of
  such level of cross-talk motivated a deeper study of the electronic pedes
 tals of the upgraded H.E.S.S.-I cameras\, as pedestal studies could help t
 o understand the origin of such a cross-talk. The cameras require a low le
 vel of noise in their electronics in order to capture the faint light and 
 individual Cherenkov photons. Also\, a low level of noise in the camera el
 ectronics improves the accuracy in the interpretation of the data which in
  turn leads to better results from the data taken with these cameras. \nA 
 C++ code written in ROOT modular scientific software framework has been de
 veloped for the analysis of the data taken with a drawer on the Test bench
  at DESY in Zeuthen\, Germany. So far\, from the computation of the auto-c
 orrelation function and Fourier transform of the electronic pedestals\, no
  characteristic patterns have been found to explain the level of cross-tal
 k observed. The investigations of the noise level of the rear part of the 
 electronic boards will be continued.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/9
 1/contributions/6402/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6402/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Systematic model construction by squared series expansions
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T132000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T134000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6403@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Antonie de Beer (Student)\nIn data analysis it is of
 ten difficult to understand which parameters\nin a model are relevant and 
 which are not. The number of parameters\nmust also be optimised in a syste
 matic way.\n\nIn the Bayesian framework\, the optimal set of parameters is
  determined\nby maximising the model evidence (eg via the Savage-Dickey de
 nsity\nratio)\, which is made up of a likelihood and a prior probability.\
 n\nCommonly encountered orthogonal series expansions are\, however\,\nnece
 ssarily oscillatory and hence cannot describe positive definite\nlikelihoo
 d probabilities. Expanding square roots of the likelihood\npermits us to a
 chieve positivity. The argument for using square roots\nis reinforced by t
 he constraints to the model by the Savage-Dickey\ndensity ratio and the Je
 ffreys prior.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6403/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6403/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Overview of recent results in the diphoton decay channel with pp c
 ollisions collected during 2015 and 2016 at 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T082000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6415@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Robert Reed (University of Witwatersrand)\nThe LHC b
 egan Run II operations in the second half of 2015. This is the first physi
 cs run since the discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012 and opens the door t
 o new physics beyond the standard model. Recent results based on the 2015 
 and 2016 data include the measurement of the fiducial\, differential and p
 roduction cross sections of the Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson of mass 12
 5.09 GeV as well as Beyond the SM searches for resonances in the high mass
  diphoton region. An overview of these recent results will be given.\n\nht
 tps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6415/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A404
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6415/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Ancillary detectors at the K600 magnetic spectrometer
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6404@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Paul Papka (Stellenbosch University)\nCoincidence me
 asurement capability was implemented at the K600 spectrometer in order to 
 achieve higher selectivity and to obtain more information in nuclear struc
 ture studies. This presentation gives an overview of the technical solutio
 ns and performance of the ancillary detectors available at the K600 spectr
 ometer. Dedicated electronics were installed allowing up to 160 detector c
 hannels to be coupled with the existing VME based data acquisition system.
  A new scattering chamber was designed for zero degrees and small angle me
 asurements. This chamber was built to accommodate compact charged particle
  detector arrangements with minimum amount of material to allow simultaneo
 us gamma-ray detection. The chamber is now operational at large angles (17
 -41 degrees) with sliding seal equivalent mechanism to operate optimally a
 ngle changes under vacuum conditions. The CAKE array (Coincidence Array fo
 r K600 Experiments) was implemented successfully and is now operated routi
 nely at zero degrees and finite spectrometer angles. The silicon detectors
  are being optimised with a redesign of the segmentation for improved angu
 lar distribution measurements. The BaGeL (Ball of Germanium and LaBr3) arr
 ay was implemented in the year 2016. Two measurements were performed succe
 ssfully using 8 HPGe clovers and two large volume LaBr3 detectors. The int
 egration of the GAMKA spectrometer is anticipated with various detector ar
 rangements combining up to 17 HPGe clover detectors and 23 large volume La
 Br3 detectors.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6404/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6404/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Noncentral r-priors
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6405@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Michiel De Kock (Stellenbosch University)\nWhile the
  Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) and Akaike\nInformation Criterion (A
 IC) are powerful tools for model selection in linear regression\, they can
  fail dramatically in low signal to noise situations. We shall argue that 
 this is caused by the implicit choice of priors underlying these criteria.
  Analysing these priors in the context of an expanded model-plus-noise spa
 ce\, we design more appropriate priors and a derive from them a new ``Nonc
 entral Information Criterion'' which inherits the good properties of the B
 IC and AIC but performs better than both.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/ev
 ent/91/contributions/6405/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6405/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Shell-model calculations of the Cl-34(p\,gamma )Ar-35 astrophysica
 l rp reaction rates
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6406@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Werner Richter (Stellenbosch University)\nThe thermo
 nuclear Cl-34(p\,gamma)Ar-35 reaction rates are unknown at nova temperatur
 es due to a lack of experimental nuclear physics data for the resonances u
 p to about 800 keV above the Ar-35 proton separation energy. We present re
 sults of calculations in a\nfull (0+1)(h/2π)ω model space using the inte
 raction sdpfmu. The basis consists of a complete 1(h/2π)ω basis made fro
 m all possible excitations of one nucleon from 0p\nto 1s-0d or the excitat
 ion of one nucleon from 1s-0d to 0p-1f. Such calculations were carried out
  recently for the first time for the P-30(p\,gamma)S-31 reaction. We expli
 citly calculate the rates for transitions from the ground state of Cl-34 a
 s well as from the isomeric first excited state of Cl-34. Spectroscopic fa
 ctors and proton-decay widths are calculated for input into the reaction r
 ate. Available experimental data are used in conjunction with the calculat
 ions to obtain an estimate for the reaction rate. The negative parity stat
 es contribute significantly to the total reaction rate\, comparable to the
  positive parity states\, both for transitions from the ground state of Cl
 -34 and the isomeric first excited state. The contributions to the positiv
 e parity states from the first excited state of Cl-34 are comparable to th
 ose from the ground state. The calculations also serve to identify the mos
 t prominent resonances in the reaction rates. The analysis should serve as
  a guide for experiments as the spin-parity assignments of the most promin
 ent resonances and their relative strengths are given.\n\nhttps://events.s
 aip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6406/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6406/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The study on the synthesis and deposition parameters of metal dope
 d-ZnO thin films for applications in in inverted organic solar cells
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6407@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Luleka Menzi (Unisa)\nThis study focuses on aluminum
  doped-zinc oxide (AZO) nanoparticles which have been synthesized using th
 e sol-gel method at room temperature. The gel was a resultant of a zinc ac
 etate dehydrate precursor\, absolute ethanol as a solvent\, dimethylsulfox
 ide (DMSO) as a stabilizing ligand and tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH
 \, 25WT%) to initiate ZnO nanoparticle formation. The zinc acetate dehydra
 te mass was varied from 1g to 6g and the dopant concentration was varied f
 rom 1 to 5 mol%. . The products were spin coated onto glass substrates at 
 different spin rotations\, from 500rpm to 2500rpm. AZO thin films\, showed
  crystallite size in the range of 2 to 5nm with spherical shape and 2θ = 
 34.34o corresponding to (002) plane of Hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO
 . Spin coating does not produce uniformly deposited films so the defects a
 re expected to change with the deposition speeds. AZO thin films showed hi
 gher transparency greater than 80% in the visible region while the electri
 cal resistivity can be expected to be 10-3 Ωcm. The AZO thin films were 
 further characterized for elemental composition using energy dispersive sp
 ectroscopy (EDS). Film thickness\, refractive index and dielectric constan
 ts were determined using spectroscopic ellipsometer. Hall measurement syst
 em was used to measure the sheet resistance\, carrier concentration and mo
 bility of AZO thin films.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contribut
 ions/6407/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6407/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:AIR CONDITIONING PERFORMANCE MONITORING IMPROVEMENT VIA REGRESSION
  MODELLING
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6408@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: GLORY BANTAN MAFOR (UNIVERSITY OF FORT HARE)\nAs a r
 esult of system operation complexity owing to the huge number of dynamic f
 actors influencing the system’s operation\, air conditioning (AC) perfor
 mance monitoring has been a fastidious task. These influencing factors cut
  across the environmental\, human and system behavioural variation. Trying
  to monitor performance based on predictors from one major influencer will
  compromise monitoring accuracy. This paper elaborates on the development 
 of four multiple linear regression models that can be used to monitor the 
 heating and cooling performance of a domestic split-type AC. The predictor
 s used cut across the three main performance influencers and include perfo
 rmance ratio (PR)\, ambient temperature and room temperature. These models
  correlate system heating and cooling thermodynamic (COPc and COPh) and el
 ectrical (energy) performance to afore mentioned predictors. Data used to 
 develop these models was obtained from an experimental set up installed in
  a residential home in Alice\, Eastern Cape Province\, South Africa. The d
 eveloped models had correlation and determination coefficient in the range
  0.90 – 0.95\, thus indicating a strong connexion between the predictors
 \, modelled and actual responses. This goes to show that afore mentioned p
 redictors do not only greatly influence system performance but can also be
  used to improve on the accuracy of monitoring and predicting the performa
 nce of a domestic split-type AC with an eminent degree of accuracy.\n\nhtt
 ps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6408/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6408/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Sense-making in physics
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T125000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T134000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6437@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Saalih Allie (UCT)\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event
 /91/contributions/6437/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6437/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Feasibility of Nuclear Plasma Interaction studies with the Activat
 ion Techniques
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T101000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T103000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6409@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nogwanya Thembalethu (UWC)\nElectron-mediated nuclea
 r plasma interactions (NPIs)\, such as Nuclear Excita-\ntion by Electron C
 apture (NEEC) or Transition (NEET)\, may have significant\nimpact on nucle
 ar cross sections in High Energy Density Plasmas (HEDPs).\nThese HEDP envi
 ronments are found in the cosmos where nucleosynthesis takes\nplace. Attem
 pts have failed so far in measuring the NEEC process [1]\, while\nNEET has
  recently been observed experimentally [2]. NEEC\, NPIs have not\nbeen obs
 erved due to the narrowness of nuclear transitions (Γ ≤ 1eV ). The\nNPI
 s may occur on highly excited nuclear states in the quasi-continuum which\
 nis populated in nuclear reactions prior to their decay by spontaneous γ-
 ray emis-\nsion. Direct observation of NPIs are hindered by the lack of a 
 clear signature\nof the effect in HEDP environments. Hence\, a new signatu
 re [3] for NPIs on\nhighly excited nuclei will be tested by investigating 
 isomeric to ground state\nfeeding from the quasi-continuum region. An expe
 riment was performed using\nthe reactions 197 Au( 13 C\, 12 C) 198 Au and 
 197 Au( 13 C\, 12 C2n) 196 Au at Lawrence\nBerkeley National Laboratory in
  inverse kinematics with a 197 Au beam of 8.5\nMeV/u energy. The activated
  foils were counted at the low-background count-\ning facility of Lawrence
  Livermore National Laboratory. I will discuss several\nmeasurements with 
 different target configurations to investigate the feasibility\nof NPI stu
 dies.\nReferences\n[1] P. Morel et al.\, Nucl. Phys. A 746\, 608c (2004)\n
 [2] S. Kishimoto et al.\, Phys. Lett. 85 \, 1831 (2000)\n[3] D. L. Bleuel 
 et al.\, Plasma and Fusion Research 11\, 3401075 (2016)\n\nhttps://events.
 saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6409/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6409/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Preparation and evaluation of NIR up-converting ZnTiO3:Er3+ nanoph
 osphor prepared by conventional solid state reaction.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6410@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sefako John Mofokeng (University of South Africa)\nU
 p-converting luminescent nanoparticles are promising and advantageous alte
 rnative to possess anti-Stokes shift emission by up-converting near infrar
 ed (NIR) excitation light (980 nm) to emit visible light [1\, 2]. In the p
 resent work\, ZnTiO3 nanophosphor doped with different concentrations of E
 r3+ ions were synthesized via a conventional solid state reaction method u
 sing metal oxides as precursors. The crystal structure\, particle morpholo
 gy\, optical  and up-conversion luminescence properties of ZnTiO3:Er3+ nan
 ophosphor were analyzed using various techniques such as X-ray diffraction
  (XRD)\, scanning electron microscopy (SEM)\, energy dispersive X-ray spec
 troscopy (EDS) UV-Vis spectroscopy and photoluminecsent (PL) spectroscopy\
 , respectively. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirmed crystalliza
 tion of hexagonal ZnTiO3 phase. In addition\, photoluminescence properties
  showed green (2H11/2\, 4S3/2 → 4I15/2 transitions) and red (4F9/2 → 4
 I15/2 transition) emissions from Er3+ when excited in the NIR region with 
 an excitation wavelength of 980 nm diode-laser. The interaction mechanisms
  involved in the up-conversion process of ZnTiO3:Er3+ nanophosphor is disc
 ussed with the help of an energy-level schematic.\n\nKey words: Nano-phosp
 hor\, up-conversion luminescence\, Er3+ ions.\n\nReferences\n[1] L. Lei\, 
 J. Zhu\, G. Xia\, H. Feng\, H. Zhang and Y. Han. Talanta 162 (2017) 339–
 344.\n[2] E. Palo\, M. Tuomisto\, I. Hyppanen\, H.C. Swart\, J. Holsa\, T.
  Soukka and M. Lastusaari. Journal of Luminescence 185 (2017) 125–131.\n
 \nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6410/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6410/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Development of a Supercontinuum based Nonlinear Optical Microscopy
  setup
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6411@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: George Okyere Dwapanyin (Stellenbosch University)\nN
 onlinear Optical microscopy (NLOM) has been used in recent years in probin
 g biological tissues both in vivo and in vitro due to its numerous advanta
 ges such as intrinsic 3D imaging with submicron spatial resolution\, decre
 ased photodamage\, increased depth of penetration and the ability to perfo
 rm label-free imaging. The integration of a broadband supercontinuum (SC) 
 light source within a NLOM setup provides the versatility of accommodating
  multiple imaging modalities in a single setup\, while also increasing the
  intensity of the output signal as a result of the high peak intensity ach
 ieved through temporal pulse compression of the SC pulse. This research fo
 cuses on the development of a SC based NLOM setup with a broadband source 
 generated from a passive highly nonlinear All Normal Dispersion Photonic C
 rystal Fiber (ANDi-PCF). Spectral phase distortions caused by the nonlinea
 r properties in the PCF are also characterized and corrected using a Multi
 photon Intrapulse Interference Phase Scan (MIIPS) compression algorithm. P
 reliminary results will be shown and discussed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org
 .za/event/91/contributions/6411/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6411/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Stopless removal in the Tile Muon trigger system of the Tile Calor
 imeter in the ATLAS detector
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6412@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Humphry Tlou (University of the Witwatersrand)\nATLA
 S (A Toroidal LHC Apparatus) is one of the two general-purpose detectors a
 t the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The Tile Calorimeter (TileCal) is the h
 adronic calorimeter of the ATLAS experiment\, it is made out of iron plate
 s and plastic scintillator. The TileCal is divided into three cylinders al
 ong the beam direction\, each of which is segmented azimuthally into 64 mo
 dules. The photo multiplier tubes (PMTs) and the front-end electronics are
  located in the super-drawers in the outermost part of the modules.TileCal
  online software is a set of Trigger and Data Acquisition (TDAQ)\, and its
  main purpose is to readout\, transport and store physics data originating
  from collisions at the LHC. The Tile Muon trigger system is part of the t
 rigger system\, it is used for the detection of interesting muon events us
 ing the outermost radial layers( D5 and D6 cells) of the TileCal system. A
  special board called “Tile Muon Digitizer Board” (TMDB) is responsibl
 e for digitizing the analogue muon trigger output from the D5 and D6 cells
 . The TMDB is also a Read Out Driver (ROD) that sends outputs to the Read 
 Out System(ROS)\, just like most RODs and it provides a busy signal to reg
 ulate the trigger rate due to bandwidth limitations. The main source of th
 e Level-1 Muon-Trigger background in the end-cap region is low momentum pr
 otons emerging from magnets and shielding in the forward region. They prod
 uce correlated hits leading to coincidences in the trigger muon chambers u
 p to the highest transverse momentum muon threshold. Requiring a coinciden
 ce with some other detectors lying inside the toroid magnets and shielding
 \, lowers the fake event trigger rate. There is always a possibility to re
 sult in a permanent busy assertion by the TMDB boards due to hardware or f
 irmware failures. Tile muon trigger system requires functionalities that w
 ill aid in detecting changes in conditions of an asserted permanent busy a
 nd send the stopless removal (recovery commands) to instruct the TDAQ syst
 em to remove the corresponding TMDB. This ensures that the corresponding i
 nput is ignored\,allowing the triggers to flow again. This contribution di
 scusses in detail the stopless removal software for the TileCal online sof
 tware.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6412/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6412/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Bias-enhanced nucleation and growth for improving the opto-mechani
 cal properties of diamond-like carbon films
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6413@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Daniel Wamwangi (wits)\, Mathe Bhekumusa (wits)\nAmo
 rphous C/diamond-like thin films have been prepared by rf plasma enhanced 
 vapour deposition from a CH4/Ar gas mixture. Infrared and optical-ultravio
 let absorption characteristics are reported and used to characterize the b
 onding and optical properties of these films. The relationship between the
  optical band gap\, dc self-bias and the hydrogen content is investigated.
  It is found that the hydrogen content is not directly related to the opti
 cal band gap. In addition\, the tensile Young's modulus and the torsion sh
 ear modulus of the DLC films are measured using Brillouin light scattering
  and correlated with the possible growth of polymeric carbon chains and in
 creased clustering.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6
 413/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6413/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Exploring new physics in events with missing transverse energy and
  a Higgs boson decaying to two photons with the ATLAS detector
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T082000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6416@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Shell-may Liao (University of the Witwatersrand\, Sc
 hool of Physics\, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue\, Braamfontein\, Johannesburg\, 2000\
 , South Africa”)\nThe results of a search for new phenomena in events wi
 th missing transverse energy (MET) and a Higgs boson decaying to two photo
 ns are presented. Data from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass e
 nergy of 13 TeV\, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb-1 h
 ave been collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2015 and 2016. Th
 e results of this search are interpreted in terms of a model in which a he
 avy scalar\, denoted 'H'\, decays into the Higgs boson and dark matter can
 didates (H->h&Chi&Chi). A model formulated based on inconsistencies in the
  Higgs boson transverse momentum distribution (pT\,H) measured by ATLAS an
 d CMS as well as other excesses in the data. Limits were placed on the bra
 nching ratio of H->h&Chi&Chi using Run II data and the analysis is perform
 ed in several categories based on MET and MET significance and splitting i
 nto the same vertex method. The results from this search are discussed.\n\
 nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6416/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A404
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6416/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The response of the ionosphere to geomagnetic storms within 20&deg
 E – 40&degE African longitude sector
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6417@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tshimangadzo Merline Matamba (South African National
  Space Agency Space Science\, Hermanus\, South Africa)\nGeomagnetic storms
  are mainly driven by Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) and Co-rotating Intera
 ction Regions (CIRs). In response to the magnetosphere-ionosphere system\,
  different ionospheric storm effects may be observed in mid\, low and equa
 torial latitude regions depending on the driving mechanisms of any particu
 lar geomagnetic storm. This work will discuss ionospheric storm effects du
 ring both CME and CIR driven storms over the African sector for the period
  2000 - 2015. The dependence of ionospheric storm effects on solar activit
 y and some mechanism that influences the ionospheric storm effects are pre
 sented.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6417/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6417/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Nuclear level densities and gamma-ray strength functions of <sup>1
 80\,181\,182</sup>Ta and neutron capture cross sections
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6418@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kgashane Malatji (SU)\nMost stable and extremely low
  abundance proton-rich nuclei with A ~ 110 are thought to be produced by t
 he photodisintegration of s- and r- process seed nuclei. However\, this so
 -called p-process is insufficient to explain the observed low abundance (0
 .012%) of the 180Ta isotope. Hence combinations of several processes are c
 onsidered to reproduce the observed abundance of 180Ta in the cosmos\, pro
 voking debates and making it a unique case to study. Significant uncertain
 ties in the predicted reaction rates in p-nuclei arise due to large uncert
 ainties in nuclear properties such as the nuclear level densities (NLD) an
 d gamma-ray strength functions (γSF) [1]\, as well as the actual astrophy
 sical environments. An experiment was performed in October 2014 to extract
  the NLD and γSF in 180\,181\,182Ta isotopes which provide important inpu
 t parameters for nuclear reaction models. In the present case study\, thes
 e parameters were measured using the reactions 181Ta(3He\, 4He'γ) and 181
 Ta(3He\, αγ) with 34 MeV beam\, 181Ta(d\, d'γ) and 181Ta(3He\, tγ) wit
 h 15 MeV beam \, and 181Ta(d\, d'γ) and 181Ta(d\, pγ) with 12.5 MeV beam
  at the Oslo Cyclotron Laboratory. Using the SiRi array at backward angles
  (64 silicon particle telescopes) and the CACTUS array (26 NaI(Tl) detecto
 rs)\, the NLD and γSF were simultaneously extracted below the neutron sep
 aration energy from particle-γ coincidence matrices through iterative pro
 cedures using the Oslo method [2]. The experimental results have been used
  to determine the corresponding neutron capture cross sections\, which in 
 turn were utilized to extract Maxwellian averaged cross sections. The latt
 er can be used in astrophysical network calculations to investigate the ga
 lactic production mechanism of 180Ta. In this talk I will present results 
 of this investigation. \n[1] S. Goriely et al.\, A&A J. 375\, L35 (2001). 
 \n[2] A. Schiller et al.\, NIM Phys. Res. A 447\, 498 (2000).\n\nhttps://e
 vents.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6418/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6418/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Simulation of Ground Level Spectral Solar Irradiance in Rwanda usi
 ng LibRadtran.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6419@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: MARIE CHANTAL CYULINYANA (Department of Physics\, Un
 iversity of Johannesburg)\nOptimising solar power development in Rwanda re
 quires accurate knowledge of the spectral distribution of solar irradiatio
 n reaching the Earth's surface at different wavelengths. To characterize t
 he effect of aerosols on surface solar irradiance\, the simulation of a cl
 oudless atmosphere is presented in this study. The irradiance spectrum is 
 obtained by solving the radiative transfer equation for this aerosol distr
 ibution using established radiative transfer codes. The results show a spe
 ctral distribution simulated using LibRadtran\, which is one such software
  package. Its main program\, UVSPEC is a radiative transfer tool mainly us
 ed to compute radiances\, irradiances\, and actinic fluxes in the solar an
 d thermal spectral regions. \nThe aerosols properties are furthermore inve
 stigated through comparison with archival sunphotometry data from the regi
 on and their effect on the surface solar radiation. It is then shown how t
 he outcome of this calculation may be used to estimate local energy yield.
 \n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6419/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6419/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:J/ψ suppression at forward rapidity in Pb–Pb collisions
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6420@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Siegfried Förtsch (iThemba LABS)\nThe Quark Gluon P
 lasma (QGP)\, characterized by high temperature and density\, is a state o
 f strongly interacting matter in which the constituents of hadronic matter
 \, the quarks and gluons\, are no longer confined. Some of the most sensit
 ive probes of the QGP are charmonia and bottomonia\, which are bound state
 s of charm–anticharm (c-c̅) or bottom–antibottom (b-b̅) quarks\, res
 pectively. Early theoretical models predicted a suppression of these bound
  states to be induced by the screening of the color force in a deconfined 
 medium and to become stronger as the QGP temperature increases. For the J/
 Ψ meson\, the ground cc̅ state\, a suppression was found for nucleus-nuc
 leus interactions at centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair\, √sNN\, ran
 ging from 17.62 GeV to 2.76 TeV. However\, at 2.76 TeV this suppression is
  found to be lower than observed at lower energies. This observation is un
 expected since the initial temperature of the QGP is higher at 2.76 TeV. T
 his could be explained in terms of contributions from J/ψ regeneration vi
 a a recombination mechanism between the c and c̅ quarks during the phase 
 of no confinement and/or the hadronisation phase of the medium. This inter
 play between suppression and regeneration of J/ψ production at the LHC ca
 n be studied further by comparing the centrality and pT dependence of the 
 J/ψ\, measured at √sNN=2.76 TeV\, to that obtained at √sNN=5.02 TeV\,
  the highest energy available in nuclear collisions.\nRecently the ALICE C
 ollaboration presented the first results on the J/ψ measured in Pb–Pb c
 ollisions at √sNN=5.02 TeV and the integrated and pT-differential J/ψ p
 roduction cross section in pp collisions at the same energy. In both Pb–
 Pb and pp collisions\, the J/ψ is reconstructed via its dimuon decay chan
 nel at forward rapidity\, 2.5\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contr
 ibutions/6420/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A404
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6420/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Non-radiating accelerating electrons
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6421@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jason Webster (University of Stellenbosch)\nCharged 
 particles following curved paths are known to produce synchrotron radiatio
 n. This radiation causes a power loss that serves as a limiting factor whe
 n producing high energy particle collisions\, particularly when the radius
  of curvature is small or the speed is close to c. Typically\, one makes u
 se of the electron in such high energy experiments and treats this as a cl
 assical particle. Here\, we’ve made use of the wave nature of electrons 
 in order to produce a structured electron wave field\, and have demonstrat
 ed the creation of an angularly accelerating beam of electrons that produc
 es no radiation. Additionally\, we have made theoretical predictions on th
 e electromagnetic field surrounding such a beam to understand why such a b
 eam does not radiate.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions
 /6421/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6421/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Characterisation of the optical properties of silver nanoparticles
  (Ag NPs) for enhancing organic photovoltaic (OPV) device performance.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T082000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6422@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Joseph Kirui (University of Venda)\nThe main aim of 
 the study was to enhance  the overall performance of the photovoltaic devi
 ce through incorporation of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). Eight glass pla
 tes coated with  indium tin oxide (ITO) on one side were used\;  two of th
 em were etched by reacting hydrochloric acid with zinc powder.  Silver nan
 oparticles of varying concentrations were then deposited on the ITO-glass 
 substrates using radio frequency (RF) sputtering method. Poly(3\,4-ethyler
 edioxythiopene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) was deposited onto the e
 tched substrates using spin coating method. The optical properties were in
 vestigated using UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy where the surface plas
 mon peaks were recorded approximately 347 nm and 576 nm for transmittance 
 and absorption respectively. The effect of both low and high concentration
 s of Ag NPs were studied\; the former allowed more light to pass through w
 hereas the latter caused the shifting of peaks to the visible region. In a
 ddition\,  PEDOT:PSS reduces  the reflective properties of  glass and gene
 rate a negative absorbance and  hence more electron-hole pairs. \n\nKey Wo
 rds: surface plasmon resonance (SPR)\, radio frequency (RF) sputtering\, A
 g NPs\, PEDOT:PSS\, ITO\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributio
 ns/6422/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6422/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Nano-fabricated SiN holograms for probing matter with structured w
 aves
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6423@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jason Webster (University of Stellenbosch)\nStructur
 ing matter is typically associated with structuring the particle nature of
  matter in its physical form. At the micro and nano scales\, such matter m
 anipulation is typically achieved through the use of a focused ion beam (F
 IB) instrument\, allowing for applications within transmission electron mi
 croscopy (TEM)\, micromachining\, semiconductor ion implantation\, and man
 y others.  Here\, we demonstrate the creation of a FIB manufactured SiN di
 ffraction grating for use in a TEM\, allowing us to structure the wave nat
 ure of electrons\, where as an example we demonstrate the creation of an a
 ngularly accelerating electron Bessel beam. These SiN gratings can act as 
 holograms for matter waves\, and have already opened up prospects for prob
 ing deeper into complex material properties than is currently possible wit
 h standard TEM techniques.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contribu
 tions/6423/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6423/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Synthesis and characterization of Ce<sup>3+</sup> doped NaMPO<sub>
 4</sub> (M= Mg\, Ca\, Sr and Ba) phosphors
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6424@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Prettier Morongoa Maleka (Yes)\nCerium (Ce3+) doped 
 alkaline-sodium-phosphate or NaMPO4 (where M= Mg\, Ca\, Sr and Ba) phospho
 rs were prepared by solution combustion method with different doping conce
 ntrations of Ce3+ (0.5 mol %\, 1.0 mol % and 1.5 mol %). X-ray powder diff
 raction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM)\, were used to analys
 e the crystalline structure and particle morphology of the samples\, respe
 ctively. The optical properties including reflectance\, excitation and emi
 ssion were investigated using UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and photolumi
 nescence (PL) spectroscopy while stretching modes and electronic and chemi
 cal composition were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscop
 y and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.  The XRD and SEM results confirm t
 hat the samples contain mixture of phases of crystals. The excitation spec
 trum of the phosphors were characterized by broad band extending from 250 
 to 400 nm. The PL emission spectrum of the sample showed a broad band loca
 ted between 310 and 400 nm in the UV range\, which is due to the allowed 4
 f05d1 → 4f1 5d0transition of Ce3+ ions. The effects of Mg2+\, Ca2+\, Sr2
 + and Ba2+ substitution on the particle morphology and photoluminescence e
 mission intensity will be reported.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91
 /contributions/6424/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6424/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Search for boosted heavy neutrino with  the ATLAS detector at the 
 LHC
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6425@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tshidiso Molupe (University of the Witwatersrand)\nT
 he search for the discovery potential at the LHC of a high-mass right hand
 ed (RH) gauge boson WR which decays to a heavy neutrino and a lepton. The 
 neutrinos that are produced are highly boosted and subsequently decay via 
 off-shell WR boson to jets and a lepton (N→ljj). The decay products are 
 highly collimated\, formi ng a single neutrino jet. The focus is on the re
 gime where the WR is very heavy compared to the heavy Majorana neutrino N.
  In ATLAS\, a large radius jet with an electron inside has never been look
 ed at. The performance study will be shown\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/e
 vent/91/contributions/6425/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A404
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6425/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Controlling light harvesting with light
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6426@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tjaart Krüger (University of Pretoria)\nWhen expose
 d to intense sunlight all organisms performing oxygenic photosynthesis imp
 lement various photoprotective strategies to prevent potentially lethal ph
 otodamage. The rapidly responding photoprotective mechanisms\, occurring i
 n the light-harvesting pigment-protein antennae\, take effect within tens 
 of seconds\, while the dramatic and potentially harmful light intensity fl
 uctuations manifest also on shorter timescales. Here we show that upon ill
 umination\, individual phycobilisomes from Synechocystis PCC 6803\, which 
 in vivo under low-light conditions harvest solar energy\, have the inbuilt
  capacity to switch rapidly and reversibly into light-activated energy-dis
 sipating states. Simultaneously measured fluorescence intensity\, lifetime
  and spectra\, compared with a multi-compartmental kinetic model\, reveale
 d that essentially any subunit of a phycobilisome can be quenched\, and th
 at the core complexes were targeted most frequently. Our results provide t
 he first evidence for fluorescence blinking from a biologically active sys
 tem at physiological light intensities and suggest that the light-controll
 ed switches to intrinsically available energy dissipating states are respo
 nsible for a novel type of photoprotection in cyanobacteria. We anticipate
  other photosynthetic organisms to employ similar strategies to respond in
 stantly to rapid solar light intensity fluctuations. A detailed understand
 ing of the photophysics of photosynthetic antenna complexes is of great in
 terest for bioinspired solar energy technologies.\n\nhttps://events.saip.o
 rg.za/event/91/contributions/6426/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6426/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The (d\,3He) single-nucleon transfer reaction
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T132000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T134000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6427@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Retief Neveling (iThemba LABS)\nThe use of single-nu
 cleon transfer reactions can be used to probe nucleon occupancies and vaca
 ncies. In heavier nuclei\, the presence of high-spin orbitals (e.g. the g9
 /2 and h11/2 orbitals) makes these transfer reactions more difficult to ca
 rry out. One particular problem relates to the energy requirement for the 
 incident particle used to populate highly excited contributions from these
  orbitals. The relatively high energy of beams required are not available 
 from tandem accelerators and necessitate the use of a cyclotron. Only two 
 cyclotron facilities worldwide have available the combination of beam ener
 gies and magnetic spectrometers for these experiments to be carried out (G
 rand Raiden at RCNP\, Osaka and the K600 at iThemba). The focus of such st
 udies are transfer reactions along isotopic or isotonic chains to test the
  evolution of the shell model in these cases. The merits of studying the 6
 9Cu nucleus at iThemba LABS will be discussed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.
 za/event/91/contributions/6427/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6427/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Thermoelectric properties of CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3
 </sub> using density functional theory and Boltzmann transport calculation
 s
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6428@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ibrahim Abdallah (chool of Physics\, University of t
 he Witwatersrand)\nThe thermoelectric properties of organic-inorganic hali
 de perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 were studied by solving the semiclassical Boltzma
 nn transport equations on top of density functional theory calculations by
  using maximally-localised Wannier functions (MLWFs). Electronic transport
  properties were evaluated within the constant relaxation time approximati
 on at four different temperatures 300 K\, 500 K\, 700 K\, and 900 K. The e
 lectrical conductivity (σ) was found to be almost constant in the entire 
 temperature range\, while the Seebeck coefficient (S) was found to decreas
 e with increasing temperature and the electronic thermal conductivity (κ)
  was found to increase with increasing temperature. Theoretical results fo
 r the power factor (S2 σ) and the figure of merit (ZT ) are analysed. The
  highest predicted average figure of merit is 0.85 at 900 K.\n\nhttps://ev
 ents.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6428/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6428/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Overtaking collisions of small-amplitude supersolitons in a plasma
  with cold ions and two-temperature Boltzmann electrons
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T082000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6429@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Carel Olivier (North-West University)\nSolitons are 
 spatially localized solitary waves that propagate without changing shape o
 r velocity\, and arise as bipolar structures in the electric field. A spec
 ial class of solitons have recently been reported\, namely supersolitons [
 1]. Supersolitons are deformed solitons with additional local minima and m
 axima in the electric field\, giving rise to so-called “wiggles in the t
 ails”. Supersolitons have been predicted theoretically in many different
  plasma models. It was also shown to be stable via fluid simulations [2]. 
 However\, the collision properties have not been considered. In this paper
 \, we use a reductive perturbation analysis to study supersolitons in a pl
 asma consisting of cold ions and two-temperature Boltzmann electrons. A Ko
 rteweg-deVries-type equation is derived that governs small-amplitude super
 solitons. This equation is used to simulate supersoliton collisions\, in o
 rder to determine the properties of overtaking soliton-supersoliton and su
 persoliton-supersoliton collisions.\n\n[1] A. E. Dubinov  and D. Yu. Kolot
 kov\, Interpretation of ion-acoustic solitons of unusual form\nin experime
 nts in SF_6-Ar plasma\, High Energy Chem. 46\, 349—353 (2012).\n\n[2] A.
  Kakad\, A. Lotekar and B. Kakad\, First-ever model simulation of the new 
 subclass of solitons\n"Supersolitons" in plasma\, Phys. Plasmas 23\, 11070
 2 (2016)\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6429/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6429/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Faltering Steps into the Galaxy
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T070000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T080000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6430@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gary P. Zank (University of Alabama in Huntsville)\n
 Voyager 1 has now entered the interstellar medium\, a moment of great hist
 orical import. We describe the Voyager 1 magnetic field and energetic part
 icle observations\, the initial uncertainty surrounding a possible crossin
 g of the heliopause\, and the eventual clarification by the Plasma Waves A
 nalyzer. The interaction of the solar wind and the interstellar medium is 
 complicated by the presence of neutral hydrogen that is coupled via charge
  exchange to the plasma. We present the current status of theory\, models\
 , and simulations\, describing the highly non-equilibrated interaction and
  the underlying physics. We conclude by discussing briefly related interac
 tions of stellar winds with their local environments.\n\nhttps://events.sa
 ip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6430/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A107
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6430/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Opening New Frontiers in Nuclear Science and applications  and  Mo
 ving Forward with iThemba LABS’ Long Range Plan
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T101000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T111000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6431@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:The  iThemba  Laboratory  for  Accelerator  Based  Sciences  (
 iThemba  LABS)  is  a  National \nResearch Facility. It is also the premie
 r atomic particle accelerator laboratory on the African \ncontinent and th
 e only facility of its kind in the southern hemisphere. The facility contr
 ibutes to \nthe National System of Innovation (NSI) through the provision 
 of unique research infrastructure \nplatforms supported by highly skilled 
 scientists\, and operations staff. The research agenda of \nthe facility i
 s based largely on the Separated Sector Cyclotron (SSC)\, a particle accel
 erator \nwhich produces particle beams for research. \n \n iThemba LABS pl
 ays a pivotal role in the NSI through its collaboration network with South
  \nAfrican Universities and Institutions. The facility enjoys a prominent 
 global position and \nplays  a  critical  role  in  co-ordinating African 
 contributions in collaborative  initiatives  with \nprestigious institutio
 ns like the European Organisation for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the \njo
 int  Institute  for  Nuclear  research  (JINR)  in  Russia. The  research 
 and production  of \naccelerator-based  radioisotopes  is  a  demonstratio
 n  of  basic  and  applied  research  being \ntranslated into innovative r
 eal world solutions.  \n \niThemba LABS has adopted through its Long Range
  Plan exercise an ambitious \nstrategy  to  create  the  South  African  I
 sotope  Facility  (SAIF).  The  plan  will  be  executed \nmainly through 
 the acquisition of a new 70 MeV cyclotron\, and is based on two phases nam
 ely: \n-  Establishment of the Accelerator Centre for Exotic Isotopes (ACE
  Isotopes) which \nwill allow the migration of the radioisotope production
  programme from the existing particle \naccelerator (the SSC) to the propo
 sed new 70MeV cyclotron. This will then release capacity \non the existing
  SSC to be entirely devoted to the transdisciplinary research agenda of th
 e \nfacility which will thus meet the requirements of its national and int
 ernational stakeholders. \n-  Development of the Accelerator Centre for Ex
 otic Beams (ACE Beams) which will \nsupport  the  production  of  artifici
 ally  produced  isotopes  which  will  allow  iThemba  LABS  to \nseriousl
 y  expand  their  research  agenda  in  this  area.  The  production  of  
 exotic  beams  will \ninvigorate basic and applied research from innovativ
 e cancer therapy treatment modalities to \nunderstanding the origin and cr
 eation of chemical elements in the universe\, the latter being \nalready s
 tarted with the building of the Low Energy Radio-active Ion Beams facility
 . \n \nThe SAIF project as part of the Long Range Plan of iThemba LABS wil
 l be discussed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6431/
LOCATION:Engineering building 51 A107
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6431/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Beam shaping with controllable gain
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T105000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T111000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6432@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Igor Litvin (CSIR NLC)\nWe propose a novel laser bea
 m shaping technique based on the manipulation of the transverse gain profi
 le in the laser crystal. The method allows controllable reshaping of a las
 er output beam into a desired beam profile. The proposed technique was suc
 cessfully tested by both laser and laser amplifier systems with controllab
 le gain. Two laser diodes were used to pump the crystal and to create a de
 sirable pump beam profile. By independent manipulation of output powers of
  both pump diodes we are able to perform a controllable operation both the
  laser output intensity profile and transverse intensity of amplified lase
 r beam.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6432/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6432/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Computational modelling for understanding the fundamentals of meth
 ane oxidation over palladium oxide
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6433@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Moyahabo Hellen Chuma (Johnson Matthey)\nOne of the 
 main challenges in natural gas engine after treatment is the combustion of
  methane at lower temperatures. The presence of water and sulphur in the e
 ngine exhaust lowers the catalyst performances. With various computational
  simulations\, we are developing models that will assist in understanding 
 the fundamentals of these reactions and making predictions for further imp
 rovements of the catalysts.\nThe grid-based projector-augmented wave (GPAW
 ) method has been used to determine the reaction path of methane oxidation
  over PdO surfaces. This lead to an understanding of the complete catalyti
 c combustion of methane at a range of temperatures as well as the resultan
 t production of CO2 and H2O. A series of dopants has been introduced to th
 e surface model to determine the effect of doping on PdO. Reaction profile
 s are mapped out and preliminary results will be presented.\n\nhttps://eve
 nts.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6433/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6433/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Making calculus\, linear and quadratic graphs real  in the context
  of position\, velocity and acceleration-time graphs
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T122500Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T125000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6434@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Derek Fish (University of Zululand)\nhttps://events.
 saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6434/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6434/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Giving real meaning to gradients and intercepts through experiment
 s from chemistry\, gas laws\, electricity and physics
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T122500Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6435@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Derek Fish (University of Zululand)\nhttps://events.
 saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6435/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6435/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Applied Physics Forum AGM
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6436@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ernest van Dyk (NMMU)\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/ev
 ent/91/contributions/6436/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6436/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Efficiency calibration of the laboratory based gamma-ray detector 
 for various sample geometries
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6440@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Avuyile Sisanda Bulala (University of Cape Town)\nRa
 dioactivity has been present on earth since its formation and is part of t
 he environment we live in. Humans are exposed every day to radioactivity t
 hrough the radioactive elements that occur naturally in the environment. R
 adionuclides are found naturally in air\, water\, soil\, plants and inside
  our bodies. The radionuclides we encounter in the environment can be clas
 sified into the following three categories\; primordial\, cosmogenic and a
 nthropogenic (Knoll\, 2010). In the study radiometric measurements using v
 arious sample containers/holders are performed. Available sample holders u
 nder study are marinelli beaker\, cylinder (pill bottle) and point source.
  The gamma-ray spectrometry method is the tool used to analyse samples. Fo
 r absolute photo peak efficiency measurements IAEA reference material RGU-
 1\, RGTh-1 and potassium chloride powder were prepared for 100 ml pill bot
 tles and the Marinelli beakers (1L) then each measured in HPGe detector fo
 r a day. Additionally\, certified reference point sources bought from NMIS
 A were also measured. From the known activities of the point sources and t
 he prepared volume sources\, photopeak efficiency was calculated and effic
 iency parameters for these geometries were obtained. The experimentally de
 termined efficiency parameter of various geometries\, will therefore be co
 mpared with simulated results of similar setups. For this contribution\, t
 he efficiency of the detector as function of gamma-ray energy in various m
 easuring geometries will be discussed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event
 /91/contributions/6440/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6440/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:An International Experiment on Atmospheric effects in False Bay\, 
 South Africa
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6441@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Faith February (Institute for Maritime Technology)\n
 The First European South African Transmission Experiment (FESTER) was cond
 ucted in False Bay\, South Africa from April 2015 through February 2016. T
 he Institute for Maritime Technology (IMT)in Simon's Town\, South Africa c
 ollaborated with the Netherlands Research Organisation (TNO)\, the Fraunho
 fer Institute for Optronics\, System Technologies and Image Exploitation (
 IOSB)\, Germany and the Norwegian Defence Research Establishment during th
 e experiment. One of the objectives of the experiment was to characterize 
 the local influence on transmission\, refraction and optical turbulence. D
 uring the experiment a wide variety of environmental conditions were encou
 ntered and several equipment were deployed at different locations in False
  Bay to quantify the atmospheric effects. Additional measurements were don
 e to determine the steady state and dynamic infrared signatures of maritim
 e targets. An overview of the experiment will be given and some results wi
 ll be shown.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6441/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6441/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:<b> COMPUTATIONAL MODELLING STUDIES OF Fe-Al-X (X= Pt\, Ru) ALLOYS
  </b>
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6442@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Christine Mkhonto (University of Limpopo)\nIron alum
 inides intermetallic compounds are regarded as promising materials for ind
 ustrial applications because of their low cost\, low density\, high temper
 ature strength\, as well as excellent oxidation and corrosion resistance. 
 The Fe-Al based systems have recently attracted a lot of attention as a po
 tential replacement of steel due to their excellent resistance to oxidatio
 n at high temperatures\, yet limited room temperature ductility and a shar
 p drop in strength above 600 oC. These intermetallic ordered structures ha
 ve attracted great interest for both scientific and possible technological
  applications\, mainly based in the stoichiometric compositions of Fe3 Al 
 and FeAl\, have a great potential in a variety of structural application s
 uch as Stainless Steel Coatings\, automobile and aero-space industry in su
 bstitution of superalloys. The study will employ Density functional theory
  (DFT) to investigate the ground state energies of many-body systems using
  MedeA (VASP) and Materials Studio (CASTEP code) in order to compute the e
 lectronic structure of materials and observing similar and distinctive cha
 racteristic and behavioural properties of these alloys at different percen
 tages. The calculated cut-off energy of 500 eV\, various number of k-point
 s and geometry optimisation reveals the relaxation and stability behaviour
  of Fe-Al alloys. Density of states will further describe the interval of 
 energy at each energy level that are available to be occupied At. 0% to 10
 0% wherelse FeAl at. 50% has minimum number of density of states at fermi 
 level in a phase diagram. Phonons will be shown to further elaborate that 
 they are in agreement with the density of states obtained.\n\nhttps://even
 ts.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6442/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6442/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Charge generation from Fullerene Exciton in Low band Gap polymer b
 ased solar cells.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T122000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6443@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Newayemedhin Tegegne (Stellenbosch University)\nThe 
 bulk heterojunction of a donor polymer and fullerene derivatives is common
  active layer in organic solar cells. The choice of fullerenes plays an im
 portant role in the efficiency. The fullerene\, [6\,6]-phenyl-C71-butylic 
 acid methyl ester (PCBM71)  is chosen in many cases over [6\,6]-phenyl-C61
 -butylic acid methyl ester (PCBM61) for its higher absorption in the visib
 le. We investigated the charge dynamics of bulk heterojunction of therthio
 phene-isoindigo as a donor and two fullerene derivatives PCBM71 or PCBM61 
 as acceptors using femtosecond-transient absorption spectroscopy. The samp
 les were pumped at 388 nm to effectively pump the fullerene and not the do
 nor polymer.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6443/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6443/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The effects of a time dependent wavy neutral sheet on cosmic-ray m
 odulation in the heliosphere – progress and challenges
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6444@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: KATLEGO MOLOTO (NORTH WEST UNIVERSITY)\nThe heliosph
 eric magnetic field\, originating on the Sun\, is frozen into the solar wi
 nd due to its high conductivity\, and field lines are drawn out into spira
 ls due to the rotation of the Sun. The two hemispheres of the heliosphere 
 with oppositely directed magnetic field are separated by the so-called wav
 y neutral sheet. It has long been known that gradient- and curvature drift
 \, as well as drift along the wavy neutral sheet\, play a key role in cosm
 ic-ray modulation. Previous attempts to numerically model this last effect
  have relied on a steady state\, effective tilt angle approach to describe
  the neutral sheet. In this work a novel\, truly time-dependent neutral sh
 eet is introduced. Preliminary results\, as to cosmic ray intensities calc
 ulated with a numerical modulation code wherein this new approach is imple
 mented\, are presented.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributio
 ns/6444/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6444/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The structural and sensing properties of cobalt and indium doped z
 inc oxide nanopowders synthesised through high energy ball milling techniq
 ue
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T082000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6445@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mahlatse Manamela (University of Limpopo)\nThe high 
 energy ball milling technique was employed to synthesise the undoped ZnO\,
  5% Co and In single doped and Co-In double doped ZnO nanoparticles. The x
 -ray diffraction (XRD) was used to probe the structural properties. It was
  found that the difraction pattern for In-ZnO nanoparticles display an add
 itional peak which was associated with In+3 dopant. Now\, incorparating Co
  and In into ZnO nanoparticles resulted in the reduction of the avarage gr
 ain sizes. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images shows that the na
 noparticles have a spherical shape. The kenosistec station equipment was u
 sed to characterise the prepared samples for gas sensing application. Ammo
 nia (NH3) gas is being probed in the present work. In all the diffraction 
 patterns observed\, the undoped and double doped ZnO nanoparticles are bei
 ng favoured at a temperature range 200 – 350 ⁰C.\n\nhttps://events.sai
 p.org.za/event/91/contributions/6445/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6445/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Influence of partial anionic substitution on luminescence properti
 es of CaMoO<sub>4</sub>:Eu<sup>3+</sup> compounds as solid state LED phosp
 hors.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6446@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Machaba Leanyatsa Abraham Letswalo (University of Jo
 hannesburg)\nA solid state method was used to prepare CaMoO4\, CaMoO4:Eu3+
 \, CaMoO4-BO\,3:Eu3+\,CaMoO4-PO4:Eu3+ and CaMoO4-SO4:Eu3+ powder phosphors
 . X-ray Powder diffraction (XRD)\, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy\, scanni
 ng electron microscopy (SEM) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy were 
 used to characterize the powders. The XRD results indicate that the substi
 tution of anions (BO32-\,PO42-and SO42-) and Eu3+ dopant ion did not affec
 t the crystal structure of the CaMoO4 phosphors\, but greatly influenced t
 he PL intensities of the CaMoO4:Eu3+ phosphors. The luminescence spectra\,
  excited at 395 nm using a monochromatized xenon lamp\, for the four diffe
 rent CaMoO4:Eu3+ phosphors were recorded. The PL spectra showed an intense
  red emission at 615 nm belonging to the 5 D0 -> 7 F2 electric dipole tran
 sition. The highest PL intensity was observed from CaMoO4-SO4:Eu3+ sample.
  The decay curves were recorded when monitoring the 615 nm emission. All t
 he decay curves were single exponential and lifetimes remain constant with
  a value in region of 430 microsecond (µs). The calculated CIE (Commissio
 n Internationale de l’Eclairage) confirmed that the emission color was l
 ying in the red region. The PL data suggest that our materials have potent
 ial application as source of red light in red light emitting diode.\n\nhtt
 ps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6446/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6446/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:New developments in the nuclear binary cluster-Core in the Super-H
 eavy Nuclear region
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T082000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6447@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Boniface Dimitri Christel Kimene Kaya (Stellenbosch 
 University)\nThe atomic nucleus is a complex many-body interacting system\
 , which exhibits a underlying correlated set of nucleon states. The cluste
 ring model is one of the most reliable models that predicts the strongly c
 orrelated subsystem of nucleons closed to the threshold decay of nuclei. T
 he binary-cluster model describes the structure and decay properties of su
 per-heavy nuclei.\n\nThe phenomenological Cubic Woods-Saxon potential\, de
 veloped by Buck\, Merchant and Perez\, has successfully predicted a number
  of experimental observable s associated with clustering phenomenon. The r
 ecently developed microscopic double folded M3Y potential results in the i
 nverted spectra for the positive parity excited cluster states\, but succe
 ssfully predicts the decay half-life for alpha-Pb system. These shortcomin
 gs of the M3Y based microscopic binary cluster model lead to the newly dev
 eloped hybrid code-cluster potential\, obtained by fitting the Phenomenolo
 gical Woods-Saxon Cube and the M3Y double folding at the surface region wh
 ere the two potential coalesce.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/con
 tributions/6447/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6447/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF ZrO2/Zr/ZrO2 MULTILAYERED SEL
 ECTIVE SOLAR ABSORBER
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6448@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nhlakanipho Wiseman Khoza (Unizulu)\nSelective solar
  absorber coatings based on ZrO2/Zr/ZrO2 multilayered coatings were prepar
 ed using Dc magnetron sputtering machine onto microscopic glass\, silicon 
 wafers and copper substrates. It was found that ZrO2/Zr/ZrO2 multilayered 
 solar absorber coating exhibited a good spectral selectivity of 0.90/ 0.12
 . The chemical composition and structures were investigated by scanning el
 ectron microscop (SEM)\, x-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microsco
 py (AFM). The spectral reflectance of the as- deposited coatings were meas
 ured by UV-vis-NIR spectrophotometer\, 0.25-2.5µm\, and thermal emittance
  spectra were also measured by emmisometer. The multilayered selective sol
 ar absorber coatings shows a good prospects for solar absorber because of 
 simple process\, low cost\, large area and good performance.\n\nhttps://ev
 ents.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6448/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6448/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Investigation of the isoscalar giant monopole resonance as a funct
 ion of neutron excess in the 42\,44\,48Ca isotope chain
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T122000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6449@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sunday Olorunfunmi (University of the Witwatersrand\
 , South Africa)\nStudy of the Isoscalar Giant Monopole Resonance (ISGMR) p
 rovides insight into the incompressibility of the nuclear matter since it 
 has a direct connection with the excitation energy of ISGMR. Nuclear incom
 pressibility is an important quantity in the study of neutron stars and re
 lated astrophysics applications. In recent years\, isotope dependence of t
 he nuclear incompressibility has been mostly concentrated in heavy nuclei\
 , in particular Sn and Pb isotopes with a limited range of neutron excess\
 , yielding varying results. Therefore\, a study of ISGMR in 42\,44\,48Ca i
 sotopes with a much larger range of neutron excess promises a more precise
  determination of the nuclear incompressibility. Experiments were performe
 d using the Separated Sector Cyclotron of iThemba LABS\, together with the
  K600 magnetic spectrometer using inelastic scattering of 200 MeV alpha pa
 rticles at zero degrees from 42\,44\,48Ca for high energy-resolution measu
 rements in the region of ISGMR. In addition\, unique insight into the comp
 etition of various damping mechanisms contributing to the decay of the ISG
 MR can be gained from the extracted energy scales.  Following an autocorre
 lation function analysis\, J π = 0+ level densities can also be extracted
 . Preliminary results will be presented.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/eve
 nt/91/contributions/6449/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6449/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Analysis of the 150Sm(4He\,2n)152Gd data taken with the AFRODITE s
 pectrometer
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6450@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: ADIVHAHO NETSHIYA (UNIVERSITY OF THE WESTERN CAPE)\n
 The detailed spectroscopy of 152Gd has been studied at iThemba Laboratory 
 for Accelerator Based Sciences using the 150Sm(α\,2n)152Gd reaction and t
 he AFRODITE gamma-ray spectrometer. The aim is to investigate the E1 trans
 itions between the octupole and the first excited 02+ bands\, and also to 
 build previously known decay scheme of 152Gd and extend it with new transi
 tions that have not been observed within the decay scheme of 152Gd or even
  new bands. We intend to observe in detail the gamma bands with their odd-
 even signature splitting and to look for structures (gamma bands and octup
 ole negative parity bands) built on the 02+ configurations.\n\nhttps://eve
 nts.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6450/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6450/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Influence of the solar activity on the stratosphere-troposphere ex
 change in the southern Africa: Wavelet Approach
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T122000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6451@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nkanyiso Mbatha (University of Zululand)\nStratosphe
 re–troposphere exchange (STE) plays an important role in atmospheric che
 mistry as it changes the oxidative capacity of the troposphere and potenti
 ally also affects the climate system because ozone and water vapour are po
 tent greenhouse gases. Moreover\, the exchange of particles between the st
 ratosphere and the troposphere could lead to an increase of “bad” ozon
 e (tropospheric ozone) and changes in concentrations of “good” ozone (
 stratospheric ozone). In this study\, we investigate the variability of th
 e STE using ERA-Interim reanalysis data set from the European Centre for M
 edium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and a refined version of a previousl
 y developed Lagrangian methodology in the context of solar cycle variation
 . For the purpose of assessing the solar activity\, both solar index F10.7
  and the sunspot number index R were used. The study employs the methods o
 f assessing statistical significance and confidence intervals of cross-wav
 elets phase and wavelet coherence to investigate the influence of solar ac
 tivity in the formation of the STE process.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/
 event/91/contributions/6451/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6451/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Uncertainty analysis for Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT
 ) measurements
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T132000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T134000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6452@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Thomas Leadbeater (University of Cape Town)\nIn the 
 technique of Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT)\, and its equivale
 nt subsets\, a single radioactive tracer particle is frequently located as
  it moves through the system under study. Detection of pairs of annihilati
 on photons emitted by the particle define a line along which the particle 
 is thought to be positioned\, and each location is then calculated via a t
 riangulation approach assuming a fixed signal to noise ratio. A contiguous
  set of locations then define the particle trajectory\, and are used to me
 asure the kinematic and dynamic parameters of the particle motion. Often t
 hese parameters are further processed to infer the global system behaviour
 .\n\nUncertainties are introduced at each stage of the measurement process
 \; of particular note are those driven by the fundamental physics\, the de
 tection systems\, and the statistical processes used to extract the trajec
 tory from the measured data. Once the uncertainty in each location measure
 ment is defined\, the uncertainty budget for the derived quantities typica
 l to a PEPT study can be calculated. Here we present a full analysis of th
 e measurement uncertainty budget and its propagation as applied to PEPT me
 asurements. Typically we can locate a particle moving at 1 m/s at a rate a
 bove 1 kHz\, to within 0.5 mm (stat) and 0.5 mm (sys) as measured in three
  dimensions.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6452/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6452/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Computational studies of Na/MgMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Spinels.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T132000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T134000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6453@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ndanduleni Lethole (University of Limpopo)\nSpinel l
 ithium manganese (II) oxide (IV) (LiMn2O4) has been intensively studied as
  a positive electrode for rechargeable Li-ion batteries due to its abundan
 ce in the earth crust\, low toxicity\, and high theoretical capacity of 14
 8 mAh/g. However this material has been reported to suffer from severe cap
 acity fading\, particularly at high temperatures during the charge/dischar
 ge process. This drawback makes the material incompetent for commercial ap
 plication\, though many attempts were made to improve its capacity sustain
 ability. Recently\, preliminary studies have shown that NaMn2O4 and MgMn2O
 4 have great potential for use in Na-ion and Mg-ion batteries. However\, l
 ittle has been reported on the physical and chemical properties of these c
 ompounds. \nIn this work\, we perform first principles calculations to inv
 estigate the structural\, thermodynamic\, electronic and mechanical proper
 ties of NaMn2O4 and MgMn2O4\, particularly the lattice constants\, heats o
 f formations\, band structure\, density of states\, elastic constants and 
 phonon dispersion curves. Furthermore\, the operating voltages are also ca
 lculated. Calculations have been performed within DFT+U method as implemen
 ted in the Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package code. The calculated lattic
 e constants are in good agreement with the experimental data to within 3 %
 . The electronic DOS and band structure calculations suggest that NaMn2O4 
 and MgMn2O4 are conductors due to the absence of energy band gap around th
 e fermi level.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6453/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6453/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A new D-T neutron facility at UCT
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T122000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6454@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tanya Hutton (University of Cape Town)\nThe Departme
 nt of Physics at the University of Cape Town has recently installed a new 
 fast neutron facility featuring a Sealed Tube Neutron Generator (STNG) to 
 be used for applied nuclear physics research and education. The MP-320 neu
 tron generator utilises a 90 kV accelerated deuteron beam impinging upon a
  tritium target\, producing 14 MeV neutrons via the t(d\,n)α reaction. Ul
 timately we will offer a reference facility with fully characterized neutr
 on energy spectra\, yield\, and calibrated reference detectors. The potent
 ial use for such a facility is wide ranging\, from nuclear data measuremen
 ts to elemental analyses to detector development and calibration.  We pres
 ent the design\, building\, and commissioning of this facility and propose
  the future uses. We present data for the radiation dosimetry and shieldin
 g for our facility\, and initial characterization using a calibrated scint
 illation detector.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/64
 54/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6454/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Simulating Real Space Changes in Cu(DCNQI)<sub>2</sub> Using Ultra
 fast Electron Diffraction Data
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6455@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bart Smit (Stellenbosch University)\, Nancy Payne (S
 tellenbosch University)\nWell-established X-ray crystallography techniques
  allow for full steady-state structural analysis of unknown samples. Ultra
 fast Electron Diffraction (UED) has the added advantage of being able to l
 ook at structural properties of samples upon photoexcitation as a function
  of time\, with sub-picosecond temporal resolution. While combining sensit
 ivity to molecular structure with ultrafast timescales is a powerful tool 
 to study ultrafast structural properties of crystals\, UED is unable to de
 termine structures like a ‘real’ crystallographer can. The lack of man
 y observable diffraction orders and the absence of phase information in th
 e electron diffraction patterns\, somewhat limits the structural propertie
 s extractable from experimental data. This poster discusses how\, by utili
 sing prior structural knowledge obtained by steady-state crystallography\,
  it is still possible to obtain real space information about electron diff
 raction patterns obtained with UED.\n\nOur UED study is done on the organi
 c radical ion salt Copper Methyl\,Bromide-Dicyanochino-Diimine\, abbreviat
 ed as Cu(Me\,Br-DCNQI)2. When this one dimensionally conducting crystal is
  cooled\, it undergoes a structural phase transition at 155 K\, whereby th
 ree crystal layers trimerise and the material becomes an insulator. This t
 ransition can also be photo-induced\, making the sample a suitable candida
 te for UED studies.\n\nDuring cooling of the sample\, the tetrahedral geom
 etry of the crystal distorts\, causing the material to undergo the transit
 ion. The distortion parameters (i.e. how does the tetrahedral change shape
  upon cooling) are determined in previous X-ray studies. Using this knowle
 dge\, we attempt to interpret observed intensity shifts in our UED data by
  computationally simulating electron diffraction patterns from known struc
 ture files. The ultimate goal of combining electron diffraction simulation
  studies with experimental UED data is to fully reconstruct real-space cha
 nges in Cu(Me\,Br-DCNQI)2 as it undergoes the photo-induced phase transiti
 on\, as a function of time\, thereby creating a ‘molecular movie’.\n\n
 https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6455/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6455/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Surveying the influence tests have on students’ attitude towards
  physics and learning of physics
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6456@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: GIDEON STEPHEN BASSAW (UNIVERSITY OF THE WESTERN CAP
 E)\nAcquiring Physics knowledge for undergraduates comes with lots of anxi
 ety and apathy on the part of most students. Examinations have a major inf
 luence on the approach to studying physics and hence have an effect on the
  students’ performance. Many students may stay away from lectures\, howe
 ver\, they will do everything possible to attend tests and examinations. T
 he influence of examinations on students can be used to drive the process 
 of learning physics. This paper reports on a study investigating the influ
 ence tests has on students’ attitude towards physics and learning of phy
 sics in the first year mainstream mechanics module\, PHY111\, in the Depar
 tment of Physics at the University of the Western Cape. In this presentati
 on\, an overview will be given of how tests are used in the PHY111 module 
 to drive and focus student learning as well as the findings of a survey of
  the influence tests have on students’ attitude towards physics and lear
 ning will be presented and discussed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/
 91/contributions/6456/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6456/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Quantum Key Distribution for The Undergraduate Curriculum
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T103000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T105000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6458@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Samukelisiwe Phehlukwayo (University of Kwazulu-Nata
 l)\nQuantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a process of transferring a secure k
 ey between two authorized parties. The key is then used to encrypt confide
 ntial information [1]. A communication can be achieved and proven secure t
 hrough laws of quantum mechanics [1\, 2]. The QKD scheme is based on trans
 ferring quantum carriers\, in the form of single photons\, through a quant
 um channel which can be either free-space or  fiber optics [3\, 4]. Variou
 s protocols exist for the implementation of the key distribution process\,
  with BB84 being the most fundamental of protocols [1]. Here\, we present 
 the implementation of the QKD process using fiber optics as the quantum ch
 annel. We utilized the commercially available id 3000 clavis system and pe
 rformed the BB84 and the SARG04 protocols [5] . In our setup\, communicati
 on was implemented over a distance of 12 km. We characterized the system\,
  id 3000 clavis\, and constructed a comprehensive manual which will be use
 ful to undergraduate students and researchers.\n\n \nReferences\n1.    Gis
 in\, N.\, et al.\, Quantum cryptography. REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS\, 2002.
  74(1): p. 145 - 195.\n2.    Griffiths\, D.J.\, Introduction to quantum me
 chanics. 2016: Cambridge University Press.\n3.    Hughes\, R.J.\, et al.\,
  Practical free-space quantum key distribution over 10 km in daylight and 
 at night. New journal of physics\, 2002. 4(1): p. 43.\n4.    Gobby\, C.\, 
 Z. Yuan\, and A. Shields\, Quantum key distribution over 122 km of standar
 d telecom fiber. Applied Physics Letters\, 2004. 84(19): p. 3762-3764.\n5.
     Stucki\, D.\, et al.\, Quantum key distribution over 67 km with a plug
 &play system. New Journal of Physics\, 2002. 4(1): p. 41.\n\nhttps://event
 s.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6458/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6458/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The impact of an extended Inner Detector tracker on the <i>W<sup>&
 plusmn\;</sup>W<sup>&plusmn\;</sup></i> measurement in <i>pp</i> collision
 s at the High-Luminosity LHC with the upgraded ATLAS detector
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6459@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Raynette van Tonder (University of Cape Town)\nVecto
 r Boson Scattering (VBS) has been identified as a promising process to stu
 dy the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking. The best channel for VBS m
 easurements is same-electric-charge W boson scattering: a rare Standard Mo
 del process that has a distinctive experimental signature of a same-electr
 ic-charge lepton pair and two high energy forward jets. The study of the e
 lectroweak production mechanism of W±W±jj scattering will continue throu
 gh to the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider  (HL-LHC) physics program.
  During this program\, the HL-LHC will not only operate at an increased ce
 ntre of mass energy of 14 TeV\, but also produce an instantaneous luminosi
 ty of L = 7 × 1034 cm-2s-1. Several upgrades of various sub-detectors of 
 the ATLAS detector are scheduled to cope with the intense radiation and th
 e high pileup environment. The prospects for a W±W±jj measurement after 
 the LHC and ATLAS detector upgrades will be discussed\, with a focus on th
 e impact of an extended tracking detector. The effect of the upgraded Inne
 r Detector on the measurement for the same-electric-charge W±W± scatteri
 ng process is evaluated by analysing simulated events with two leptons of 
 the same electric charge\, at least two jets and missing transverse energy
 .\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6459/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A404
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6459/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Cosmic ray diffusion and the role of nearby sources in the study o
 f positron excess
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T082000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6460@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jagdish Chandra Joshi (University of Johannesburg)\n
 The flux of positrons observed at Earth produced as secondaries in the cos
 mic ray nuclei interactions. In the astrophysical scenario positrons are a
 lso injected as primaries\, and this scenario is very peculiar if these ob
 jects are located in the sub-kpc range of solar system. We calculate the p
 ositron flux produced by cosmic ray interaction using the DRAGON code\, an
 d\nalso check the nearby source contribution using the diffusion-loss equa
 tion. A new population of electron-positron injection from astrophysical s
 ources can account for the positron flux below 100 GeV.\n\nhttps://events.
 saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6460/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6460/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:TESTING THE SCATTERING DISTRIBUTION OF A PHOTON IN A TURBID MEDIUM
  USING MONTE CARLO SIMULATIONS
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6461@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Thulani Mabhengu (SAAPMB)\nThe scattering distributi
 on of a photon in an inhomogeneous turbid medium is too complex to be repr
 esented by an analytical expression\, and therefore requires a numerical s
 olution. Photon propagation may be treated a stochastic process. In this s
 tudy\, a Monte Carlo simulation is used to reproduce the behaviour of phot
 ons in turbid media. This is approached by applying random number generati
 on to the fundamental physics of photon scattering. The redistribution of 
 a photon in different directions is determined through the stochastic trea
 tment of the scattering event and corresponding phase function. Scattered 
 light is then subjected to a repeated similar stochastic process until the
  photon emerges from the medium. Taking into consideration the physical an
 d optical properties of the turbid media\, the model predicts the angular 
 distribution of photons able to transmit through the medium. Archival data
  obtained from sunphotometry will be used to attempt to validate the simul
 ations\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6461/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6461/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The Efficacy of Computer-Based Laboratory Experiments
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6462@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mohapi Thebe (VUT)\nThe efficacy of computer-based l
 aboratory experiments was explored as a means through which physics practi
 cal work can be enhanced for the benefit of students. The study was conduc
 ted with physics students at a South African university of technology. Stu
 dents enrolled for engineering as well as chemistry and non-destructing te
 sting programs were exposed to computer-based laboratory experiments. Expo
 sure to computer-based laboratory experiments strongly suggests improved e
 fficiency in the running of physics laboratories coupled with enhanced stu
 dents’ conceptual understanding. Implications for teaching and learning 
 are discussed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6462/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6462/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Assessment of physics practicals using a technology-aided system
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6468@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Leelakrishna Reddy (University of Johannesburg)\nTra
 ditionally evaluation of physics practical work at universities is based o
 n a laboratory report characterising the activities a particular experimen
 t. Such an evaluation generally puts a learner under considerable pressure
  in view of the required language proficiency as an additional aspect cons
 idered during the evaluation of the report and for which penalties might b
 e incurred. This article provides a description of a technology-aided syst
 em utilized for assessment of physics practicals which does not require la
 nguage proficiency. The experimental reports assessed through the system a
 re characterised by key features such as figures\, graphs and drawings. Th
 e underlying theoretical knowledge associated with the experiment is provi
 ded as part of a detailed experimental procedure.  The technology-aided sy
 stem provided the capacity needed for handling large volumes of practicals
  in view of the high number of students performing practical work in the p
 hysics laboratories at a South African university over the years. In addit
 ion\, the system also makes provision for a large number of experiments to
  be carried out and assessed in a sustainable manner.\n\nhttps://events.sa
 ip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6468/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6468/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Electrical  levels induced by thulium (Tm<sup>3+</sup>)  in german
 ium: a hybrid density functional study
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T122000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6463@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Emmanuel Igumbor (University of Pretoria)\nIn this w
 ork we present ab-initio calculation results for the Tm3+  interstitial\, 
 vacancy-interstitial complex (VGe-Tm3+i) and substitutional (Tm3+Ge) defec
 ts  as determined by using the Heyd\, Scuseria\, and Ernzerhof (HSE06) hyb
 rid functional. We calculated the formation energies and the charge state 
 transition levels of different configurations. Our results show that the T
 m3+i exists in both the hexagonal and tetrahedral configuration with low f
 ormation energy. The interstitial atom is most energetically favourable at
  the tetrahedral site. The formation energies for the VGe-Tm3+i  and Tm3+G
 e were as low as 0.84 eV. The most energetically favourable defects were t
 he VGe-Tm3+i in the axial configuration and the Tm3+Ge. The Tm3+Ge and VGe
 -Tm3+i introduced a single acceptor &epsilon(0/-1) charge state transition
  level that was positioned deep in the middle of the band gap. The majorit
 y of the levels induced by the defects under investigation were either sha
 llow donor or acceptor level lying close to the band gap edges. The charge
  state thermodynamic transition levels revealed that the vacancy-complex V
 Ge-Tm3+Ge induced shallow levels in the band gap. The VGe-Tm3+Gedisplayed 
 evidence of a single donor level &epsilon(+1/0) and an acceptor level &eps
 ilon(-1/-2) within the band gap. Charge state controlled metastability was
  exhibited by the VGe-Tm3+Ge.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contr
 ibutions/6463/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6463/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Surface wave generation by piezoelectric transducer on pesrpex wed
 ges and their interaction with notches in steel
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6465@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ike Q Sikakana (Department of NDT and Physics\, Vaal
  University of Technology)\nA compressional piezoelectric transducer of fr
 equency 4 MHz mounted on machined perspex wedges\, placed on carbon steel 
 was studied.  At a defined incident angle\, compression waves are mode con
 verted to shear waves at the interface between perspex and carbon steel.  
 Increasing the incident angles\, that is\, using larger angle perspex wedg
 es\, two refraction critical angles are observed according to Snell's law\
 , first corresponding to compression waves and second to shear waves.  Our
  results - both experimental and Matlab calculations - show that for persp
 ex wedges with geometric angles of 70 degree\; surface waves are produced 
 in carbon steel.  A plot of the acoustic wave maximum value reflection int
 ensities against the angles of incidence confirms established behaviour.  
 the propagation and interaction of surface waves in a 3-notch 4340 steel c
 alibration block is further analysed.  This simple instrumentation configu
 ration is shown to be effective in the characterisation of surface breakin
 g flaws in steel.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/646
 5/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6465/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:First year university physics students’ understanding of units a
 nd measurements
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6466@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Leelakrishna Reddy (University of Johannesburg)\nAde
 quate understanding of units and measurements is a key competence required
  for the enhancement of scientific literacy. Success in both theoretical a
 nd practical components of Physics courses depends to a large extent on th
 e ability to convert and manipulate both fundamental and derived units. In
  light of this imperative\, this investigation probed students’ conceptu
 al competence in units and measurements as crucial aspects associated with
  both theory and practical work in Physics. The sample in this research co
 mprised students enrolled for diploma programmes in the Faculties of Engin
 eering and Health Sciences at the University of Johannesburg. Key findings
  in this research strongly suggest that students’ conceptual competence 
 in units and measurements appears to be a function of the intrinsic requir
 ements of the respective academic programmes.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.z
 a/event/91/contributions/6466/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6466/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Mechanical milling effect on the structural and magnetic propertie
 s of sintered La<sub>0.67</sub>Sr<sub>0.33</sub>MnO<sub>3</sub>
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6467@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Itegbeyogene Ezekiel (University of KwaZulu-Natal)\n
 Structural and magnetic properties of sintered and milled La0.67Sr0.33MnO3
   was investigated in the temperature range of 300-2 K. The refined X-ray 
 diffraction (XRD) data show that all samples are single phase and crystall
 ize in rhombohedral symmetry with R-3C space group. The as-prepared sample
 s (SK) where milled for 1\, 3\, 6 and 12 hours (SKM1\, SKM3\, SKM6 and SKM
 12). The crystallite size decreased from 46-11 nm as a function of milling
  except for SKM12 which increased slightly to 12 nm due to thermal effect 
 of prolonged milling. The cell volume increased from 349-352 Å3 except fo
 r SKM12 which dropped to 349 Å3 due to peak shift to a higher 2θ as a re
 sult of strain. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy HRTEM and
  high-resolution scanning electron microscopy HRSEM of the samples show a 
 variation in the morphology. The saturation magnetisation MS was estimated
  from the hysteresis loops using the law of approach to saturation magneti
 sation. MS for all samples increases as temperature decreases. At the maxi
 mum and minimum measuring temperature of 300 K and 2 K respectively\, the 
 MS for SK\, SKM1\, SKM3\, SKM6 SKM12\, are 52\, 45\, 22\, 13\, 7 emu/g and
  80\, 79\, 64\, 53\, 40 emu/g respectively. The drop in MS has been explor
 ed based on a core-shell model. The coercivity at 2 K showed a significant
  increase from 0.17 kOe for SK to 0.87 kOe for SKM12. The hysteresis loops
  of all samples at 2 K exhibit a trend from superparamagnetism to ferromag
 netism\, while at 300 K\, a trend of superparamagnetism to paramagnetism i
 s observed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6467/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6467/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:First year university physics students’ perceptions of instructi
 onal methods
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6469@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Leelakrishna Reddy (University of Johannesburg)\nStu
 dents’ academic experiences can be maximized through meaningful pedagogi
 c tasks that are central to the improvement of instruction in various educ
 ational settings. The effectiveness of various teaching methods remains a 
 key imperative for the realization of meaningful student academic performa
 nce. As part of this inquiry\, Physics students’ perceptions of various 
 teaching methods were uncovered through the administration of a survey que
 stionnaire after which interviews were conducted to corroborate the views 
 expressed.   Responses to the questionnaire appeared to gravitate towards 
 the lecture method and group discussion as preferred instructional methods
 . Implications for the improvement of instruction are discussed.\n\nhttps:
 //events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6469/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6469/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Effects of growth time on structural and optical properties of ZnO
  nanorods on Ga-doped ZnO seed layer for dye-sensitized solar cells photoa
 node
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T105000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T111000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6470@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jatani Ungula (University of the Free State)\nZnO na
 norods (ZRs) were synthesized on glass substrates coated with Ga-doped ZnO
  (GZO) seed layer by a two-step chemical bath deposition technique (CBD) i
 n an equimolar (50 mM) aqueous solution of zinc nitrate hexahydrate and he
 xamethylenetetramine at 90 °C. The GZO NPs seeding was done to lower the 
 thermodynamic barrier by providing nucleation sites to improve the aspect 
 ratios and optical properties and ensure uniformity of ZRs [1]. The effect
  of CBD growth times 30\, 60\, 90\, 120\, 180\, 240 and 320 min on the mor
 phology\, luminescence and optical properties of ZRs were investigated. Th
 e XRD analysis revealed that the as-grown ZRs have a crystalline hexagonal
  wurtzite structure and was preferentially oriented along the c-axis. The 
 highest intensity of the (002) peak was observed on the 120 min among the 
 growth durations studied. The SEM micrographs showed that both the length 
 and aspect ratio of the ZRs increased as the growth time increases up to 1
 20 min\, then reduced at higher growth times. The photoluminescence measur
 ement spectra depict an enhanced intensity ratio of the UV to visible emis
 sions for ZRs grown on GZO seed layer indicative of high optical quality. 
 The UV-Vis analysis showed that the transmittance of the films was above 8
 0 % and the band gap varied from 3.20 to 3.3 eV with the increase in growt
 h time.The highly transparent film composed of well-aligned ZRs with perfe
 ct crystallization produced at the growth time of 120 min can be used as a
  possible photoanode component in dye-sensitized solar cell.\n\nReference:
 \n[1] H. K. Lee\, M. S. Kim\, J. S. Yu\, Nanotechnology 22\, 445602\, 2011
 .\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6470/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6470/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Synthesis and Characterization of Cadmium Selenide Quantum Dots
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6471@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sinovuyo Makinana (1Fort Hare Institute of Technolog
 y (FHIT)\, University of Fort Hare\, Private Bag X1314\, Alice\, 5700\, Re
 public of South Africa. 2Chemistry department\, University of Fort Hare\, 
 Private Bag X1314\, Alice\, 5700\, Republic of South Africa)\nCdSe quantum
  dots (QDs) with different particle sizes were successfully synthesized us
 ing the hot-injection method. The CdSe QDS were synthesized by reacting ca
 dmium acetate dihydrate [Cd (CH3COO) 2∙2H2O] and selenium (Se) powder in
  the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol as the capping agent. CdSe QDs of diffe
 rent crystallite sizes were prepared at different reaction temperatures of
  150ºC to 175ºC\, 200ºC\, 225ºC\, 250ºC\, 275ºC and 300ºC.The morph
 ological\, structural and optical properties of the as synthesized CdSe QD
 s were evaluated using SEM\, XRD\, HRTEM\, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. From t
 he UV-Vis\, it was found that the crystallite size of CdSe QDs increases w
 ith the increase in reaction temperatures. The Kippeny method was used to 
 calculate the crystallite size of CdSe QDs and it was found to be in the r
 ange of 0.82 – 2.46 nm. Furthermore\, the data analysis has revealed tha
 t CdSe QDs crystallite size is dependent upon the reaction temperature.\n\
 nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6471/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6471/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Transmission performance of 10 Gbps OOK\, 15 Gbps 2-PAM and  20 Gb
 ps 4-PAM data signals over 11 km using a 1310 nm VCSEL
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6472@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: George Isoe (Centre for Broadband Communication\,Nel
 son Mandela Metropolitan University)\nAbstract: Current optical access net
 work use on-off keying (OOK) modulation format throughout the network rega
 rdless of actual end user demand. We propose the use of two pulse amplitud
 e modulation (2-PAM) and 4-PAM formats to increase the aggregated data rat
 es of optical access networks. In this work\, we experimentally evaluate t
 he realization of a high capacity passive optical network using 1310 nm ve
 rtical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) in the OOK\, 2-PAM and 4-PA
 M modulation formats. An 11 km of G.652 standard fibre transmission was ex
 perimentally investigated at 10 Gbps\, 15 Gbps and 20 Gbps data rates per 
 channel for OOK\, 2-PAM and 4-PAM modulation formats respectively. An 11 k
 m fibre transmission introduced a penalty of 0.46 dB and 3.45 dB incurred 
 for the 10 Gbps OOK and 15 Gbps 2-PAM formats. However\, for the 20 Gbps 4
 -PAM format\, the maximum reach was limited to 3.21 km due to inter-symbol
  interference at such a high bit rate. All measurements were done in real 
 time and without any data equalization mechanism. The experimental compari
 son showed that the OOK format vastly outperforms the 2-PAM and 4-PAM form
 ats in terms of tolerance to transmission penalties. Nevertheless\, 4-PAM 
 format is still an effective way to double the data rate in access network
 s. This study provides vital performance awareness information needed for 
 capacity upgrade in next-generation optical access networks. \n\nKeywords:
  OOK\, Pulse amplitude modulation (PAM)\, VCSEL\, optical access network\n
 \nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6472/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6472/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Lanthanum phosphovanadate phosphors: Effect of terbium concentrati
 on
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6473@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Selepe Joel Motloung (University of the Free State)\
 nTerbium activated lanthanum phosphovanadate phosphor powders were synthes
 ized using solution combustion method. The concentration of terbium was va
 ried from 1 – 10 mol %. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that all d
 ifferent concentrations exhibit the same trend\, implying that dopant conc
 entration on host did not affect crystal structure. Scanning electron micr
 oscopy (SEM) images show that the prepared phosphors consisted of agglomer
 ation of particles of different shapes but when samples are put under high
  temperatures\, clear shapes appeared. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscop
 y (EDS) confirmed the presence of all main elements forming the desired co
 mpound. The band gap energies were estimated from Kubelka-Munk plot and th
 ey were found to range from 3.1 to 4.3 eV. The photoluminescence (PL) spec
 tra show four emission peaks corresponding to transitions of terbium. The 
 optimum concentration for this work was found to be 7 mol %. These materia
 ls are evaluated as possible candidates to improve the power conversion ef
 ficiency of dye sensitized solar cells.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/even
 t/91/contributions/6473/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6473/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Contribution of  E x B drift to the low latitude TEC modelling dur
 ing geomagnetic storms
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6505@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jean Claude UWAMAHORO (South African National Space 
 Agency (SANSA)\, Space Science)\nDue to the complicated nature of equatori
 al electrodynamics during geomagnetic storms\, it was found that modelling
  ionospheric total electron content (TEC) is more difficult in the low lat
 itude than in the mid-latitude. Towards the improvement of TEC modelling i
 n the low latitude\, E × B is introduced for the first time in TEC modell
 ing as a new input\, in addition to the standard inputs which represent so
 lar and geomagnetic activities\, diurnal and seasonal variations. For this
  purpose\, Non linear Regression analysis (NLRA) model is developed using 
 TEC data (1998 - 2016) derived from the Global Positioning Systems (GPS) m
 easurements over Seychelles (SEY1\, 4.67° S \, 55.48° E). On the basis o
 f statistics\, the contribution of E x B drift to TEC modelling for the lo
 w latitude region is highlighted and results are compared with the Interna
 tional Reference Ionosphere (IRI) predictions.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.
 za/event/91/contributions/6505/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6505/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Experimental and Numerical Heat Transfer Analysis of Cavity Absorb
 er and The Application of Different Optically Active Layer for Parabolic S
 olar Trough Concentrator.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T082000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6474@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Khaled Mohamad (PhD student)\nThe solar parabolic tr
 ough collectors (PTC) are the earliest and most widely accepted Solar conc
 entration style. It is the most mature technology\, has been intensively r
 esearched and its cost gradually reduced. In addition\, PTC have been put 
 into commercial operations in many countries. The research in this technol
 ogy is moving towards increasing the efficiency of the system\, specifical
 ly raising the temperature of the working fluids by minimizing the energy 
 losses. The efficiency of the whole system depends on the most complex par
 t of it\, which is the receiver unit. This work aims to design the receive
 r unit in a way that minimizes the energy losses and raises the temperatur
 e of the working fluid. The receiver unit incorporates the application of 
 different optically active layers in tandem with the application of a cavi
 ty absorber. The cavity geometry will enable efficient capturing of incomi
 ng concentrated solar radiation via multiple internal reflection. This stu
 dy entails numerical heat analysis\, which is used to simulate the tempera
 ture profile of the receiver unit and study the optical properties of diff
 erent designs. In addition\, this idea has been tested experimentally thro
 ugh a prototype parabolic solar trough. The results are promising from bot
 h the experimental and numerical side.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event
 /91/contributions/6474/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6474/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Interaction of tungsten (W) film with glassy carbon
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6475@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Audu Innocent (University of Pretoria)\nThin film of
  tungsten (W) was deposited on glassy carbon (GC) substrate using a magnet
 ron sputtering system. The as-deposited samples were annealed under vacuum
  at temperatures ranging from 600 to 1000 oC for 1hr. The interaction in t
 he interface of W and GC was investigated Rutherford backscattering spectr
 oscopy (RBS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). RUMP software was use
 d to simulate the RBS spectra. The thickness of W thin film deposited\, at
 omic composition of deposited layer and the reaction zone (RZ) were deduce
 d from the RUMP results. W-GC interaction became pronounced at annealing t
 emperature from 800 oC and increased progressively up to the highest annea
 ling temperature. The surface morphology of the diffusion couples were exa
 mined on SEM. The as-deposited sample possessed a smooth uniform layer of 
 W film while the annealed samples showed a progressive increase in grain s
 ize with increased annealing temperature. The atomic composition profile r
 eveals the detailed extent of intermixing and diffusion of the atomic spec
 ies at the elevated temperatures. \n\nKeywords: tungsten\, glassy carbon\,
  interaction\, annealing\, RBS\, RUMP\, SEM\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/
 event/91/contributions/6475/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6475/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Comparison of Ionospheric Scintillation recorded by the Gough Isla
 nd stationary receiver and by a receiver on the SA Agulhas II Polar Resear
 ch Vessel
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6476@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Annelie Vermeulen (UCT SpaceLab)\nThis paper reports
  the novel use of a dual-frequency GPS Ionospheric Scintillation and Total
  Electron Content Monitor (GISTM)\, located on the polar research vessel S
 A Agulhas II\, to identify instances of ionospheric scintillation in the S
 outh Atlantic Magnetic Anomaly (SAMA). The SAMA is a region in the South A
 tlantic Ocean where the Earth's magnetic field is weakest at comparable la
 titudes resulting in an increased likelihood of precipitation of high ener
 gy particles into the ionosphere during geomagnetic storms.\n\nIonospheric
  scintillations are rapid fluctuations in the phase and amplitude of trans
 -ionospheric radio signals resulting from electron density variations alon
 g the signal ray path. In this study\, the radio signals between Global Po
 sitioning System (GPS) satellites and terrestrial receivers are specifical
 ly used to quantify these fluctuations.\n\nTraditional scintillation measu
 rements are done using dedicated dual-frequency GPS receivers at fixed ter
 restrial locations. The SAMA lies predominantly over the ocean and signifi
 cant portions are beyond the reach of land-based instruments. The GISTM in
 stalled on board the SA Agulhas II in 2012 has enabled for the first time 
 the terrestrial measurement of ionospheric scintillation over an extended 
 part of the SAMA. The South African National Space Agency (SANSA) also ope
 rates a fixed GISTM on Gough Island\, located at 40&deg 20' 58.90" S\, 9&d
 eg 52' 49.35" W\, which falls within the SAMA.\n\nIn this project\, the am
 plitude scintillation index (S4) and phase scintillation index (&sigma&Phi
 ) from 50 Hz L1 signals recorded on board the SA Agulhas II and on Gough I
 sland during the period 15 - 28 September 2014 are analysed and compared f
 or the first time. Position and movement data\, as well as Total Electron 
 Content (TEC)\, number of satellites\, and satellite lock-time are used in
  this study.\n\nIt is shown that the movement of the ship introduces signi
 ficant noise in the phase scintillation data. The noise levels are related
  to the motion of the ship. Ship-to-Shore comparisons are confined to the 
 period in which the ship is less than 100 km from Gough Island. Geomagneti
 c storm conditions for the period in question are also investigated to det
 ermine whether a significant solar event might have had an influence on th
 e levels of scintillation.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contribu
 tions/6476/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6476/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Demand and supply site approaches for energy conversion from macad
 amia nut shells waste and castor cake.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T103000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T105000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6477@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mmatseleng Getrude ntobeng (University of Johannesbu
 rg)\, Tiny-Henriette Dania (Mineral Processing and Technology Research Cen
 tre)\nThe increasing macadamia production in the Southern Africa and the n
 eed to leverage on existing indigenous plants like castor seeds for medici
 nal applications have led to the production on high amount of processing a
 nd agricultural wastes. A significant increase in demand for alternate ene
 rgy sources (renewable electricity\, biofuel and gas etc..) has stressed o
 n the negative environmental impact caused by the conventional fossil fuel
  sources (coal\, petroleum\, and natural gas). Observed negative impacts o
 n the environment of producing energy from waste should be minimised for a
 n optimum environmental preservation. Demand site approach or/and supply s
 ite approach would be the employed strategy tools to ensure an optimum bal
 ance between producing the required energy and minimising the unwanted was
 te. Collected data from secondary sources and conducted experiment work wi
 ll be discussed while the minimisation of the generated waste as the maxim
 isation of energy produced will be ensured.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/
 event/91/contributions/6477/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6477/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Physics as background foundation for process engineers and analyti
 cal scientists
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T082000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6478@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Antoine-Floribert MULABA-BAFUBIANDI (School of Minin
 g\, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering\, University of Johannesburg)\nPro
 cess engineers and analytical scientists are introduced to logical system 
 thinking\,spectroscopy\, diffractometry\, wet analysis etc... where depend
 ent and independent variables are assessed. Fourier Transform Infrared spe
 ctroscopy utilises the Michelson interferometry while X-Rays diffraction a
 nd fluorescence  exploit the Bragg's law. Laplace transforms are main tool
 s utilised while solving complex process problems. This paper raises the n
 eeds of a sound for physics knowledge and background for the understanding
  of the phenomenon faced with in the use of analytical pieces of equipment
  and to facilitate the interpretation of the collected data. Case studies 
 experienced during 39 years of teaching experience will be discussed.\n\nh
 ttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6478/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6478/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Weather forecasting using deep learning
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6512@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Makhamisa Senekane (Quantum Research Group\, School 
 of Chemistry and Physics\, University of KwaZulu-Natal\, Private Bag X5400
 1\, Durban 4000\, South Africa)\nWeather changes play a significant role i
 n peoples' short term\, medium term or long term planning. Therefore\, und
 erstanding of weather patterns has become very important in decision makin
 g. Various tools have been suggested for forecasting weather. These tools 
 include the use of artificial intelligence techniques such as artificial n
 eural networks and other machine learning methods. In this paper\, we repo
 rt a short-term weather forecasting method which uses deep learning machin
 e learning technique. Deep learning is chosen due to its hierarchiacal str
 ucture\, which is well suited for weather forecasting. High accuracy of th
 e results obtained shows that deep learning is an appropriate tool to use 
 for forecasting the weather.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contri
 butions/6512/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6512/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:STRUCTURAL AND RAMAN SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF C-TIO2 NANO
 TUBES SYNTHESIZED BY TEMPLATE-ASSISTED SOL-GEL TECHNIQUE.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6479@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nwabisa Takata (Fort Hare Institute of Technology\, 
 University of Fort Hare\, National Metrology Institute of South Africa)\nU
 n-doped and carbon-doped titanium dioxide nanotubes (C-TNTs) were synthesi
 zed using a template-assisted sol-gel technique employing titanium tetra b
 utoxide precursor and oxalic acid as the dopant. SEM\, XRD\, FTIR and Conf
 ocal Raman spectroscopy (CRS) was used to evaluate the morphological and s
 tructural properties of the as-synthesized TNTs. SEM analysis has revealed
  the presence of closely-packed TNTs\, with a modal external tube diameter
  of 150\, 170\, 210\,190 and 210 nm for the un-doped TNTs\, 9mM C-TNTs\, 2
 7 mM C-TNTs\, 45 mM C-TNTs and 75 mM C-TNTs respectively. SEM analysis has
  also shown that the TNTs become loosely-packed with increasing dopant con
 centration. SEM-EDX spectra have revealed the presence of Ti peaks at 0.45
  and 4.9 KeV corresponding to Kα1 and Kβ1 emission line respectively. Ox
 ygen exhibits a signal at 0.5 keV corresponding to Kα1 emission line. The
  occurrence of these peaks in the EDX spectra endorses the existence of Ti
  and O atoms in the prepared titanium dioxide nanotubes. FTIR spectroscopy
  has revealed the presence of vibrational modes at 580-660 cm-1 indicating
  the presence of Ti-O bonds and additional vibration modes at 2324 cm-1 re
 sulting from C-O stretching in the carbon doped samples XRD analysis has r
 evealed the presence of a mixed Anatase-Brookite phase with diffraction pe
 aks 2θ angles of 25.49⁰\, 38.11⁰\, 40.60º 48.14 ⁰\, 54.58⁰\, 63.
 00⁰\, 70.11⁰ and 75.66⁰. Additionally\, XRD analysis has revealed el
 ongation of lattice parameter “c” from 9.143 to 9.830 Å with increase
  carbon concentration. Lattice expansion indicates the possibility of carb
 on substituting oxygen sites. CRS large area scan in the XY direction has 
 revealed the presence of Raman active modes at 153.19 cm-1\, 205.62 cm-1\,
 328.33 cm-1\, 404.55 cm-1\, 523.26 cm-1\, 523.26 cm-1 and 648.69 cm-1  bel
 onging to a mixed Anatase-Brookite phase. CRS depth profiling in the XZ di
 rection has also validated the presence of a mixed Anatase-Brookite phase 
 with Raman active modes 153.19\, 208.87\, 404.55\, 523.26  and 648.55 cm-1
 .\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6479/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6479/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Lazarus and Fortran for Africhino Quasi-Computer
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T143000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T145000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6480@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Marco Mariola (University  of kwazulu-natal)\nMicro-
 computer and micro-controller Open Source devices are often used to perfor
 m experiments in the science field.  According to recent publications\, th
 e most used platforms are the Arduino Micro-controller board and the Raspb
 erryPi  micro-computer[1].\nAfrichino represents an alternative to the afo
 rementioned devices\, designed around the exigency of the researchers [2].
  Africhino Quasi-Computer (AQC) is a portable laboratory tool\, which cont
 ains the most necessary instruments to design and testing electronic devic
 es and experimental data measurements. The peripherals of AQC are controll
 ed through a Linux  based RaspberryPi or other Open-Hardware micro-compute
 r. \nUsually to produce data plotting programs and serial communication be
 tween the micro-computer and external devices python  is used. Python has 
 an extended mathematical library for data elaboration. Python is an interp
 reted program language and any no intrinsic mathematical model require mor
 e time to be executed [3].\nIn this work we shown that Lazarus and Fortran
  can be used as alternative to Python on Open Source Devices. Both Lazarus
  and the well know Fortran are compiled program languages. Lazarus and For
 tran complement each other. Using Lazarus\, data  plotting and Graphical U
 ser Interfaces are easy implementable. Fortran has an extensive mathematic
 al library.\nIn this research Lazarus and Fortran are linked by using the 
 Shared Object (so) to obtain an optimised code to  acquire value from the 
 external peripherals and data elaboration. The performance of Lazarus-Fort
 ran versus Python is  tested on thermal transmission system. For each temp
 erature field acquired\, an algorithm predicts the internal temperatures  
 of the body. For this study the algorithm for Lazarus-Fortran is the same 
 used for Python\, and no intrinsic functions are used. \n\n[1] D Cressey\,
  Age of Arduino\, Nature\, Vol. 522\, pp. 125-125\, 6 April 2017\n[2] M Ma
 riola and F Petruccione\, Open-Source electronic board designed in South A
 frica for Africa\, in The Proceedings of the 60th Annual Conference of the
  South African Institute of Physics (SAIP2015)\, edited by Makaiko Chitham
 bo (RU) and  André Venter (NMMU) (2015)\, pp. 457 - 62. ISBN: 978-0-620-7
 0714-5 Available online at http://events.saip.org.za \n[3] Comparing Pytho
 n\, NumPy\, Matlab\, Fortran\, etc.\, URL: https://modelingguru.nasa.gov/d
 ocs/DOC-1762\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6480/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6480/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Developing a method to quantify material density from volumetric d
 ata with micro-focus X-ray tomography.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6481@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jakobus Hoffman (Necsa)\nDensity information is cruc
 ial in optimizing industrial important processes such as coal processing a
 nd there are a plethora of methods to obtain this information.  One such a
 ccepted method is float-and-sink analysis during the modelling of coal was
 hability which is expensive\, time consuming and environmentally hazardous
 . The density information obtained is also not in real-time  and consequen
 tly some inaccuracies are inevitable.  Image analysis for coal washability
  modelling from basic unprocessed rock-face photographs is a technique tha
 t enjoys significant research investment due to the speed and ease of obta
 ining modelling data using only a camera.  It is debatable how well the im
 age analysis modelling approximates the reality of a complex and heterogen
 eous coal seam  and thus requires verification with alternate reliable tec
 hniques such as micro-focus X-ray tomography.  X-ray imaging is based on t
 he X-ray absorption properties of materials having different densities. Ho
 wever\, for 3D tomographic analysis  a complete density analysis  is diffi
 cult and requires extensive post-processing.  This presentation describes 
 a method using micro-focus X-ray tomography to validate mineral density re
 sults  obtained from image analysis modelling of photographs of rock faces
 .   This method consist of a calibration technique that accurately connect
 s mineral densities with X-ray absorption images. For future work 3D Micro
  XCT results will be compared to  conventional  float-and-sink analysis.\n
 \nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6481/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6481/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Experimental Study of the Weak Field Zeeman Spectra of Rb 85 and R
 b 87
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T122000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6482@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Adrian Wyngaard (Cape Peninsula University of Techno
 logy)\nWe report on the measurement and analysis of the magnetic sub-level
 s of Rubidium 85 and 87 observed in the presence of a weak magnetic field.
  Included is the standard hyperfine interaction which is a prerequisite me
 asurement for this analysis. The experiment was performed using a saturate
 d absorption spectroscopy setup. A solenoid was placed around the Rb vapou
 r cell in order to generate the magnetic field\, and the polarisation of t
 he light was manipulated in order to observe the relevant magnetic sub-lev
 els. This experiment is part of an effort to cool Rb atoms using lasers th
 at need to be frequency locked to a specific energy level in the spectra o
 bserved via the saturated absorption spectroscopy setup.\n\nAn external ca
 vity diode laser was frequency modulated and split into three beams\, two 
 weak probe beams and a strong pump beam\; the pump beam counter-propagates
  and overlaps one of the probe beams. These beams are sent through a rubid
 ium vapour cell where a magnetic field was applied. A portion of the modul
 ated laser beam was analysed using a Michelson interferometer. Intensities
  of the probe beams and the output beam of the interferometer were monitor
 ed by photodetectors and the output signals were recorded using a digital 
 oscilloscope.\n\nThe time axis of each oscilloscope capture was converted 
 to frequency using a calibration factor determined by analysing the output
  signal of the Michelson interferometer. The converted spectra were fitted
  with Lorentzian curves to estimate energy level separation and lifetimes\
 , and the magnetic sub-level separation was plotted as a function of the m
 agnetic field strength. A comparison with numerical analysis is also provi
 ded.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6482/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6482/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Critical behaviour at paramagnetic to ferromagnetic phase transiti
 on in Nd2Pt2In
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T143000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T145000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6483@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Moise Tchoula Tchokonte (University of the Western C
 ape)\nThe critical behaviour at the paramagnetic to ferromagnetic phase tr
 ansition in Nd2Pt2In compound has been investigated by means of magnetizat
 ion measurements using various techniques such as the modified Arrott – 
 plot\, the Kouvel – Fisher plot and the critical isotherm analysis. Stil
 l the nature of the ferromagnetic transition is found to be of the second 
 – order\, the obtained values of the critical exponents\, &beta = 0.346(
 8)\, &gamma = 1.3548(7) and &delta = 4.14(4) are close to those predicted 
 theoretically by the 3D – Heisenberg model (&beta = 0.365\, &gamma = 1.3
 86 and &delta = 4.8). Furthermore the scaling relations are obeyed indicat
 ing renormalization of interactions around the Curie temperature TC.\n\nht
 tps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6483/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6483/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The Ultrafast Photo-Induced Metal-Insulator Phase Transition in Or
 ganic Cu(DCNQI)<sub>2</sub> Observed with Ultrafast Electron Diffraction
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T122000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6484@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bart Smit (Stellenbosch University)\nThe 1-dimension
 ally conductive organic material Cu(DNCQI)2 has been a subject of interest
  due to its exotic macroscopic (conductivity) properties and the tuneabili
 ty thereof. Depending on chemical composition\, the crystal loses many ord
 ers of magnitude of conductivity within 1 K upon cooling. This phase trans
 ition is associated with a structural (‘Peierls’) transition of the (m
 icroscopic) lattice\, where three crystal planes move together and form tr
 imers. Despite the presence of a crystal lattice rearrangement\, until now
  the only successful time resolved studies on Cu(DCNQI)2 are on macroscopi
 c properties of the material\, such as ultrafast photoinduced conductivity
  measurements in bulk needles. We present the first study ever on this cry
 stal (we used Me\,Br-DCNQI\, Ttransition = 155 K) that reveals the microsc
 opic molecular response on an ultrafast time scale\, by using Ultrafast El
 ectron Diffraction (UED).\n\nThe main findings of this study are the ultra
 fast (~2ps) full suppression of the insulating trimer phase and a full rec
 overy thereof within ~40ps\, which is one of the fastest macroscopic struc
 tural lattice phase transitions ever seen. We also observe an ultrafast ch
 ange of the structure within the planes\, linked to a distortion of the te
 trahedral geometry of the crystal\, with a slow (>ns) recovery. The succes
 sfully resolved molecular response (and the extracted ultrafast time const
 ants) aid in understanding the underlying mechanisms of the photo-switched
  insulator-to-metal transition.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/con
 tributions/6484/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6484/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The effect of thiol collectors on nickel-rich (110) pentlandite su
 rface
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6485@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Peace Mkhonto (University of Limpopo)\nAb-initio den
 sity functional theory was employed to investigate the interaction of thio
 l collectors on the nickel-rich pentlandite Fe4Ni5S8 (110) surface\, in or
 der to establish an insight into the collecting performances of SEX\, SIBX
  and DEDTP collectors during flotation. The HOMO and LUMO energies of the 
 three collectors were computed from DMol3 and revealed that SIBX had the s
 trongest ability to donate electrons\, while DEDTP accept electrons. We ob
 served that the collecting strength of DEDTP on the nickel-rich pentlandit
 e mineral (110) surface is mostly preferred amongst the three collectors. 
 In addition\, we observed that the Fe atoms had the strongest adsorption t
 han Ni atoms. The calculated Bader charges showed that SEX and SIBX behave
 s as electron donor while the DEDTP as electron acceptor. This was also co
 nfirmed by the charge density difference\, which showed charge accumulatio
 n on metals and charge depletion on S atoms of the collectors. Interesting
 ly\, we observed a charge accumulation at the internuclear region between 
 the adsorbed metal and S atoms of collector. This indicated that some char
 ges are localised in this region forming a normal covalent bond for DEDTP 
 and back donation covalent bond for SEX and SIBX. The PDOS for the adsorbe
 d system showed that the 3p-orbital HOMO peak is reduced near the EF\, sug
 gesting a strong interaction between the S of collectors and the Fe/Ni ato
 ms.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6485/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6485/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Measurement of the visible cross sections for proton-proton collis
 ions at 13 TeV with ALICE at the LHC
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6486@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: sibaliso mhlanga (ithemba LABS)\nThe performance of 
 a particle collider is characterised by the luminosity\, that is\, the num
 ber of collisions produced over time per cross-section. At the LHC\, lumin
 osity determination is based on the cross-section of a reference process 
 – the so called visible cross section measured in the van der Meer (VDM)
  scans. \n\nThe measurement of these cross sections is based on the partic
 le detection in the ALICE luminometers \, the TZERO (T0) and VZERO (V0) sc
 intillators. These detectors cover both sides of the interaction point. Th
 e T0 covers the pseudo-rapidity 4.6 < η < 4.9  (T0A)\, -3.3 < η < -3.0  
 (T0C) while the V0 detector covers the pseudo-rapidity 2.8 < η < 5.1  (V0
 A)\, -3.7 < η < -1.7  (V0C). In this talk\, we will present the measureme
 nt of visible cross sections performed with ALICE in the VDM scans during 
  proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV in 2015. Also\, an outlook stud
 y of the measurements taken during VDM scans in 2016 will be given.\n\nhtt
 ps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6486/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6486/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Simple approach to growth and characterization of ZnO/GO/P3HT laye
 red nanostructures for solar cell devices
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6487@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Fokotsa Molefe (Student at UNISA)\nPoor performance 
 of solar cell devices and low energy conversion brought great concern to r
 esearchers from different disciplines worldwide. As a result\, various gen
 erations of solar cells have been implemented to tackle energy challenges.
  Within emerging generations of solar cells\, layered devices are also gai
 ning much interest due to charge transfer that takes place amongst the lay
 ers. In fact\, for power conversion efficiency to be improved layered nano
 structured materials need to be good electron donor and acceptor. Carbon c
 ontaining nanomaterials offer the possibility of cooperative properties ar
 ising from interactions among the layered nanostructures. In the current s
 tudy\, simple and effective approach has been followed to prepare thin fil
 ms of zinc oxide\, graphene oxide (GO) and poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) 
 in the form of layered structures for photovoltaic applications. Their str
 uctural\, morphological and optical properties were investigated. The X-ra
 y diffraction (XRD) studies revealed the interaction of layered structures
  through determination of the basal spacing and unit cell dimensions. As p
 roof of concept of interaction\, Field emission scanning electron microsco
 py (FE-SEM) images showed nanoflowers of ZnO and well defined graphene she
 ets upon growth of GO layer indicating that GO films were uniformly imbedd
 ed. FTIR confirmed the existence of C-O and C=C bonds. From UV/VIS/NIR we 
 observed an enhanced absorption that validates the interaction with ZnO. P
 hotoluminescence (PL) measurements showed quenching and shifting of emissi
 on spectra due to charge and energy transfer. Furthermore\, an extensive s
 tudy to probe effect of ZnO and GO on the optical constants of P3HT was co
 nducted using Spectroscopic Ellipsometer (SE). Our work paves a way to ful
 ly understand interactions between ZnO/GO/P3HT layered structures using a 
 simple and reproducible process for solar cell devices.\n\nhttps://events.
 saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6487/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6487/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Computational and experimental study on effect of xanthate chain l
 ength on pyrite (FeS<sub>2</sub>) mineral surfaces
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T145000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T151000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6488@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Peace Mkhonto (University of Limpopo)\nIn this study
  ab-initio computational and microcalorimetry methods were used to study t
 he interaction of xanthate collectors of different chain lengths on pyrite
  (100) and (111) surfaces. The (100) surface was found to be more stable t
 han the (111) surface as such more dominant during ore grinding. This is a
 lso confirmed by the surface morphologies of pyrite in both approaches. Fo
 ur collectors were considered\, (i.e. SEX\, PNPX\, PNBX and PAX). The HOMO
  and LUMO energies computed from DMol3 revealed that the PAX had the stron
 gest ability to donate its electrons\, while SEX had the strongest ability
  to accept electrons. Furthermore\, PAX interaction on the surfaces is the
  most energetically favourable collector. We also observed that the (111) 
 surface has the strongest heat of adsorption\, which is attributed to less
  surface stability than the (100) surface. The calculated Mulliken atomic 
 charges showed that the xanthate collectors behaves as electron donor with
  the Fe atoms accept charges\, forming a back donation covalent bond. The 
 microcalorimetry test showed similar trend as the DFT adsorptions\, howeve
 r the heats of adsorptions were lower than DFT values. The findings depict
  the behaviour of xanthate of different chain length and reveal that a lon
 ger hydrocarbon chain collector may increase the floatability of the pyrit
 e mineral.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6488/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6488/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Detection of Cell Mismatch in Photovoltaic modules using Electrolu
 minescence imaging
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T122000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6489@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jacqui Crozier (NMMU)\nElectroluminescence (EL) is a
  useful characterisation technique as it is fast\, non-destructive and all
 ows defects in photovoltaic (PV) cells and modules to be identified.  The 
 intensity of the emitted EL is proportional to the material\, recombinatio
 n and resistive properties of the cell. EL imaging is very effective in de
 tecting cell defects in modules such as cracks\, broken fingers and broken
  cells.  These defects have been shown to influence the power output of th
 e modules proportional to the area affected. However\, an EL classificatio
 n scheme also needs to include the effects of cell mismatch due to Potenti
 al Induced Degradation (PID)\, Light Induced Degradation and poorly sorted
  cells. This cell mismatch is visible in the EL image as non-uniform EL in
 tensity\, where cells in the module appear darker or brighter than surroun
 ding cells.  This feature is not easy to visually identify and thus an ima
 ge processing routine has been developed to identify non-uniform PV module
 s by mapping the variation in EL intensity.\nIn this study of a large numb
 er of EL images and the corresponding maximum power (PMAX) results have be
 en used to assess the effects of cell mismatch on the performance of the m
 odule. This allows non-uniformity criteria to be developed that relates th
 e non-uniform EL intensity of cells to the power output.  Cell mismatch\, 
 visible as non-uniform intensity between cells is shown to be a contributi
 ng factor to power losses and an indication of module degradation.\nThis s
 tudy produces a classification system that can be automatically assess EL 
 images and can be applied to future research into the causes and effects o
 f PID and other degradation in PV modules.  This paper presents the classi
 fication criteria for cell mismatch and an analysis on the EL images in co
 mparison with the measured power compared with the nominal power of the mo
 dule.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6489/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6489/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:MeerLICHT: MeerKAT’s optical eye
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T122000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6490@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kerry Paterson (UCT)\nMeerLICHT is a 65cm optical te
 lescope situated in Sutherland. The MeerLICHT project\, as a part of the T
 hunderKAT project\, will be linked to MeerKAT in real-time\, in order to p
 rovide simultaneous optical and radio observations of the transient sky. S
 ince transient events often requires multi-wavelength observations within 
 a short time lapse\, the combination of MeerLICHT and MeerKAT will provide
  invaluable information on emission at both wavelengths\, including the re
 lation and evolution of emission from both wavelength windows.\n\nAfter th
 e installation and commissioning of MeerLICHT in May-June 2017\, early sci
 ence on MeerLICHT has begun. This\, along with testing the link between Me
 erLICHT and MeerKAT\, will continue until MeerKAT is completed and release
 d for science.\n\nIn this talk\, I will present an overview of the MeerLIC
 HT and ThunderKAT projects as a whole\, an overview of the MeerLICHT pipel
 ine\, early science results obtained with MeerLICHT\, as well as the timel
 ine and future works of the projects.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/
 91/contributions/6490/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6490/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Steady states of Open Quantum Brownian Motion
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6491@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ilya Sinayskiy (University of KwaZulu-Natal and Nati
 onal Institute for Theoretical Physics)\nOpen Quantum Brownian Motion (OQB
 M) describes a Brownian particle with an additional internal quantum degre
 e of freedom. Originally\, it was introduced as a scaling limit of Open Qu
 antum Walks (OQWs). Recently\, it was noted\, that for the model of free O
 QBM with a two-level system as an internal degree of freedom and decoheren
 t coupling to a dissipative environment\, one could use weak external driv
 ing of the internal degree of freedom to manipulate the steady-state posit
 ion of the walker [Sinayskiy\, I.\, and Petruccione\, F. (2016). Fortschr.
  Phys. doi:10.1002/prop.201600063]. This observation establishes a useful 
 connection between controllable parameters of the OQBM\, e.g. driving stre
 ngths and magnitude of detuning\, and its steady state properties. Althoug
 h OQWs satisfy a central limit theorem (CLT)\, it is known\, that OQBM\, i
 n general\, does not. The aim of this work is to derive steady states for 
 some particular OQBMs and observe possible transitions from Gaussian to no
 n-Gaussian behavior depending on the choice of quantum coin and as a funct
 ion of diffusion coefficient and dissipation strength.\n\nhttps://events.s
 aip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6491/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6491/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Electrical characterization of deep level defects created by bomba
 rding the n-type 4H-SiC with 1.8 MeV proton irradiations
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6492@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ezekiel Omotoso (University of Pretoria\, Pretoria\,
  South Africa)\nWe have characterized the deep level defects present befor
 e and after proton irradiation and annealing of n-type\, N-doped\, 4H-SiC 
 using deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS). The bombardment of the sam
 ple was carried out at fluence of 1.0 × 1012 cm–2. The suitability of S
 chottky barrier diodes (SBDs) was tested before and after proton irradiati
 on and annealing by current–voltage (I-V) and capacitance–voltage (C-V
 ) carried out at room temperature. I-V and C-V results revealed a degradat
 ion of the (SBDs) properties after proton irradiation. Rectification prope
 rties of the SBDs were restored gradually after annealing in flowing argon
  at temperatures varies from 125 to 625 °C. Presence of four electron tra
 ps (Ec – 0.10\, Ec – 0.13\, Ec – 0.18 and Ec – 0.69 eV) were obser
 ved in as-grown diodes. Deep level defects\, Ec – 0.42 and Ec – 0.76 e
 V\, were revealed after annealing the proton-irradiated SBDs up to 225 °C
 \, while Ec – 0.42 eV later annealed out at 425 °C which led to changes
  in the spectrum shown in Fig. 1. The disappearance of Ec – 0.42 eV also
  probably led to the appearance of two electron traps (Ec – 0.31 and Ec 
 – 0.62 eV) at annealing temperature of 425 °C. We speculate that the de
 fect Ec – 0.42 eV has a link or relationship with defects Ec – 0.31 an
 d Ec – 0.62 eV\, respectively. The defects\, Ec – 0.31 eV\, remained u
 p to high temperature annealing\, has a similar energy with defect Ec – 
 0.32 obtained after electron irradiation\, though unstable\, which has bee
 n attributed to a carbon interstitial.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event
 /91/contributions/6492/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6492/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Thermal and electrical transport properties of  Sm<sub>3</sub>Rh<s
 ub>4</sub>Ge<sub>13</sub>  compound
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6493@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sindisiwe Xhakaza (Highly Correlated Matter Research
  Group\, Department of Physics\, University of Johannesburg\, South Africa
 )\nPolycrystalline samples of Sm3Rh4Ge13 compound was synthesized by arc m
 elting the stoichometric quntities of respective purity elements. The comp
 ounds crystallize in the usual cubic structure\, space group Pm ̅3n (#223
 ) [1-2]. Our magnetic susceptibility measurements show antiferomagnetic be
 havour at low temperatures\, at TN = 5 K\, for Sm3Rh4Ge13. The high temper
 ature data of the inverse magnetic susceptibility deviates from Curie-Weis
 s behaviour\, and rather obey modified Curie-Weiss law. This work will foc
 us on thermoelectric properties of the system where\, our electrical resis
 tivity data depict a semiconducting nature by virtue of a systematic negat
 ive coefficient of temperature dependance and overall values of resistivit
 y that are not within the normal-metal range. The measured thermal transpo
 rt properties values of Sm3Rh4Ge13 exhibit low thermal conductivity and fa
 irly high and positive thermopower suggesting that the fermi surface in th
 ese materials is hole dominated.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/co
 ntributions/6493/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6493/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Thermal stability of perovskite precursors
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6494@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Thembinkosi Donald Malevu (University of The Free St
 ate)\nWe report on a thermal stability of Perovskite solar cells precursor
 s (CH3NH3I and PbI2) synthesized following a simple precipitate method. Th
 e structure\, morphology\, mass loss behavior\, thermal behavior and therm
 al stability of these materials were investigated using X-ray diraction (X
 RD)\, Scannig electron microscpoe (SEM)\, Dierential scanning calorimetry 
 (DSC)\, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)\nand Thermogravimet
 ric analysis (TGA)\, respectively. XRD measurements indicated the presence
  of both organic and inorganic materials. SEM analyses revealed that both 
 materials have similar morphologies that makes it compatible to work as a 
 loyal active layer. TGA analysis suggested that both CH3NH3I and PbI2\ncom
 ponents are stable at temperatures up to 244 degrees celsius and 500 degre
 es celsius\, respectively. The various functional groups present both CH3N
 H3I and PbI2 components were identified by FTIR analysis\n\nhttps://events
 .saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6494/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6494/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:First-principles studies of Te line-ordered alloys in a molybdenum
  disulfide monolayer
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6495@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: NOELIARINALA FELANA ANDRIAMBELAZA (University of Pre
 toria)\nThe electronic and optical properties of a two dimensional (2D) se
 miconductor materials (MoS2\, MoSe2\, MoTe2\, etc.) are usually controllab
 le by tuning their band gaps to meet the requirements of various electroni
 c applications. The band gap of a molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) monolayer ca
 n be tuned by creating alloys either at the molybdenum (Mo) sites or sulfu
 r (S) sites. Different alloy isomers such as random\, line and cluster con
 figurations can be formed at each concentration. Computing all the possibl
 e alloy configurations using first-principles methods is practically impos
 sible. In this work\, the thermodynamic stability\, structural and electro
 nic properties of the Te line-ordered alloys at the S sites are investigat
 ed using the density functional theory (DFT) methods. Thirty four possible
  Te line-ordered alloy configurations are found in a 5×5 supercell of a M
 oS2 monolayer. The calculated formation energies show that the Te line-ord
 ered alloy configurations are thermodynamically stable at 0K. The lowest e
 nergy configuration at each concentration corresponds to the configuration
  where the Te atom rows are far away from each other (avoiding clustering)
 . The variation in the lattice constants at different concentrations obeys
  Vegard’s law. The Te line-ordered alloys fine tune the band gap of a Mo
 S2 monolayer although deviating from the linearity behavior. Our results s
 uggest that the Te line-ordered alloys can be an effective way to modulate
  the band gap of a MoS2 monolayer to fullfill the requirement of nanoelect
 ronic\, optoelectronic and nanophotonic applications.\n\nhttps://events.sa
 ip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6495/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6495/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Characterization of Ce3+ doped ZnO nano-powders co-doped with diff
 erent concentrations of Eu3+ in polymer films of PVC\, PCL and PVC/PCL ble
 nds
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6496@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Moipone Alice Malimabe (University of the Free State
  (Qwaqwa))\nLuminescent nanoparticles are used in many fields of applicati
 ons\, such as bio-imaging\, nano-sensors as well as in light emitting diod
 es.   Nanoparticles of ZnO and Ce3+ doped ZnO co-doped with Eu3+ are synth
 esized by the chemical bath deposition method and then embedded in polymer
  matrixes of PVC\, PCL and a PVC-PCL blend via the solution casting method
 .  The optical properties of these polymer based Ce3+ doped ZnO co-doped w
 ith different concentrations (x %) Eu3+ nanomaterials were studied.  Param
 eters such as transmittance\, absorption coefficient and energy band gap w
 ere determined by employing the Tauc’s plot.    UV-Vis spectra of the po
 lymer films showed a slight decrease in the band gap energy when Ce3+ dope
 d ZnO co-doped with various amounts of Eu3+ nano-powders were dispersed th
 rough the polymer matrix.  Scanning electron microscope showed that ZnO na
 noparticles were found to spread more homogeneously in the PVC-PCL blend m
 atrix than though the matrix of the unit polymers of PVC or PCL.  The phot
 oluminescence results showed polymer films exhibited a luminescence band a
 round 444 nm.   Eu3+ in the co-doped nanoparticles brought about an increa
 se in the luminescent intensity of the polymer films at excitations around
  252\, 286 and 326 nm.  Further increase in intensity was found when the P
 VC-PCL blend matrix was used. This increase is attributed to the effective
  interaction between the nanoparticles of Ce3+ doped ZnO co-doped with x %
  of Eu3+ and the PVC-PCL blend matrix.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event
 /91/contributions/6496/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6496/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Intermediate Valence behavior in the new ternary compound Yb<sub>1
 3</sub>Pd<sub>40</sub>Sn<sub>31</sub>
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T082000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6497@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Redrisse Djoumessi Fobasso (University of Johannesbu
 rg)\nThe new ternary intermetallic compound Yb13Pd40Sn31 was obtained as p
 art of the investigation of the isothermal section of the Yb-Pd-Sn system 
 at 600°C [1]. The polycrystalline sample was prepared by induction meltin
 g method in sealed tantalum crucible under a stream of pure argon gas. The
  powder x-ray pattern indicated that the sample crystallizes in a hexagona
 l structure\, similar to hP168-Yb13Pd40Sn31 [1]. Magnetic susceptibility m
 easurement depicted a strange and non-regular temperature dependence in ap
 plied magnetic field of 0.01 T. The inverse magnetic susceptibility does n
 ot obey Curie-Weiss law throughout the measured temperature range (400 K 
 – 2 K).This behavior is unexpected for Yb in its magnetic Yb3+ state and
  suggests that the system is well described by the interconfiguration fluc
 tuation (ICF) model\, having an unstable valence for Yb ion. The temperatu
 re dependent electrical resistivity shows that the compound becomes superc
 onducting below 2.3 K\, however\, there are some speculations about the bu
 lk character of this superconductivity ground state. Specific heat analysi
 s shows that the anomaly at 2.3 K survives even in 1 T but is completely s
 uppressed in B = 4 T. As a most important discovery\, we observe that\, as
 ide from the peak at Tsc\, there is an enormous upturn in the Cp(T)/T vs T
  graph towards lowest temperature than can be assigned as a first thought 
 to a form of nuclear entropy.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contr
 ibutions/6497/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6497/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Studies of the low lying E1 “Pygmy resonance” modes in <sup>15
 4</sup>Sm using inelastic alpha scattering
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6498@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Harshna Jivan (University of the Witwatersrand)\nIn 
 this study\, the low-lying electric dipole (E1) response referred to as th
 e Pygmy Dipole Resonance (PDR) is investigated using the (α\,α’γ) ine
 lastic scattering reaction at 120 MeV on the deformed 154Sm nucleus. Coinc
 idence experiments were performed at the iThemba LABS using the K600 magne
 tic spectrometer in 0° mode and BaGeL (Ball of Germanium and LaBr detecto
 rs)\, an array of High-Purity Germanium (HPGe) and Lanthanum Bromide detec
 tors. The use of an alpha probe enabled the isoscalar character of the PDR
  to be investigated\, whilst the α-&gamma coincidence allowed for the sel
 ection of specific decay channels.\nThe study is motivated by the need to 
 further understand the underlying nature of the PDR. The PDR has been inte
 rpreted as an oscillation of the neutron excess against a proton-neutron s
 aturated core. Its strength has been linked to the neutron skin by several
  theoretical approaches\, providing possible constraints on the nuclear eq
 uation of state. These constraints play a vital role in the description of
  neutron stars. In addition\, the PDR has an influence on reaction rates i
 n the astrophysical r-process. In this talk\, preliminary results will be 
 presented and the methods employed for data extraction discussed.\n\nhttps
 ://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6498/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6498/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Lambda-neutron potential through fixed-angular-momentum inversion
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6499@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Emile Meoto (UNISA)\nQuantum systems with a strangen
 ess degree of freedom are very important as they provide an extra dimensio
 n\, and hence a deeper insight into nuclear matter. Usually phenomenologic
 al potentials obtained through meson exchange theories have been used in i
 nvestigating these hypernuclear systems. A lambda-neutron interaction cons
 tructed through fixed-angular momentum inversion based on the Marchenko In
 tegral Equation is presented. Owing to experimental difficulties in produc
 ing a sufficient number of lambda-nucleon scattering events\, theoretical 
 phase shift data is used as input for the inversion.  The potential obtain
 ed is energy-independent and has a soft core\, making it more suitable for
  quantum-mechanical few-body calculations.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/e
 vent/91/contributions/6499/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6499/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:FTIR assessment of In<sub>x</sub>Ga<sub>1-x</sub>As
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6500@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Japie Engelbrecht (NMMU)\nThe binary InxGa1-xAs allo
 y finds application as HEMT transistors\, laser and photodiodes\, triple-j
 unction photovoltaic devices and infrared detectors\, due to its advantage
 ous band gap\, which varies from 0.36 to 1.425 eV.  It is thus important t
 o determine the bandgap of grown layers in order to engineer and control t
 he optical properties of grown epilayers of InxGa1-xAs.\n\nFive InxGa1-xAs
  epilayers grown by metallorganic vapour phase depositioning (MOCVD) were 
 assessed by reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).  A
  Bruker 80V FTIR/Raman system\, fitted with a horizontal stage sample hold
 er\, enabling near-normal incidence of incident radiation\, was employed. 
  100 Scans of each sample were obtained at a resolution of 8 cm-1.  Spectr
 a obtained allowed determination of both the band gap from the inflexion p
 oint on the spectra\, and epilayer thickness from interference fringes.  T
 wo theoretical models were used to obtain the required refractive index as
  function of wavenumber for thickness calculations.  Results obtained indi
 cated that the respective band gaps varied between 1.2 – 1.4 eV\, while 
 the layer thicknesses varied between 1 and 2 micron.  Experimental values 
 are in agreement with information provided by the crystal growers.  Result
 s will be presented and discussed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/
 contributions/6500/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6500/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:<u><b>Analysis and optimization of the pore structure development 
 in activated carbon nanostructures</b></u>
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6501@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tjatji Tjebane (Necsa/UP)\nThe formation mechanism o
 f the porous framework in nanostructured carbons is important in a wide va
 riety of applications such as in supercapacitors\, gas storage\, adsorbent
 s and catalyst supports etc. especially in the production of activated car
 bons which are now one of the most common\, cheap and efficient materials 
 adopted by researchers for these applications. The accessibility to the po
 re sites by electrolyte ions and gases are highly determined by the precis
 e synthesis techniques adopted for these materials. As such\, there is an 
 important distinction between porosity that is connected to the exterior o
 f the material surface\, and porosity that is effectively inaccessible to 
 ion/fluid transport from the interior. These can be clearly distinguished 
 using small-angle neutron scattering contrast matching (SANS-CM) technique
  by suppressing the accessible pores whilst filling them up with a materia
 l with the same scattering density\, such as toluene. \nIn this study\, ac
 tivated carbon (AC) was produced from renewable biomass waste using a chem
 ical vapour deposition (CVD) technique via a pre-hydrothermal conversion s
 tep with optimization of key growth parameters. The textural\, structural 
 and morphological features were investigated by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller
  (BET) technique\, X-ray diffraction (XRD)\, X-ray photoelectron spectrosc
 opy (XPS)\, and Scanning/Transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM) charac
 terization. Finally the quantification of the accessible pores to optimize
  the surface area of the materials will be evaluated using SANS-CM.\nThe r
 esults analysed from this work would aid in the production of efficient an
 d stable porous materials\, from renewable waste sources\, suitable for el
 ectrochemical and gas sensing applications.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/
 event/91/contributions/6501/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6501/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Composite scintillators - new type of radiation hard scintillator
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6502@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Joyful Mdhluli (University of the Witwatersrand)\nCo
 mposite scintillators are new promising detectors for use in severe radiat
 ion environments. They consist of crystal granules embedded into an optica
 l transparent medium. This ensures a high radiation hardness within the sc
 intillator with comparison to normal plastic scintillators. However\, comp
 osite scintillators are low opacity materials as a result of the light sca
 ttered by the small crystal granules.\nWe report on optical and structural
  properties of these composite scintillators after irradiation using a neu
 tron beam of above 1*10^(14) n/cm^(2) generated by the IBR-2 reactor at th
 e Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics in Dubna\, Russia. The irradiation e
 ffects were characterized using Raman spectroscopy\, Light yield and Light
  Transmission measurements. We further report on the advantages and disadv
 antages of these composite scintillators\; and problems that need to be ad
 dressed. Preliminary results indicate a change in the light yield and ligh
 t transmission after a certain neutron flux whilst no structural changes w
 here observed from the Raman spectroscopy results.\n\nhttps://events.saip.
 org.za/event/91/contributions/6502/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A404
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6502/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A spatial ptychographic phase retrieval algorithm for microscopic 
 implementation in the NIR
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6503@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Anneke Erasmus (Stellenbosch University)\nThe use of
  spatial ptychography\, a lensless imaging technique\, in microscopy is we
 ll established. A ptychographical iterative engine (PIE) is a phase retrie
 val algorithm used to reconstruct the amplitude and phase of the sample fr
 om its far-field diffraction patterns. This holds some advantages over con
 ventional imaging. In this work\, the PIE algorithm described uses\, as in
 put\, the diffraction patterns recorded by illuminating a sample at variou
 s spatial positions with a 975 nm diode laser. The iterative algorithm rec
 onstructs the image by allowing the phase to converge in the overlap regio
 ns between neighbouring illumination positions. This method implies that t
 he resolution of this technique is not limited by optical elements in the 
 setup such as lenses\, but rather by the highest spatial frequency that ca
 n be recorded. An extension to the PIE is the ePIE (extended ptychographic
 al iterative engine). In ePIE the probe beam used to illuminate the sample
  is also reconstructed\, allowing for a faster reconstruction of the image
  and no a priori knowledge of the probe beam. Shown and discussed here are
  preliminary simulations that demonstrate this technique\, as well as the 
 setup of a ptychographic microscope.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/9
 1/contributions/6503/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6503/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Electronic properties of B and Al doped <i>graphane</i>: A hybrid 
 density functional study
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6504@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Edwin Mapasha (University of Pretoria)\nRecently\, t
 he two-dimensional (2D) material systems such as graphene\, graphane\, hex
 agonal boron nitride and various transition metal dichalconides monolayers
  have attracted great research interests owing to their peculiar propertie
 s. Graphane\, a fully hydrogenated graphene\, is a wide band gap semicondu
 ctor with a large exciton binding energy according to density functional t
 heory (DFT) prediction. Modulating the electronic structure of a semicondu
 ctor material is essential for device operations. Doping is recently consi
 dered to be a powerful tool to fine tune the band gap of various semicondu
 ctor materials. Using the hybrid density functional theory (DFT) approach\
 , we study the electronic properties of a graphane monolayer substitutiona
 lly doped with B (BCH) and Al (AlCH) atoms. The density of states (DOS) pl
 ot reveals that the band gap of graphane is slightly tuned down due to the
  BCH doping. Different scenario is observed on the AlCH DOS\, where the me
 tallic character has been noted due to the Al dependant spin states crossi
 ng the Fermi level. We further examine the response of the Al dependant sp
 in states on the multiple charge states. An addition of the electrons reta
 ins the metallic character of AlCH\, while the positive charges re-open th
 e band gap\, although in a small amount of magnitudes. Our findings sugges
 t the possibility of fine tuning the band gap of graphane through the defe
 ct and charge doping.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions
 /6504/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6504/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:<i>Ab-Initio</i> study of Oxygen Adsorption on Li/Na-MO<sub>2</sub
 > (110) Surface\, (M = Mn\,Ti and V)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6506@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: khomotso Maenetja (University Of Limpopo)\nMetal air
  batteries have been studies extensively but operation of Na-air batteries
  has just gained attention recently. Catalytic effect on the performance o
 f sodium air battery has not been an area of interest yet. However\, it ha
 s been reported that the most stable product in Na-air battery is NaO2 whe
 reas in Li-air battery it has been reported that the major and stable prod
 uct is Li2O2. In this paper\, we present density functional theory study o
 n how metal oxide (MnO2\, TiO2 and VO2) catalyst affects the formation of 
 Li2O2 and NaO2 and other products that may be formed. We further investiga
 te the discharge products of these two metal air batteries compared to the
  known systems of the product in terms of their formation energy and their
  morphology. Looking into the O-O bond length which plays an important rol
 e in Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) during discharge of the battery. Inte
 restingly it has been found that what was reported in literature\, that th
 e most stable products in Na-air batteries being NaO2 is indeed what has b
 een observed in our study. Furthermore\, the type of structure that has be
 en found was the pyrite form whereas the most stable product in Li-air bat
 tery\, Li2O2 has the hexagonal type. Amongst the three metal oxides it can
  be concluded that MnO2\, is the most favourable catalyst because it encou
 rages the formation of the reported stable products in both metal air batt
 eries.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6506/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6506/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Ionospheric Electrodynamics within the African sector
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T122000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6507@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Makhosonke Dubazane (SANSA Space Science)\nE x B dri
 ft influences plasma distribution and dynamics\; hence it has a significan
 t impact on space weather. We are presenting the model of E x B drift deve
 loped from magnetic field measurements of a pair of magnetometers at dip e
 quator (geomagnetic latitude: 0.17°N\, geographic longitude: 38.77°E) an
 d off- magnetic equator (geomagnetic latitude:  6.0°N\, geographic longit
 ude: 39.46°E) within the African sector. The model has been transferred t
 o different equatorial longitude sector. Statistically\, the correlation c
 oefficient over 5.77°W longitude sector is 0.663 compared to 0.794 for th
 e 38.77°E longitude sector. Quiet times (Kp≤3) results generated by the
  model will also be discussed and compared with ionosonde derived E x B dr
 ift.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6507/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6507/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The NMISA Watt balance
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T122000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6508@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Aletta Karsten (NMISA)\nThe international definition
  of the kilogram in the International System of Units (SI) has not been ch
 anged since 1889. The kilogram (unit of mass) is defined as the mass of a 
 Platinum-Iridium (Pt-Ir) alloy cylinder that is kept at the International 
 Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) in Paris\, France since 1889.  This 
 is about to change in 2018. The new definition will be based on a constant
  of nature.\nThe National Metrology Institute of South Africa (NMISA) is r
 esponsible for maintaining the SI units and to maintain and develop primar
 y scientific standards of physical quantities for South Africa and compare
  those standards with other national standards to ensure global measuremen
 t equivalence. NMISA has embarked on a project to develop a Watt balance i
 n preparation of the re-definition of mass. \nAs a first step in the proce
 ss\, NMISA built a Model Watt balance mainly from Lego blocks\, a replica 
 of the NIST Lego Watt balance and designed a Watt balance that was printed
  on a 3D printer. This paper will discuss the calibration procedure of a t
 ypical Watt balance and compare the results from the Lego Watt balance to 
 that of the 3D printed Watt balance and also discuss the major sources of 
 errors in the system.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions
 /6508/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6508/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:System Control Applications of Low-Power Radio Frequency Devices
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6509@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Roger van Rensburg (Wits)\nThis paper conceptualizes
  a low-power wireless network topology design for application employment t
 o reduce theft of portable computer devices used in educational institutio
 ns today. The aim of this study is to design and develop a network topolog
 y that can eradicate accessibility of the device's human interface. An emb
 edded system supplied by an energy harvesting source\, installed on the po
 rtable computer device\, will represent one of multiple slave nodes that a
 cknowledge regular updates or heartbeats from a standalone master station.
  A portable computer device which is operated in an undesignated area or i
 n a field perimeter where master to slave communication is restricted\, in
 dicating a possible theft scenario\, will initiate a shutdown of its opera
 ting system and render the device unusable. Consequently\, an algorithm in
  the device firmware may ensure the necessary steps are executed to track 
 the device\, irrespective whether the device is enabled. Design outcomes t
 hus far indicate that a robust wireless network topology development\, usi
 ng low-power embedded hardware\, is feasible. By incorporating one of the 
 latest system-on-chip Bluetooth low-energy\, ANT+\, ZigBee or Thread wirel
 ess technologies\, an anti-theft system can be implemented that has the po
 tential to reduce major portable computer device theft in institutions of 
 digitized learning. Many other diverse applications of low-power RF device
 s exists whereby the methods utilized in this study may aid in the continu
 ous monitoring of critical instrumentation systems found in different nich
 e fields.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6509/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6509/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Interference of distinguishable photon states
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6510@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bienvenu Ndagano (University of the Witwatersrand)\n
 Intensity fringes are characteristic features of optical interference betw
 een spatially coherent fields. At the quantum level\, interference express
 es the distinguishability of a given observable. A classic illustration is
  Young’s double slit experiment\; the two slits are indistinguishable\, 
 causing the two paths taken by a single photon to interfere on a screen. H
 owever\, the ability to measure interference is determined by the uncertai
 nty of the detector. In the case of Young’s double slit\, Heisenberg pos
 ition-momentum uncertainty determines the bounds of interference visibilit
 y\, and thus the photon distinguishability. Here\, we exploit a variant of
  Heisenberg uncertainty principle\, a time-energy uncertainty\, to demonst
 rate a quantum in energy and time\, using distinguishable photons. The ide
 ntity of photons as quanta of energy is generally encapsulated in the phot
 on energy . However\, a coherent superposition of distinguishable frequenc
 y states leads to interference in time which\, manifests itself as a frequ
 ency beat that can only be observed\, so long as it occurs within the dete
 ctor’s time uncertainty. We show that by marking the frequencies with po
 larisation\, we can erase or unravel the frequency information\, controlli
 ng the visibility of the frequency beating.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/
 event/91/contributions/6510/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6510/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:PLASMA DIAGNOSTICS ON THE ECRIS
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T082000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6511@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Muneer Sakildien (iThemba LABS)\nVarious techniques 
 are applied to Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sources (ECRIS) to enhance
  high charge state ion beam production\, but many of these remain not well
  understood. With Kα plasma diagnostics it is possible to develop a great
 er understanding of these techniques and in so doing improve the performan
 ce of the ion source for high charge state production. Two of the most com
 monly used techniques are gas mixing and double frequency heating. Here we
  will report on the results of preliminary measurements on the ECR ion sou
 rce at iThemba LABS and discuss future measurements\n\nhttps://events.saip
 .org.za/event/91/contributions/6511/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6511/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:SAIF - the South African Isotope Facility
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T101000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T103000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6513@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Robert Bark (iThemba LABS)\nThe iThemba LABS' Radioa
 ctive-Ion Beam project has evolved into SAIF - the South African Isotope F
 acility. It has two phases\, the first of which comprises the Low-Energy R
 adioactive-Ion Beam (LERIB) project and ACE Isotopes (Accelerator Centre f
 or Exotic Isotopes) project. ACE isotopes calls for the installation of a 
 commercial\, off-the-shelf 70 MeV cyclotron for radionuclide production. I
 t will remove isotopes production from the existing SSC accelerator\, free
 ing additional beam time for research.  The LERIB project is an upgraded v
 ersion of the RIB "demonstrator"\, capable of producing neutron-rich beams
  of high-intensity\, due to the fissioning of natural uranium at a rate of
  up to 6 x 1013/s. The beams from LERIB will be of low-energy\, 60 keV - s
 uitable for decay studies and implantation in materials as radioactive pro
 bes. Phase 2 of the SAIF project is the Accelerator Centre for Exotic Beam
 s (ACE Beams). It will see the addition of a post-accelerator\, likely a L
 INAC\, to take beams from the LERIB to high-energies for research into sub
 -atomic physics.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6513
 /
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6513/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Transformation of plant biomass waste into resourceful activated c
 arbon materials for mixed-assembly type electrochemical capacitors
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T101000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T103000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6514@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Damilola Momodu (UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA)\nActivated 
 carbon (AC) was obtained from three different plant biomass wastes sources
  (coconut shell\, pine cones and rice husk) via hydrothermal treatment fol
 lowed by carbonization at 800 °C. The morphological and structural charac
 teristics of the transformed carbon material revealed a porous network sui
 table for energy storage application. The asymmetric cells fabricated exhi
 bited EDLC behaviour in all material sample combinations using all three t
 ransformed activated carbons. The mixed assembly device worked comfortably
  in a voltage window of 1.5 V in a neutral electrolyte. A specific capacit
 ance (Cs) of ∼110 F g-1 was obtained with a corresponding energy density
  of 8.5 W h kg-1 and power density of 380 W kg-1 at a current density of 0
 .5 A g-1. An excellent stability was exhibited with a coulombic efficiency
  of a 99.7% and capacitance retention of 80% after 10000 continuous cyclin
 g at 5.0 A g-1. Furthermore\, subjecting the device to a floating test for
  ∼48 h (2 days) at the optimum voltage (1.5 V) revealed a drop in the in
 itial capacitance value but still without any recorded device failure. Rem
 arkably\, the asymmetric design showed a potential for adopting EDLC mater
 ials of different carbon sources in order to capture the entire properties
  for efficient and stable energy storage devices.\n\nhttps://events.saip.o
 rg.za/event/91/contributions/6514/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6514/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Discretization of an extended solar system
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6515@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Pieter Wagener (University of Fort Hare)\nA formula 
 derived from a theory of gravitation is applied to periods\, or distances 
 from the sun\, of orbiting bodies of the solar system extending to beyond 
 the Kuiper belt and into the Van Oort Cloud. It includes the periodic come
 ts and asteroids. The formula gives discrete distances for 38 selected sol
 ar bodies\, as well as discrete periods of the major comets\,  within an a
 verage relative deviation of 1.8\\% from the observed values.\n\nhttps://e
 vents.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6515/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6515/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Discovery of microdiamonds and disordered graphite by Raman spectr
 oscopy in a mullite-magnetite-silica glass melt rock of impact origin\, Gi
 lf Kebir Plateau\, SW Egypt
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6516@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Rudolph Erasmus (University of the Witwatersrand)\nL
 ibyan Desert Glass (LDG)\, discovered in 1933\, is a pale green rock of al
 most pure silica glass loosely scattered over approximately 2500 square ki
 lometres near the Egypt-Libyan border. It has been established that LDG or
 iginated during the explosion of an extra-terrestrial agent about 29 milli
 on years ago. In 2013 it was reported that a black\, diamond-rich\, rock f
 ragment discovered in the LDG area years earlier\, was a piece of comet\, 
 the first such cometary fragment to be found and identified. This cometary
  fragment was named "Hypatia". Separate from this discovery\, a mullite-ma
 gnetite-glass rock sample was collected from an area close to the LDG stre
 wn field in 2007. This melt rock has a composition and mineralogy unreport
 ed thus far for any terrestrial magmatic rock. Phase diagrams of the SiO2-
 Al2O3-FeO-Fe2O3 system suggests a temperature of ~1600 oC is required to p
 roduce the observed composition\, consistent with an extra-terrestrial ori
 gin\, but an absence of high pressure phases thus far seems to indicate ag
 ainst an origin by extra-terrestrial impact. In this presentation we show 
 very recent evidence obtained via Raman spectroscopy of cubic diamond and 
 disordered carbon present on a number of small\, irregular dark streaks pr
 esent in a light grey dull matrix of surrounding material. This discovery 
 of ~2 micron-sized diamonds present in the mullite-magnetite rock is diffi
 cult to explain by a terrestrial process and provides new evidence for the
  extra-terrestrial origin of the mullite-magnetite rock and its potential 
 association with the LDG and Hypatia.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/
 91/contributions/6516/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6516/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Bayesian r-priors: fixing the problems inherent in traditional bes
 t fit techniques
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6517@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Riyaadh Jamodien (SUN)\nA primary goal of data analy
 sis is to determine what mathematical model can best describe how the data
  came about. Often\, however\, there are competing explanations in the for
 m of different parametrisations\, so that model comparison becomes necessa
 ry.\n\nWithin the Bayesian framework\, model comparison is effected by mea
 ns of the evidence and the posterior odds as well as information criteria 
 inspired by information theory. These quantities are used to compare hypot
 heses to find the one closest to the physical model.\n\nStarting from the 
 usual minimum-chisquared fitting of data by linear models\, we show how th
 e evidence is calculated and why chisquared is an inadequate criterion. Th
 is leads us to introduce so-called r-priors which generalise the Zellner-S
 iow priors and Liang's g-prior to explicit spherically symmetric space.\n\
 nWe show by example how r-priors compare to\, and improve on\, both the tr
 aditional chisquared method and the older Bayesian methods.\n\nhttps://eve
 nts.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6517/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6517/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Gamma-ray Pulsars - A Cosmic Treasure Chest
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T122000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6523@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Christo Venter (North -West University)\nThe number 
 of gamma-ray pulsars has been steadily increasing since the launch of the 
 Fermi Large Area Telescope in 2008\, which was the catalyst for a great nu
 mber of new pulsar detections. These rapidly rotating neutron stars exhibi
 t rich phenomenology\, indicating that there are still many unsolved myste
 ries regarding the magnetospheric conditions in these stars after 50 years
  of research. Indeed\, this year marks the golden anniversary of the disco
 very of the first radio pulsar\, and theorists and observers alike are loo
 king ahead to another half-century of discovery\, with many new experiment
 s coming online in the next decades. In this talk\, I will give an overvie
 w of recent pulsar observations and describe their multiwavelength propert
 ies. I will also  briefly allude to some theoretical models that provide a
  framework within which to make sense of these extreme cosmic light houses
 .\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6523/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6523/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radiation Safety Calculations for iThemba LABS ACE Isotopes facili
 ty.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6518@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nkanyiso Mantengu (iThemba LABS)\nThe design of iThe
 mba LABS Accelerator Centre for Exotic (ACE) Isotopes facility was propose
 d to have four beam-lines\nfeeding the beam to two production vaults\, wit
 h each vault having two production stations. The plan is to simultaneously
  operate one production station in both production vaults\, meaning that o
 nly two opposite beam-lines will be delivering the beam at a time\, with e
 ach of the two beam-lines feeding 70 MeV energy proton-beam of up to 350 
 μA current. \n\nTwo Faraday cups will be simultaneously used to stop 50 
 μA (standard beam current) proton beams during the optimization of beam-l
 ines parameters.\n\nThe whole ACE operating system will be accompanied by 
 an interlock system that will switch off the parameters of the cyclotron\,
  e.g. the RF\, and insert a Faraday cup in the axial injection line in cas
 e the beam is accidentally stopped in the beam-line. Moreover\, less than 
 5% beam loss is expected to occur in the cyclotron. Beam-pipes of 150 mm d
 iameter were proposed\, therefore\, the beam losses in beam-lines are not 
 expected to be significant. Radiation resulting from beam loss in the cycl
 otron (35 μA at most) will\, to a large extent\, be shielded by the magne
 t of the cyclotron. The magnet shielding of the radiation caused by beam l
 oss inside the cyclotron is better in the vertical direction. Therefore\, 
 radiation that will make it through the cyclotron vault floor to the basem
 ent is not expected to be significant. \n\nConsequently\, for the shieldin
 g of the cyclotron\, the main source of radiation to consider was the beam
 s on Faraday ups\; Hence\, this study was looking at the optimal shielding
  design especially when the proton beams hit the Faraday cups during optim
 ization of the cyclotron beam-line parameters. This study was conducted us
 ing the FLUKA Monte-Carlo transport code.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/ev
 ent/91/contributions/6518/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6518/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Jitter Analysis of Pulse-Per-Second Timing Signals Transmitted ove
 r Optical Fibre Networks
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6519@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: KAGISO J LEBURU (NELSON MANDELA METROPOLITAN UNIVERS
 ITY)\nTelescope networks rely on high frequency clock tones to be distribu
 ted to each antenna for driving the digitizers\, time stamping the data an
 d for monitoring and control functions. Stringent timing signals also find
  use in organisations like Square Kilometre Array\, National Metrology Ins
 titute of South Africa\, Coordinated Universal Time and Global Positioning
  System\; as well as in areas of financial systems\, telecommunications\, 
 transport and the military. However\, clocks suffer from time deviation fr
 om the true periodicity\, known as jitter. Jitter is contributed by noise\
 , thermal effects\, and aging of clocks. It can be either random or determ
 inistic. In this study we analyse the jitter contributed by transmission o
 f pulse-per-second (PPS) timing signals over typical optical fibre network
 s. The PPS timing signals were transmitted in G.652 optical fibre of lengt
 h 3.21 km. A 1310 nm Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser\, biased at 4.
 79 mA\, was modulated using PPS signals. The overall jitter contribution f
 rom the optical fibre transmission was found to be 202 picoseconds. This m
 eans that the PPS signals’ periodicity deviates by this value\, and may 
 cause signal delays in communication and timing systems. This value agrees
  with the typical acceptable jitter ranges of pico- to femtoseconds. For s
 tringent timing applications\, jitter correction mechanisms may be require
 d to effectively compensate for the jittery in such systems. \nKeywords: T
 iming signals\, PPS\, Jitter\, Optical fibre networks\n\nhttps://events.sa
 ip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6519/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6519/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Investigating HI Intensity Mapping Techniques with KAT-7 Via Simul
 ations
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6520@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: THEOPHILUS ANSAH-NARH (RHODES UNIVERSITY)\nThe emerg
 ing observation technique to probe dark energy is HI intensity mapping (IM
 ). The technique mainly depends on mapping the integrated intensity of HI 
 (21 cm) emission of each pixel on the sky without absolutely resolving ind
 ividual galaxies. However\, the technique is faced with some challenges in
  terms of data analysis and specifically\, in measuring the primary beam r
 esponse of our instrument. Thus\, the primary beam modulates the intensity
  as a function of sky position\, which is precisely what is being measured
  by intensity mapping\nexperiment in the first place. This has to be overc
 ome in order to make such an experiment work to the best of its capabiliti
 es. We present a raster scan simulation of autocorrelation observations wi
 th KAT-7 using OSKAR and then compare our output to existing HI intensity 
 mapping data observed with KAT-7.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/c
 ontributions/6520/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6520/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The Characterization of the first excited  &frac12\;<sup>+</sup> s
 tate in <sup>9</sup>B
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T082000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6521@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: ndinannyi justice mukwevho (university of the wester
 n cape)\nThe 9Be - 9B isospin doublet carries fundamental significance for
  both nuclear structure and nuclear astrophysics studies. The first excite
 d ½+ state in 9Be is already well established. However\, its isobaric ana
 logue state in 9B has not been unambiguously determined yet. Theoretically
 \, the 9B nucleus can either be described using a cluster model with two u
 nbound α particles held together by a covalent proton or using the shell 
 model as a 8Be core + proton in the s-d shell. Both theoretical prediction
 s based on different models as well as experimental investigations yield l
 argely discrepant results for the excitation energy of this state.  \n\nTh
 is presentation describes preliminary results from an experiment performed
  at iThemba LABS that aimed to characterize the first ½+ state in 9B with
  the 9Be(3He\,t) reaction at the K600 spectrometer.\n\nhttps://events.saip
 .org.za/event/91/contributions/6521/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6521/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The effect of sample purity on the charge density wave compound Ti
 Se<sub>2</sub>
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6522@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Chani van Niekerk (Student)\nWe have investigated th
 e electronic structure of the charge density wave (CDW) compound TiSe2 usi
 ng detailed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements from the c
 ore levels (Ti 2p\, Se 3p and Se 3d)\, as well as the valence band. Four d
 ifferent samples were provided to us by collaborators at the University of
  Bath\, in addition to corresponding resistivity measurements. Each batch 
 has different sample purity and thus stoichiometry\, due to different grow
 th conditions. The four samples were studied in their cleaved and uncleave
 d forms\, after which they were stored in air and reinvestigated. XPS data
  were obtained at room temperature using two different photon energies (h
 ν = 1486.71 eV and 2984.3 eV)\, so that the contribution to the electroni
 c structure of both the surface and bulk of the samples could be probed.\n
 It was found that the cleanliness of the sample surface lasts for approxim
 ately 24 hours with minimal contamination in vacuum\, and that air storage
  affects the contamination to a large degree. Using the data obtained\, th
 e Ti:Se stoichiometry of each sample was determined. These results were co
 mpared to the transport properties measurements provided. As expected\, th
 e resistivity depends largely on the growth conditions – hence the sampl
 e purity. The resistivity curve of the purest sample batch peaks at a crit
 ical temperature of 202 K\, which corresponds to the CDW transition temper
 ature. When comparing the stoichiometry found using XPS to the resistivity
  curve\, it was found that a deviation of 5-10 % from the 1(Ti):2(Se) expe
 cted stoichiometry resulted in a lowering of the CDW transition temperatur
 e to 125 K.  So in agreement with the expected results\, the more pure the
  sample was found to be\, the closer the peak in the resistivity is to the
  maximum CDW transition temperature.\nIn the future we will use angle reso
 lved photoelectron spectroscopy in order to investigate the effect of stoi
 chiometry and sample purity on the low-energy electronic structure feature
 s displayed by the same samples. We foresee that this will shed light on t
 he controversial debate on the structure of the CDW phase reported for TiS
 e2  and the fact that that it may be a 2x2x1 structure as opposed to the p
 reviously assumed 2x2x2 structure.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/
 contributions/6522/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6522/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:ASSESSMENT OF ANNUAL EFFECTIVE\, DOSES FROM ENVIRONMENTAL TERRESTR
 IAL GAMMA RADIATION AND IN DANGOTE CEMENT INDUSTRY\, IBESE OGUN- STATE NIG
 ERIA
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T132000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T134000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6524@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kehinde Olatunji (Department of Science Laboratory T
 echnology \, Osun State College Of Technology\, Esa-Oke\,Osun State Nigeri
 a)\nTerrestrial gamma radiation dose rates of Dangote cement industry Ibes
 e Ogun state were measured using Digilert200. The mean outdoor terrestrial
  gamma dose rate is 137.16nGy/h with a range of 104.4nGy/h to 159.6nGy/h. 
 Also\, the annual effective dose ranged from 0.1600mSv/y to 0.2446mSv/y wi
 th a mean value of 0.210mSv/y. This value of mean annual effective dose of
  0.210mSv/y is well below 1mSv/y maximum permissible limit for the public\
 , set by International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). This 
 indicate that the people living and working within the area are safe and a
 re not exposed to high doses of radiation as a result of activities in the
  industry.\n\nKEYWORDS: Radionuclides\, Ibese\, Effective dose\, Digilert2
 00\, Environmental\, Dose rate\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/cont
 ributions/6524/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6524/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Higgs decay via the dark vector boson to four leptons
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6525@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Phineas Ntsoele (University of Johannesburg)\nThe St
 andard Model (SM) is known to be incomplete (it cannot explain dark matter
 \, dark energy\, gravitational waves\, matter-antimatter asymmetry\, etc).
  The introduction of a Dark Sector via an additional U(1)D gauge symmetry 
 added to the SM Lagrangian could be the long-awaited solution. In this mod
 el there is a dark vector boson Zd which can mix with the SM hypercharge g
 auge boson. This opens the Hypercharge Portal which can mediate the fluctu
 ation of a Z to a Zd\, or the decay of the Zd to SM leptons. If a dark Hig
 gs singlet also exists\, this then breaks the U(1)D\, opening the Higgs po
 rtal and also allowing for Higgs mass mixing between the SM and dark secto
 rs.  Including dark fermionic fields in the Lagrangian allows for long-liv
 ed cold Dark Matter candidates. The various connections between the Dark a
 nd SM sectors allow descriptions of many key astro-physical phenomena. The
  Model is therefore a fascinating candidate for new physics beyond the SM.
  It becomes crucial to search for experimental signatures of this model. T
 his contribution discusses a search for the dark force boson Zd using its 
 production via the Higgs Portal and its decay back to SM leptons: H → hd
 → ZdZd → 4l.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6525
 /
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A404
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6525/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Geometrical Validation of ATLAS New Small Wheel Simulation Softwar
 e
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6526@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Chilufya Mwewa (University of Cape Town)\nThe Large 
 Hadron Collider (LHC)\, the largest hadron accelerator ever built\, began 
 operations in 2009 at centre-of-mass energies of 0.9\, 7 and 8 TeV (Run I)
 . After a long shutdown (LS1) of two years (2013-2014)\, the LHC resumed o
 perations in 2015 (Run II) at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and reache
 d a record luminosity of 1.37 x 10^34 cm-2 s-1\, exceeding its design lumi
 nosity of 10^34 cm-2 s-1. In addition\, it is expected to reach a centre-o
 f-mass energy of 14TeV by the end of Run II (2018). Thereafter\, the LHC w
 ill undergo another shutdown (LS2) in preparation for even higher luminosi
 ty scenarios during Run III. Such high luminosities are anticipated to aff
 ect\, among other things\, the tracking and triggering of muons in the ATL
 AS detector's muon spectrometer due to high counting rates (mostly from in
 creased cavern background) and fake high transverse momentum tracks. To ad
 dress this issue\, the ATLAS collaboration will replace the innermost stat
 ions in the muon spectrometer end caps (Small Wheels) with a set of precis
 ion tracking and trigger detectors capable of handling high rates - the Ne
 w Small Wheels (NSW). The NSW design is proposed to have two types of dete
 ctor technologies: Small Strip Thin Gap Chambers for triggering and Micro 
 Mesh Gas Structures for precision tracking. The performance of the NSW at 
 these high rates is currently being studied in simulations. A validation s
 tudy to check how well the simulation software depicts the geometry of the
  NSW  detector planes is presented here.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/eve
 nt/91/contributions/6526/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A404
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6526/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Heavy Flavor Tagged Photon Bremsstrahlung from AdS/CFT
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T122000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6527@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: William Horowitz (University of Cape Town)\nWe compu
 te for the first time the near-side photon bremsstrahlung spectrum associa
 ted with open heavy flavor propagating through a strongly-coupled quark-gl
 uon plasma.  We expect that this observable will show measurably distingui
 shable differences between the soupy slowdown in AdS/CFT compared to the s
 poradic stiff smacks from a weakly-coupled pQCD plasma gas.  Assuming the 
 heavy quark loses energy from the usual AdS/CFT drag setup we find that sm
 all angle photon radiation is suppressed in medium compared to vacuum whil
 e wide angle radiation is enhanced.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91
 /contributions/6527/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6527/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Design\, construction and performance evaluation of a greenhouse t
 emperature regulated\, agitated portable biogas digester
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6528@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Asheal Mutungwazi (UFH/FHIT)\nBiogas technology has 
 a high potential to meet the domestic\, medium and large-scale facility en
 ergy needs of South Africa. Many digester designs\, which include the diff
 erent models of the fixed dome\, balloon and floating drum digesters\, hav
 e been installed in the country for more than sixty years. The effects of 
 low temperatures during cold seasons and nights\, temperature fluctuations
 \, the high cost of electrical heating\, infeasibility of digester install
 ation in rocky and mountainous terrains\, inefficient agitation and diffic
 ult maintenance experienced in the use of most of the installed digester d
 esigns are common challenges associated with the biogas technology. In thi
 s research\, a 100 litre\, semi-continuously fed and agitated portable dig
 ester whose operation temperature is automatically maintained at an optimu
 m of 35 ± 0.5°C and a pH of 6.8-7.2 within a thermodynamically sized gre
 enhouse by means of a temperature sensitive thermal piston for venting con
 trol through a suitably sized window was designed and tested. The digester
  has an anchor impeller for intermittent mixing of the substrate slurry. T
 he cowdung used had a total solids(TS)\, volatile solids (VS)\, chemical o
 xygen (COD and ammonia nitrogen content of 151 mg/L\, 33.6 mg/L\, 2235 mg/
 L and 698 mg/L respectively. Analysis of the biogas produced showed a spec
 ific biogas yield of 0.582 m3/kgVSadded and a methane content of 64% using
  cow dung as substrate. The benefits of high methane production and digest
 er design suitability in any setting i.e. rural\, urban\, rocky or smooth 
 areas offered by this design will lead to a faster dissemination of the bi
 ogas technology. The design is also in intimate alignment with the South A
 frican Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) national strategy of 2010.\n\nhttps:
 //events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6528/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6528/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:(p\,t) reactions on Barium isotopes and neutrinoless double beta d
 ecay.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6529@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jespere Calderone Nzobadila Ondze (University of the
  Western Cape)\nThe massive nature of neutrinos opens the possibility that
  they could be Majorana fermions (the neutrino being the same as its antip
 article). The observation of a neutrinoless double beta (0&nußß) decay w
 ill validate this possibility and its measured decay rate will determine t
 he absolute neutrino mass scale. However\, if the latter were observed\, t
 here still exists a large uncertainty on the calculated transition matrix 
 elements for double beta decay candidates that will affect the determinati
 on of the neutrino mass.Having a better understanding of the structure of 
 these nuclei greatly help constrain these calculations. In this poster we 
 describe the study of (p\,t) reactions on 136Ba and 138Ba  initiated at th
 e University of the Western Cape in order to obtain useful nuclear structu
 re information for the double beta decay matrix element calculations of 13
 6Xe to 136Ba.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6529/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6529/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Kinetics of essential oil extraction from castor seeds and macadam
 ia nuts
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T101000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T103000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6530@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jonathan Kiaka (Mineral Processing and Technology Re
 search Centre)\, Sharon Makgoga (University of Johannesburg)\nMacadamia nu
 ts and castor seeds are some of the popular sources of essential oils. Oil
  extraction from these two natural products can be effected by both cold p
 ressing and solvent extraction or a combination of the above. In this work
  both raw materials\, extraction mechanisms and kinetics of essential oils
  production from their seeds using different techniques will be discussed.
  The kinetics of essential oil extraction from castor seeds and macadamia 
 nuts would be affected by different factors (size of the seeds/nuts\, hard
 ness\, integrity of the seeds/nuts\, temperature\, pressure and concentrat
 ion of the extraction medium). Data collected during the oil extraction pr
 ocess are discussed in the light of existing kinetics models. Whether  fir
 st order or not argumentation will be made.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/
 event/91/contributions/6530/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6530/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Focused Ion Beam Imaging of Induced Defects in Polycrystalline Sil
 icon Solar Cells
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6531@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gilbert Osayemwenre (FHIT)\nPotential induced degrad
 ation (PID) is expected to cause both morphological and crystallographic d
 amage in polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) solar cells due to its microstr
 ucture and inherent grain boundaries.  Formation of hotspots is caused\, m
 ore often than not\, from under-performing solar cells connected in series
  with other cells.  This may be a result of mismatching during the batchin
 g stage of assembly\, inconsistent anti-reflective coating\, uneven degrad
 ation of the encapsulating material due to UV exposure\, moisture ingress 
 and even something as benign as a falling leaf.\nFor this study we have in
 tentionally mismatched a cell in a polycrystalline cell string to induce h
 otspot formation.  I-V measurements confirmed the mismatch in the cell str
 ing while infrared thermography confirmed the formation of hotspots.  The 
 targeted (mismatched) cell was then isolated from the string for further a
 nalyses.  The first step was to identify the damaged regions on the cell a
 nd establish the Si vibrational modes in the damaged regions as compared t
 o that of the un-damaged regions through Confocal Raman Spectroscopy.  SEM
  analysis revealed that hotspots were formed since carbon was prevalent in
  the observed damaged regions.\nFocused Ion Beam (FIB) analysis allowed th
 e systematic\, controlled removal of layers of pre-determined thickness to
  establish whether indeed the p-n junction structure still exists within t
 hese damaged regions.  Results obtained show that once the junction breakd
 own voltage of polycrystalline Si is reached\, catastrophic changes in bot
 h the morphology and crystallography of the cell can significantly reduce 
 the power producing capability of the cell.  The final paper will present 
 these results in detail through FIB imaging.\n\nKeywords: Polycrystalline 
 Silicon Solar Cells\, Hotspot Formation\, Morphological and Crystallograph
 ic Damage\, Focused Ion Beam\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contri
 butions/6531/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6531/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Neutron Capture Cross Sections of S-process Branch-Point Nuclei
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6532@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bonginkosi Kheswa (University of Johannesburg)\nAt c
 ertain locations in the s-process path\, there are unstable nuclei with be
 ta-decay rates comparable to the neutron capture rates. This opens up a ne
 w possible pathway for the s-process: instead of just undergoing beta deca
 y\, the radioactive nucleus could also survive long enough to capture a ne
 utron. Hence\, the s-process splits into two branches\; these special case
 s are called s-process branch-point nuclei and they are of special interes
 t because they provide information on the stellar neutron density at the s
 -process site [1]. On the other hand\, they are problematic because their 
 (n\,&gamma) cross section is usually not accessible via direct measurement
 s. Three such branch-point nuclei are addressed in this project: 185W\, 18
 6Re and 186Os\, which are of particular interest due to the Re-Os cosmochr
 onology: the 187Re –187Os pair may be used as a cosmochronometer to dete
 rmine the duration of the stellar nucleosynthesis before our solar system 
 as formed [2]. However\, the existence of the above mentioned branch-point
 s induces complications[3]. Hence an improved determination of the (n\, &g
 amma) cross-sections for these nuclei is essential. In this conference I w
 ill present the newly determined cross-sections of 184\, 185\, 186W(n\, &g
 amma) reactions which have been constrained using the experimental nuclear
  level densities and photon strength functions of 185\, 186\, 187W nuclei.
  These statistical nuclear properties were measured at the cyclotron labor
 atory of Oslo using 186W(d\, X) reactions (where X = p\, d\, t) and beam e
 nergy of 13 MeV.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6532
 /
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6532/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Measurement of W and Z boson production in p-Pb collisions at &rad
 ic\;s<sub>NN</sub> = 5.02 TeV in ALICE
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T132000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T134000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6533@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: AMAL SARKAR (NRF iThemba LABS\, Cape Town)\nThe prod
 uction of electroweak W± and Z0 bosons is extensively studied at the CERN
  Large Hadron Collider (LHC) because they are important benchmarks of the 
 Standard Model. Due to their masses\, they are produced in hard scattering
  processes occurring at the early stage of a collision and they interact w
 eakly\, therefore\, they are not affected by the strong interaction. There
 fore\, they can be used as a reference for medium induced effects. In p-Pb
  collisions\, their production can be used to study the modification of pa
 rton distribution functions in the nucleus and to test the validity of bin
 ary collision scaling while in pp collisions their cross sections are know
 n with a precision limited by the parton distribution function (PDF) uncer
 tainties. The production of W and Z bosons is one of the best-understood p
 rocesses and the hard scattering cross sections have been calculated up to
  the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) approximation. \n\nIn ALICE the 
 measurements of W and Z boson production are performed via the muonic deca
 y channel in p-Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV at forward (2.03 < ycms 
 < 3.53) and backward (-4.46 < ycms < -2.96) rapidities. The measured cross
  sections will be presented and they will be compared to perturbative Quan
 tum Chromodynamics calculations at next-to-leading order. In addition\, an
  outlook study of W boson production in Pb-Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 
 TeV will be discussed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contribution
 s/6533/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A404
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6533/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Characterization and Classification of a 5-kW Xenon Lamp Solar Sim
 ulator with an Ellipsoidal Reflector
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6534@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Cuthbert Makosa (Fort Hare University)\nSolar photov
 oltaic (PV) modules are generally guaranteed to provide up to 85% of their
  rated power after 25 years of outdoor exposure.  However\, a number of fa
 ctors\, be it inherent to the PV technology or due to the environment\, ca
 n result in premature performance degradation and even electrical failure.
 \nIn order to monitor the module’s performance\, without the influence o
 f the constantly changing outdoor operating conditions\, it is necessary t
 o use a solar simulator where the light intensity (100 mW/cm2)\, module te
 mperature (25ºC) and air mass between the light source and the target are
 a (AM 1.5 global spectrum) are constant even after 25 years.  These consta
 nt conditions constitute the Standard Test Conditions (STC)\, which are un
 iversally accepted for solar simulators.\nFor this study\, a steady state 
 simulator was designed\, built\, characterized and classified.  The 5-kW X
 enon lamp simulator with ellipsoidal F2.5 reflector was characterized in t
 erms of (i) the spectral match to the AM 1.5 global spectrum with a 100 nm
  bandwidth from 300 nm to 1100 nm\, (ii) the irradiance spatial uniformity
  as measured with a class A pyranometer and (iii) the temporal instability
  over both short- and long-term periods.  These three criteria were measur
 ed over an effective target area of 1.5 m x 1.5 m (at a grid size of 5 cm 
 x 5 cm)\, with source-to-target distances varying from 2.0 m to 6.0 m.  As
  per the IEC 60904-9-2007\, ASTM and JIS specifications\, the designed sim
 ulator conforms to an AAA rating.  That is\, the measured spectra were wit
 hin 0.75 - 1.25 times the AM 1.5 global spectrum (A)\, ≤ 2% spatial non-
 uniformity over the entire target area (A) and < 2% long-term instability 
 (A).\nFurthermore\, current-voltage (I-V) measurement reproducibility of t
 he simulator was evaluated for various PV modules technologies and the res
 ults indicated a confidence level of more than 95%.  This paper will detai
 l the design of the simulator\, methodology for AAA rating\, its results a
 nd reproducibility of the I-V measurements of various PV technologies.\n\n
 Keywords: AAA Solar Simulator\, STC\, Spectral Match\, Irradiance Spatial 
 Uniformity\, Temporal Instability\, I-V measurements\n\nhttps://events.sai
 p.org.za/event/91/contributions/6534/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6534/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Micro-indentation Hardness Increase in Ion Implanted Boron Nitride
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6563@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Lehlohonolo Lisema (Wits)\nPreviously we have shown 
 that implantation of the hexagonal allotrope of boron nitride with light i
 ons (e.g. He+\, Li+\, B+) produces a surface layer containing nanoparticle
 s of the much harder cubic allotrope\, as revealed by Raman spectroscopy\,
  X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy.  We now show that the irradiat
 ed layer is measurably harder when interrogated by micro-indentation which
  probes a layer comparable to the ion range. The hardness value increases 
 reproducibly with the ion fluence\, confirming that the latter is responsi
 ble for it. There are possible implications for the surface hardening of B
 N components after they have been configured in the easily machinable hexa
 gonal form.  Some aspects of the hardening mechanism are discussed.\n\nhtt
 ps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6563/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6563/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Capacitance Measurements on Potential Induced Degradation of Polyc
 rystalline Silicon Solar Cells
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6535@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gilbert Osayemwenre (FHIT)\nPolycrystalline silicon 
 (poly-Si) solar cells\, in the absence of effective and substantive electr
 ical protection\, are very susceptible to point defect formation.  Natural
 ly this would occur if the cell were reversed bias by its adjacent string 
 cells when it is partially shaded\, say.\nFor this study we have induced d
 egradation on a single partially shaded poly-Si cell through reverse biasi
 ng the cell under illumination of 100 mW/cm2.  Degradation of the cell was
  confirmed through current-voltage (I-V) measurements before and after deg
 radation.  Before the induced degradation\, capacitance-voltage (C-V) meas
 urements were used to establish the doping density and build-in voltage at
  the cell junction\, both in the dark and under illumination.  The depleti
 on width or space charge region of the junction and the average diffusion 
 length were also estimated.  After the induced degradation\, these paramet
 ers were measured again under the same conditions.\nApart from the observe
 d morphological damage to the micro morph of the polycrystalline structure
 \, a significant reduction in the build-in voltage was observed.  In addit
 ion\, the decrease in the diffusion length indicated that new interstates 
 were formed due to junction breakdown\, allowing the electrons to recombin
 e in a comparatively shorter distance from where it is generated towards t
 he depletion region edge.\nThe final paper will give a detailed account of
  the observed induced degradation\, its effect on doping density\, build-i
 n voltage and the total thickness of the cell that is contributing to the 
 photo-generated current.\n\nKeywords: Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Cells\
 , Capacitance-Voltage Measurements\, Performance Degradation\, Build-in Vo
 ltage\, Doping Density\, Depletion Width\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/eve
 nt/91/contributions/6535/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6535/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Analytic Tools for the Study of Cepheid and Other Variable Stars
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T122000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6536@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nigist Beyene (AIMS South Africa)\nWe introduce anal
 ytic tools we are designing for the study of cepheid and other variable st
 ars. The study and analysis will include long terms variability analysis o
 f these variable stars\, using both archival and new data\, and thus have 
 potential to not only probe the physical properties of the stars\, but als
 o their evolutionary characteristics and use as distance probes.\n\nhttps:
 //events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6536/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6536/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Characterization of defects in BaF2 using postron annihilation and
  XRD techniques
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6537@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Thulani Jili (University of Zululand)\nDifferent exp
 erimental techniques have clearly demonstrated that the predominant intrin
 sic point defects in ionic barium fluoride are anion Frenkel pairs. We uti
 lized positron annihilation technique in obtaining Doppler broadening spec
 tra in the temperature range 300 – 900 K. Theoretical approach uses the 
 density functional theory and the generalized gradient approximation which
  calculate the Doppler broadening spectra. The Ba-atom contribution toward
 s electron-positron annihilation momentum density increases steadily with 
 temperature. At 693 K\, the positron annihilation fraction due to Ba-atom 
 when anion Frenkel is created\, is found to be 84.44% compare to 15.56% fo
 r F-atom. We also noted that for F di-vacancy at 693 K\, the annihilation 
 fraction due to 5p and 6s valence and core electrons in Ba increases by 2.
 13% to 86.57%. The rate of disordering of fluorine sub-structure is found 
 to increase non-linearly from a temperature of 580 K without observing any
  appreciable conductivity. X-ray diffraction method provided a lattice con
 stant of 0.625 nm at 693 K through which an appreciable conductivity of 4.
 64 × 10-7 Ohm-1 cm-1 is first observed. This is demonstrated through the 
 correlation between the lattice constants and the conductivity values at e
 levated temperatures.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions
 /6537/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6537/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Study of the low-lying states in <sup>26</sup> Mg nuclei.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6538@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Pheladi Molema (Student)\nThe study of 26 Mg level s
 tructure is of particular importance in nuclear structure physics because 
 of its impact in the slow neutron capture process (s-process) for the nucl
 eosynthesis of heavy elements up to lead. In fact\, the 26 Mg is the compo
 und nucleus for the s-process neutron source 22Ne (α\, n)25 Mg that is on
 e of the dominant reaction in the s-process. Since it is an endothermic re
 action it competes directly with the 22 Ne (α\,γ) 26 Mg radiative captur
 e. Understanding the rate of both of these reactions is crucial for linkin
 g the observational evidence of s-process abundance with the internal stru
 cture of the stars. The uncertainties in the energy of the 26 Mg states an
 d the inconclusive spin- parity assessments still lead in large error bars
  in these reaction rates.\n\nIn this work\, the low-energy states in 26 Mg
  were populated using the inelastic scattering of alpha particles with bea
 m energy of 120 MeV. The 26 Mg (α\,α'γ)26 Mg measurements can be useful
  to improve the uncertainties in these rates by studying and extracting th
 e characteristics of the excited states of 26 Mg.  The experiment was perf
 ormed at iThemba LABS research facility using a new designed experimental 
 set-up: the K600 magnetic spectrometer coupled to the BaGeL array (Ball of
  Germanium and LaBr detectors). This combination was used to perform the c
 oincidence measurements between charged particles and gamma rays. The exci
 tation and the subsequent gamma decay of the 26 Mg states of interest will
  be investigated. Preliminary results on the analysis will be presented.\n
 \nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6538/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6538/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Two gluon correlation
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T122000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6539@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Andriniaina Narindra Rasoanaivo (University of Cape 
 Town)\nIn this presentation we want to motivate a new technique to compute
  the momentum distribution \nfor emission of an arbitrary number of gluons
  radiated from a high-pT quark passing through a QCD medium. The technique
  is an extension of the maximal helicity violating (MHV) method in which t
 he usual soft-collinear factors are classified according to the gluon perm
 utations \nsymmetry. Based on the single gluon emission distribution\, fir
 st we will present the distribution for the two gluon emissions in the ass
 umption of a Poisson distribution. Second\, we will show a rigorous techni
 que using the MHV to compute the same distribution\, and last we extract t
 he non-abelian effect that break the Poissonnian pattern.\n\nhttps://event
 s.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6539/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6539/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Computational modelling studies of O2/Pt surface for fuel-cell app
 lication
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6540@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hasani Chauke (University of Limpopo)\nAb-initio den
 sity functional theory with the generalized gradient approximation was use
 d to investigate the interaction of oxygen molecule with the Pt (100)\, (1
 10) and (111) surfaces. The oxidation of Pt may lead in the development an
 d enhancement of the catalytic activity of fuel-cells\, especially those o
 perating at low temperatures\, such as proton exchange membrane fuel cells
  and proton conducting membrane fuel cells. The optimization of the non-ad
 sorbed platinum surfaces reflected that the (111) surface is the most stab
 le surface. Three adsorption sites were considered\, the bridge\, hallow a
 nd Pt-top. For oxygen molecule adsorption on Pt\, we observed a superoxide
  (Pt-O-O) formation on (100) surface while on (110) surface a bridge bondi
 ng (Pt-O-O-Pt) is observed. The adsorption energy indicated that on the (1
 00) surface\, the Pt-top adsorption site is more exothermic than bridge an
 d hollow sites. Furthermore\, the electronic density of state show strong 
 Pt 3d and O 2p hybridization which is attributed to the strong adsorption 
 energy.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6540/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6540/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Theoretical characterization of beryllium and nitrogen co-doped gr
 aphene: a proposed p-type semiconductor for nanoelectronic devices
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6541@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Okikiola Olaniyan (UP)\nAb-initio calculations withi
 n the framework of density functional  have been performed to study the el
 ectronic properties of Be and N co-doped graphene. The results have been c
 ompared with that of Be-doped\, N-doped and pristine graphene. The effect 
 of doping and isomerization on the electronic properties of these systems 
 have been studied by varying the impurity concentrations of Be-doped and N
 -doped graphene systems from 3.13 through 12.5 %\, while for Be and N co-d
 oped graphene\, the concentration have been varied from 6.25  through 25.0
  % impurity concentration.The formation energies of the systems with diffe
 rent impurity configurations were calculated to examine their relative sta
 bilities. It was found that for Be-N co-doped graphene\, N and Be coexisti
 ng as the nearest neighbours is energetically the most favourable configur
 ation. Moreover\, at the same impurities concentration\, Be-N co-doped gra
 phene was observed to be more stable than Be-doped graphene due to its low
 er formation energy. Thus these results reveal that it is much easier to s
 ynthesize Be-N co-doped graphene than to synthesize Be-doped graphene. Hen
 ce\, the relatively high formation energy of Be-doped graphene could be th
 e reason why the system is yet to be synthesis experimentally.\nThe result
 s of the electronic structure calculations reveal that Be-N co-doped and B
 e-doped graphene are p-type semiconductors while N-doped graphene has been
  verified to be n-type semiconductor. \nFor all the doped systems consider
 ed\, it was observed that the size of the band gap increases with impurity
  concentration with respect to the aforementioned energetically most favou
 rable isomer. At impurity concentration of 3.13 %\, a minimum band gap of 
 0.44 eV and 0.21 eV was realised for Be-doped and N-doped graphene respect
 ively while at 12.5 % corresponding maximum gap of 1.41 eV and 0.6 eV were
  observed. Besides\, Be-N co-doped graphene were found to have a minimum b
 and gap of 0.43 eV at 6.25 percent and a maximum gap of 1.54 eV at 25.0 % 
 impurity concentration.\nThe results of our study demonstrate that the ban
 d gap of graphene can be tailored to meet the requirements of specific app
 lications in nanoelectronic devices.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/9
 1/contributions/6541/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6541/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Optimasation of galaxy identification methods in large HI surveys
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6542@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Thembaloxolo Gqaza (University of Cape Town)\nThe fu
 ture of analysing HI-data cubes with respect to understanding the evolutio
 n of the neutral\ngas content in galaxies will take a giant leap forward. 
  This is due to the advent of the HI-survey projects\nthat will be pursued
  with the Square Kilometer Array (SKA) and its Pathfinders. The forthcomin
 g\nHI-surveys will produce spectral data cubes of unprecedented size. In p
 reparation for the huge data volumes that will be generated\, various auto
 mated source identification and parametrisation applications have been dev
 eloped (e.g. SOFIA\; see Serra et al. 2016).  While these algorithms have\
 nbeen thoroughly tested on simulated HI data cubes (see Popping et al. 201
 2)\, they have not yet been evaluated in any systematic way on real data. 
  In this paper\, we present a comprehensive analysis of various source ide
 ntification and parameterization methods of a three-dimensional large\nHI 
 data cube obtained with the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT). T
 he source-finding and parameterisation tools conform of visual\, fully-aut
 omated\, and semi-automated inspection.  Each source-finding method is app
 lied to the WSRT data cube\, as well as a simulated data cube with equival
 ent parameters to the WSRT cube. The latter is used for quantifying reliab
 ility and completeness of the three methods. The final results will allow 
 optimisation of the various algorithms.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/even
 t/91/contributions/6542/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6542/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:An Implementation and Evaluation of Machine Learning Methods for M
 orphological Galaxy Classification
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6543@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Julius Stopforth (University of Cape Town)\nWe prese
 nt a novel summary and comparison of various machine learning methods for 
 morphological classifications of galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Surve
 y (SDSS). We re-implement these methods in an open-source and publicly ava
 ilable repository\, and examine the accuracy of these methods in reconstru
 cting ground-truth expert knowledge distributions from previous crowd sour
 cing work\, as well as provide an analysis and comparison of the performan
 ce of the methods selected. Projects such as Galaxy Zoo\, a large scale cr
 owd sourcing initiative using human/expert knowledge to classify a subset 
 of data from the SDSS\, produced large labelled datasets of galaxies which
  has seen both crowd sourced solutions and methods in literature attemptin
 g to match classification accuracy of experts. By conducting such a study 
 in an open-source manner\, this work will allow future methods to be quick
 ly compared and evaluated against a sizeable subset of existing methods.\n
 \nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6543/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6543/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Exploring the nature and strength of the Isoscalar Giant Monopole 
 Resonance in <sup>12</sup>C
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6544@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Frederick David Smit (iThemba LABS)\nThe excitation 
 region centered around 10 MeV in 12C is characterized by several broad ove
 rlapping states. Recent Anti-symmetrized Molecular Dynamics cluster calcul
 ations show that the Isoscalar Giant Monopole Resonance (ISGMR) may have t
 wo components and that the smaller amplitude oscillation may contribute to
  the strength in this region. It is proposed to measure the 14C(p\,t)12C r
 eaction at 0 degrees for comparison to the 12C(alpha\,alpha’) reaction a
 t 0 degrees. The (p\,t) reaction is expected to only weakly excite the  IS
 GMR while the (alpha\, alpha’) reaction excites it strongly. A compariso
 n of the two excitation modes will help to unravel where the contributions
  of the ISGMR are in the excitation energy spectra of 12C. Some very preli
 minary results from the (p\,t) experiments will be shown.\n\nhttps://event
 s.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6544/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6544/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Undergraduate students' difficulties with motion of hooked objects
  on inclined and horizontal surfaces
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6545@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Itumeleng Phage (Central University of Technology\, 
 Free State)\nThe purpose of this study was to investigate the conceptual k
 nowledge and skills of undergraduate physics students on the motion of two
  objects on a surface\, inclined and or horizontal. The study was conducte
 d with 103 introductory physics students in B.Ed  (FET) Natural Science pr
 ogramme at Central University of  Technology (CUT)\,  Free State\, Bloemfo
 ntein campus. A pre-test was administered to test and investigate their pr
 e-knowledge of concept. The test was on problem-solving on the concept. Th
 e results indicated that the majority (more than 80%) of students had huge
  difficulties with where and how to start in order solve these problems. T
 hey lacked basic knowledge of free-body diagram and vector analysis and as
  a result they could not apply or deduce equations to solve. A follow up r
 emedial class was conducted to clear up the confusion and to assist them t
 o acquire necessary and basic skills and knowledge of vector analysis\, vi
 z.\, free-body diagram\, finding vertical and horizontal components of vec
 tors\, equilibrium conditions as well application of Newton’s Second law
  of motion. With this skill\, they were introduced to deriving equations t
 o calculate the acceleration of the objects and the tension of the wire co
 nnecting them (mathematical skills). A post-test was thereafter administer
 ed and the results indicated a great improvement (more than 70%) in the ve
 ctor analysis and mathematical application of vectors in problem solving. 
 Follow-up interviews indicated deficiencies and confusion from their previ
 ous learning although some students (about 30% of the 70%) indicated they 
 need to be taught the concept first before the test. Their reasoning was t
 hat they forgot the concept as they didn’t understand it previously and 
 or they had previously learnt it to pass before.\n\nhttps://events.saip.or
 g.za/event/91/contributions/6545/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6545/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Spin induced switching in gadolinium functionalized multiwall carb
 on nanotube nanocomposites
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6546@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Siphephile Ncube (University of the Witwatersrand)\n
 We report on the switching behaviour in Multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWN
 Ts) functionalized with a gadolimium (Gd) supramolecular complex. The nano
 composite is synthesized from a modified covalent functionalization method
  to enhance the strength of interaction between the CNT and the magnetic s
 upramolecules. The structural and magnetic properties of Gd-DPTA functiona
 lized MWNTs are exploited using various techniques namely High Resolution 
 TEM\, Magnetic force microscopy\, Raman spectroscopy and SQUID magnetometr
 y. The thermal variation of the inverse suceptibility indicates that the n
 anocomposite exhibits an antiferromagnetic exchange interaction. Most impo
 rtantly from the low temperature transport studies at 300 mK in devices fa
 bricated from networks of Gd-functionalized MWNTs\, it was found that spin
  induced switching is observed which is attributed to co-tunneling in the 
 coulomb blockade regime. The strength of the spin switching was found to b
 e dependent on the excitation current and increased from 3 to 10% at 10 µ
 A and 1 µA respectively. We also observed anisotropy in the switching fie
 lds as well as multiple switching events similar to nonlocal four probe me
 asurements previously observed in single walled carbon nanotube networks. 
 This work has potential for application in the fabrication of data storage
  and high speed electronic devices.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91
 /contributions/6546/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6546/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The role of the pre-exponential factor in the segregation profiles
  of Cu(111)-SnSb and Cu(100)-SnSb ternary alloys
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6547@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Joseph Asante (Tshwane University of Technology)\nA 
 Cu(111) and Cu(100) were thermally doped with the same concentrations of S
 n (0.14 at%) and Sb (0.12 at%) in both crystals. Auger electron spectrosco
 py was used to measure the segregation profiles. The segregation parameter
 s of Sn and Sb were extracted by comparing simulated profiles with the exp
 erimental data.\nThe segregation profiles in the two crystals were compare
 d and it was found that the profiles of both Sn and Sb in Cu(111) shifts t
 o lower temperatures than those in Cu(100). The quantified segregation par
 ameters were used to explain the shift. It is argued that changes in the p
 re-exponential diffusion factors\, rather than the activation energies\, i
 s the main contributing parameter.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/
 contributions/6547/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6547/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:<b>Structural and thermodynamic properties of Zr-Nb-Co</b>
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6548@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Magoja Malebati (student)\nMore advanced Zr-based al
 loys are being developed for the more severe operating conditions such as 
 higher burn-up and increased operation temperature\, this is due to their 
 good resistance to corrosion and high melting point. In this work\, densit
 y functional theory have been used to investigate the structural and therm
 odynamic properties of Zr-Nb-Co system at various concentrations. We used 
 the virtual crystal approximation to introduce small Co content on differe
 nt Zr-Nb composition\, Zr78Nb22\, Zr97Nb3\, Zr98.1Nb2\, Zr99Nb1\, We found
  that the increase in Co concentration enhances the stability of the compo
 und with the Zr78Nb22 being the most preferred composition\, and the alloy
  is stable only at a small Co concentration of about 3%. The structure wer
 e also confirmed using XRD patterns. we also found that the Zr78Nb17Co3 st
 ructure is stable above 900K\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contri
 butions/6548/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6548/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The search for new bosons at the Large Hadron Collider
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T082000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6549@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bruce Mellado (University of the Witwatersrand)\nWit
 h the discovery of a Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) new op
 portunities have open for the field of collider physics. The study of the 
 couplings of this Higgs boson to other particles and the search for new bo
 sons have become a focus. Based on features of the data collected by exper
 iments at the LHC during Run 1 (until the end of 2012) the hypothesis of a
  new boson was formulated and the compatibility with the data was estimate
 d. In this hypothesis the new boson would have a mass around 270 GeV and w
 ould decay in to the Higgs boson and another scalar\, referred to as S\, a
 mong other decays. This leads to a number of predictions that will be summ
 arized. The compatibility of the hypothesis with new data will also be dis
 cussed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6549/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A404
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6549/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Synthesis and characterization of mixed hydroxide NiCo(OH)2 and Ni
 CoMnO2 nanocomposites for high performance supercapacitors
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6550@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kabir Oyedotun (UP)\nCurrently\, energy storage devi
 ces materials with controlled morphology and properties can be prepared us
 ing simple and low temperature stirring technique. The technique is relati
 vely simple\, cost effective and suitable for sample preparation.\n \nIn t
 his work\, we report the synthesis and characterization of environmentally
  friendly mixed hydroxide NiCo(OH)2 and NiCoMnO2 electrodes successfully f
 abricated via a low temperature\, simple and effective stirring process. T
 he electrodes were prepared by force-driven hydrolysis of hydrated nitrate
 s of nickel\, cobalt and manganese salt at a temperature of 40°C for 2 ho
 urs. The structure and morphology of the sample were characterized using X
 ‐Ray powder diffraction (XRD) and high magnification scanning electron m
 icroscopy (HM-SEM). The electrochemical performance of the samples was cha
 racterized by using galvanostatic charge‐discharge test on the prepared 
 electrodes in alkaline electrolyte. X-ray diffraction and scanning electro
 n microscopic studies showed that the materials are crystalline and well d
 istributed. XRD results indicate that the composite material is fairly cry
 stalline and multiple phase structure. SEM images reveal a fairly correlat
 ed morphological differences between the samples with the NiCo(OH)2 having
  agglomerated bigger grains compared to the less crystalline NiCoMnO2 with
  smaller but evenly distributed grains. The electrochemical performance sh
 owed a significant difference with the NiCoMnO2\, which displays higher ca
 pacity and better cycling stability which is considered to be as a result 
 of its smaller grains size and the large specific surface area.\n\nhttps:/
 /events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6550/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6550/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Effect of growth time of hydrothermally grown VO2 for supercapacit
 ors applications
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6551@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ndeye Maty Ndiaye (UP)\nIn this work\, we report the
  time-dependent synthesis of VO2 microspheres and nanosheets by hydrotherm
 al method with a systematic improvement in physical and electrochemical pr
 operties such as specific surface area and specific capacitance at synthes
 is time of 6 h. VO2 microspheres and nanosheets were characterized by SEM\
 , BET and XRD. The results show that variation of reaction time plays a cr
 ucial role in the transformation of samples morphology. VO2 microspheres s
 ynthesized within 4 h represents the intermediate reaction time between VO
 2 microsphere and nanosheets. VO2 grown at 6 h under the same synthesis co
 nditions exhibited the highest specific capacitance of 485 F g-1 at a curr
 ent density of 0.5 A g-1 in 6 M KOH electrolyte using Ni foam as a current
  collector and also showed excellent stability with ~ 98.5 % capacitance r
 etention after 1000 cycles at a current density of 10 A g-1. Based on the 
 above results\, the VO2 nanosheets show a considerable potential as electr
 ode materials for supercapacitor applications.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.
 za/event/91/contributions/6551/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6551/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Comparison of ionospheric scintillation proxies derived from high 
 sampling rate GNSS data.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6552@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Pierre Cilliers (SANSA Space Science)\nIonospheric s
 cintillation is caused by rapid variations in the electron density of the 
 ionosphere. It manifests as rapid fluctuations in the amplitude and phase 
 of radio signals traversing the ionosphere. In the case of navigation sign
 als transmitted from satellites of the Global Navigation Satellite System 
 (GNSS) ionospheric scintillation can cause a decrease in the accuracy of p
 osition estimation. During extreme fluctuations\, a loss of lock on the sa
 tellites can occur\, which can result in data outages. The ability to esti
 mate the likelihood of ionospheric scintillation is of great importance fo
 r precision navigation applications such as GNSS assisted aircraft landing
  systems.\n\nDedicated GPS scintillation and total electron content monito
 rs (GISTMs) sample the GNSS amplitude and phase at a high rate (20 - 50 sa
 mples per second) and then quantify the ionospheric scintillation in terms
  of the amplitude scintillation index (S4) and the phase scintillation ind
 ex (σφ)\, which are based on the standard deviation of the amplitude and
  phase averaged over a period of 1 minute. The aim of this research is to 
 derive proxies for ionospheric scintillation which can be obtained from or
 dinary dual frequency GNSS receivers\, which are much more widely distribu
 ted than GISTMs\, so as to develop regional maps of the occurrence frequen
 cy of ionospheric scintillation.\n\nIn this paper we present some prelimin
 ary results on the comparison of conventional scintillation indices to a s
 cintillation proxy based on the rate-of-change-of-total-electron-content (
 ROT) derived from GNSS signals recorded by a receiver installed at Pwani U
 niversity (Geo. Lon: 39.78°E\, Geo. Lat: 3.24°S) in Kenya which is withi
 n the proximity of the southern equatorial ionization anomaly crest\, a re
 gion of frequently occurring ionospheric scintillations. The ROTI-index\, 
 which is a scaled version of the standard deviation of ROT\, is shown to c
 orrespond well to the S4-index for moderate scintillations. It also has th
 e ability to detect short-duration high amplitude scintillations that are 
 not detected by the S4-index.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contr
 ibutions/6552/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6552/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Gas-Sensing Properties of TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanoparticles Double Dop
 ed with Ag and Cu
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6553@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Olatunbosun Nubi Nubi (University of Limpopo)\nNanom
 etric powders of titanium dioxide (TiO2) were prepared by the sol-gel synt
 hesis of titanium isopropoxide. With Ag and Cu as dopants\, single and dou
 ble doped samples\, at doping levels of 5% molar weight\, were achieved. I
 n addition\, undoped samples were also prepared. The samples were dried in
  air at 100°C and post annealing was done at 300°C and 900°C\, in order
  to obtain the anatase and rutile polymorphs respectively. The changes in 
 the electrical conductivities of representative anatase and rutile TiO2 na
 nopowders upon exposure to water-vapour\, ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen (H2) 
 were then investigated. Sensing measurements for water-vapour was done at 
 room temperature for various humidity levels ranging from 5.4% RH to 88.4%
  RH. The detection of NH3 and H2 gases were carried out at temperatures ex
 tending from room temperature to 350°C and over concentration ranges of 2
 5 sccm to 500 sccm and 15 sccm to 200 sccm respectively. The gas-sensing r
 esults show that the sol-gel fabricated TiO2 nanoparticles (particularly i
 n anatase form)\, has excellent fast and stable dynamic responses to humid
 ity\, NH3 and H2. They feature good sensitivities\, even at a low operatin
 g temperatures. However\, acceptor behaviour\, for which there was a condu
 ctivity switch from n-type to p-type\, was recorded for the Ag-doped rutil
 e powders at operating temperatures of 300°C and 350°C. Overall\, the do
 uble-doped sample annealed at 300°C was deemed the most promising candida
 te for gas-sensing.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6
 553/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6553/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Evolution of “spinel-layered-spinel” Composites in the Li-Mn-O
  Nanoarchitectures
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T122000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6554@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Raesibe Sylvia Ledwaba (Physics)\nThe fast lithium i
 on diffusion kinetics and superior high rate capability of 2D (nanosheets)
  and 3D (nanoporous) nanoarchitectures have ignited interest in their util
 ization as electrode materials for lithium ion batteries. The exceptional 
 performance properties are mainly due to the large surface area of these s
 mall particles leading to the shortened lithium ion and electron diffusion
  path within 3D channels of the electrode material during cycling process\
 , compared to the parent bulk [1\, 2]. In the current study\, simulated am
 orphization and recrystallization technique will be employed to generate t
 he nanoarchitectures as was previously employed to generate nano-architect
 ures of binaries such as MnO2 [3] and ternary Li2MnO3 [4]. A wealth of cry
 stallographic defects was captured i.e. grain boundaries and point defects
 . Microstructures of the resulting models conformed to the spinel polymorp
 h and also indicated the presence of spinel Mn3O4 and layered-Li2MnO3. XRD
  patterns compare favourably with experimental XRDs providing validation o
 f composite formation.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contribution
 s/6554/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6554/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Photobiomodulation activates the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in dia
 betic wounded cells in vitro
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T082000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6555@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sandy Jere (Laser Research Center\, University of Jo
 hannesburg)\nThe Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcrip
 tion (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway consists of four JAK and seven STAT fami
 ly members. It is involved in the transmission of external signals via rec
 eptors to the nucleus\, resulting in transcription and downstream events s
 uch as cellular proliferation and migration. Wound healing is coordinated 
 by complex signaling cascades involving different growth factors\, cytokin
 es and chemokines. In diabetes\, wound healing is delayed due to various m
 echanisms including decreased cell proliferation and cytokine/growth facto
 r response\, with epidermal growth factor (EGF) being one such cytokine. P
 hotobiomodulation (PBM) involves exposing wounds to lasers to induce wound
  healing\, and has been shown to stimulate cellular migration and prolifer
 ation. However\, the mechanism/s involved in these observations are not we
 ll understood. The aim of this investigation was to determine if PBM activ
 ates the JAK/STAT signaling pathway leading to cellular migration and prol
 iferation in a diabetic wounded cell model. In this investigation\, WS1 hu
 man skin fibroblast cells were exposed to a continuous wave diode laser at
  660 nm with a fluence of 5 J/cm2. Diabetic cells were continuously grown 
 in media with an additional 17 mM/L glucose. A monolayer of WS1 cells were
  wounded by performing a central scratch. Diabetic wounded cells cultured 
 in the presence or absence of exogenous human recombinant EGF (rhEGF)\, an
  inducer of cell proliferation\, were irradiated and incubated for 48 h. A
 ZD1480\, a JAK2 inhibitor\, was used to inhibit cell proliferation\, migra
 tion and wound repair. Exogenous rhEGF treated\, AZD1480 treated and non-i
 rradiated (0 J/cm2) cells served as controls. Cellular migration was monit
 ored microscopically every 12 h for 48 h by doing time-lapse. Expression o
 f EGF and phosphorylation of its receptor (EGFR)\, as well as JAK2\, STAT1
  and 3 was analyzed by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and i
 mmunofluorescence microscopy. PBM at 660 nm with 5 J/cm2 significantly inc
 reased expression of EGF\, phosphorylation of EGFR\, JAK2\, STAT1 and 5\, 
 and increased cellular migration. AZD1480 significantly reduced cellular p
 roliferation and migration. PBM of diabetic wounded cells at 660 nm with 5
  J/cm2 stimulates migration and proliferation of cells via expression of E
 GF which binds to and phosphorylates EGFR which in turn leads to the activ
 ation of the JAK/STAT pathway.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/cont
 ributions/6555/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6555/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Hybrid Poincare beams from the source
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6556@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hend SROOR (University of The Witwatersrand)\nCurren
 t laser cavities are designed in such a way as to generate fundamental Gau
 ssian modes\, however\, these modes are not suited for the application in 
 hand which raise the need for higher-order modes. Examples of such modes a
 re the higher-order vector vortex modes which are spatial modes of light w
 ith a non-uniform polarization distribution. These higher-order modes are 
 routinely generated in the laboratory outside a laser cavity\, using a var
 iety of polarization optics\, and through manipulation of the dynamic and 
 geometric phase of light. Inside the laser cavity however\, controlling hi
 gher-order modes has proven to be a non-trivial task especially in separat
 ing degenerate higher-order laser modes such as Laguerre Gaussian vortex m
 odes\, as they possess identical propagation characteristics\, intensity d
 istributions and size. The experimental realization of other higher-order 
 beams directly from a laser cavity is also a non-trivial task with little 
 evidence of control to-date. Furthermore\, current detection schemes for l
 aser modes are only effective for low order modes\, however\, the efficien
 t sorting of very high order modes remains topical. We experimentally demo
 nstrate an optical resonator that could generate intra-cavity first order 
 Laguerre Gaussian mode. Lastly\, we show how the system the system will be
  manipulated to generate modes with large orders (greater than 100).\n\nht
 tps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6556/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6556/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Quantum-statistical phenomenon of sustainability and its manifesta
 tions in dissipative photonic systems
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T101000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T103000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6557@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Konstantin Zloshchastiev (Durban University of Techn
 ology)\nIt is shown that sustainability is a universal quantum-statistical
  phenomenon\, which emerges during propagation of photons inside different
  dissipative media\, such as waveguides\, metamaterials or biological tiss
 ues. These quantum effects occur due to the interaction of electromagnetic
  (EM) waves or photons with their environment\, which can be described by 
 means of the reduced density operator and effective non-Hermitian Hamilton
 ian (NH) approach. We illustrate them using two seemingly entirely differe
 nt kinds of photonic systems: (1) We start by considering EM wave propagat
 ion in dielectric linear media\, for which we derive the effective Hamilto
 nian operator\, which describes such propagation. This operator turns out 
 to be essentially non-Hermitian. Using the density operator approach for g
 eneral non-Hermitian Hamiltonians\, we derive a master equation that takes
  into account statistical ensembles of EM wave modes. The method describes
  dissipative processes which happen during the wave's propagation\, and\, 
 among other things\, it reveals the conditions that are necessary to contr
 ol the energy and information loss inside the above-mentioned materials. (
 2) In case of photobiological complexes (PBCs)\, such as photosynthetic re
 action centers and centers of melanogenesis inside living organisms or org
 anelles\, we derive a simple effective model of excitonic energy transfer.
  We demonstrate that photobiological systems must be both quantum and sust
 ainable for them to simultaneously endure continuous energy transfer and k
 eep their internal structure from destruction or critical instability. We 
 show that in sustainable PBCs\, quantum effects survive on a much larger t
 ime scale than the energy relaxation of an exciton. Besides\, sustainable 
 evolution significantly lowers the entropy of PBCs and improves the speed 
 and capacity of energy transfer therein.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/eve
 nt/91/contributions/6557/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6557/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:An introduction to diffusive shock acceleration in space sciences
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6558@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Phillip Prinsloo (Centre for Space Research\, North-
 west University)\nDiffusive shock acceleration is thought to be a primary 
 mechanism by which particles gain energy at shock waves in magnetized medi
 a. We provide an introduction to the basic physics of these shocks and the
  associated acceleration of non-thermal charged particles\, and explain ho
 w the effects of this acceleration mechanism are incorporated into models 
 of energetic particle transport in the heliosphere. Furthermore\, we illus
 trate the relevance of shock acceleration in the context of space sciences
 \, discussing its involvement at the solar wind termination shock and duri
 ng space-weather events\, such as coronal mass ejections and the accelerat
 ion of energetic storm particles.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/c
 ontributions/6558/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6558/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Kondo and crystal - eletcric field effects andMagnetic behaviour i
 n Ce8Pd24(Al1−xSnx)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6559@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Aiman Bashir (University of the western Cape)\nThe c
 ompounds Ce8Pd24(Al1−xSnx)\, (0 < x <1) have been studied by means of el
 ectrical resistivity\, &Rho(T)\, thermoelectric power\,\nS(T)\, thermal co
 nductivity\, &lambda(T)\, magnetic susceptibility\, &Chi(T) and magnetizat
 ion\, M(&mu0H) measurements. All investigated\ncompositions crystallize in
  a cubic AuCu3 - type crystal structure with space group Pm3m (No. 221). &
 Rho(T) data is dominated by\nboth coherent Kondo lattice scattering and cr
 ystal-electric field effect (CEF) for alloys in the concentration range 0 
 < x < 0.7\nand by only CEF effect for alloys with x< 0.8. At low temperatu
 re &Chi(T) data indicate a steep decrease at TN associated with\nantiferro
 magnetic (AFM) phase transition for all compositions. Below TN\, &Chi(T) i
 s described by a spin - wave dispersion relation with\nan energy gap &delt
 a. The high temperature S(T) data is described by the phenomenological res
 onance model giving the characteristic\ntemperature TCEF associated with C
 EF effect. &lambda(T)(T) increase linearly with temperatures from low T. T
 he reduced Lorentz number\,\nL/L0 increase upon cooling and exhibit maxima
  which decrease in magnitude with increasing x. &Chi(T) data at high tempe
 rature\nfor all compositions follows the paramagnetic Curie - Weiss relati
 on with negative Weiss temperatures constant &theta p and effective\nmagne
 tic moments μeff close to the value of 2.54 μB expected for the free Ce3
 + - ion. The low temperature dc &Chi(T)(T) data indicate\nan AFM anomaly f
 or all compositions\, associated with a N´eel temperature ranging from TN
  = 4.3 K to 7 K between the two\nend compounds also observed in the $Rho(T
 ) results. Field - cooling (FC) and zero - field - cooling (ZFC) &Chi(T)(T
 ) data indicates spin -\nglass behaviour at Al concentrated alloys. M(&mu0
 H) data increase linearly with field up to 5 T\, with no evidence of metam
 agnetic\ntransition and hysteresis loop.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/eve
 nt/91/contributions/6559/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6559/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Microstructural\, Photoluminescence and Raman properties of highly
  Cu doped ZnO nanorods.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6560@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Benard Mwankemwa (UP)\, Jackie Nel (UP)\, Mmantsae D
 iale (UP)\, Shadrach Akinkuade (UP)\nIn this study\, we report on the chem
 ical bath deposited (CBD) copper (Cu) doped ZnO nanorods. X-ray diffractio
 n (XRD)\, scanning electron microscope (SEM)\, Raman and photoluminescence
  (PL) studies have been done in order to investigate the effect of doping 
 concentration on ZnO nanostructures. XRD patterns of the ZnO nanorods\, sh
 ow a remarkably strong diffraction peak along the (002) direction indicati
 ng the formation of hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO. The intensity of 
 longitudinal optical peak\, E1 (LO) observed in the Raman spectra ZnO nano
 structures increased with increase in doping concentrations\, confirming t
 he formation of defect with doping. Photoluminescence spectra of Cu doped 
 ZnO nanorods shows ultraviolet (UV) emission along with visible emission p
 eaks while undoped ZnO showed only UV emission peak.\n\nhttps://events.sai
 p.org.za/event/91/contributions/6560/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6560/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Coupling of single neutron and proton configurations to collective
  core excitations in <sup>162</sup>Yb.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6561@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Linda Mdletshe (University of Zululand)\nThe excited
  states of 162Yb have been studied at iThemba Laboratory for Accelerator B
 ased Sciences (iThemba LABS)\, using the 150Sm (16O\, 4n)162Yb fusion-evap
 oration reaction. The beam of 83 MeV 16O was provided by the Separated-Sec
 tor Cyclotron (SSC) and used to bombard a 3 m/cm2 150Sm target. The &gamma
  -rays emitted from the reaction products were detected using the AFRODITE
  &gamma -ray spectrometer\, comprised of 8 Compton-suppressed clover detec
 tors. Attempts have been made to identify the low-lying excited states in 
 162Yb. Many levels have been found. In particular the first excited 02+ ba
 nd and the even and odd sequences of the &gamma band have been firmly esta
 blished. The 02+ band and the even spin members of the &gamma band are obs
 erved to exhibit a Laundau-Zenner crossing. This crossing demonstrates tha
 t the signature splitting in &gamma bands is mainly caused by band mixing.
  The data will be discussed in terms of the Triaxial Projected Shell Model
  and also with the predictions of the 5-Dimensional Collective Model (5-DC
 M).\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6561/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6561/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Chilarity in 193Tl
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6562@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Joram Ndayishimye (iThemba LABS)\nResearch conducted
  at iThemba LABS showed that chiral symmetry can develop in the thallium i
 sotopes in the 190 mass region. In order to increase the knowledge about c
 hirality in this mass region\, a ɤ-spectroscopy study of 193Tl was perfor
 med at iThemba LABS. The previous level scheme of 193Tl was modified and e
 xtended. Spin and parity were assigned to most of the levels. Three negati
 ve parity bands\nshowing similar properties were identified. These bands w
 ere associated with the same configuration which is suitable for chiral sy
 mmetry. The observed near-degeneracy is good and indicates the presence of
  chiral symmetry. Furthermore\, two bands that could form a chiral pair we
 re observed at higher spins. The results from theoretical calculations usi
 ng the Cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky (CNS) codes and the multi-particle-plus-
 triaxial rotor (MPR) model of Carlsson and Ragnarsson are in agreement wit
 h the proposed observation of chiral symmetry. Possible multiplet of chira
 l systems will be discussed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contri
 butions/6562/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6562/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Feasibility study of acquiring a photovoltaic system at Tshwane Un
 iversity of Technology\, Arcadia Campus
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6564@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nicolas Thantsha (Tshwane University of Technology)\
 nPower system across the world is in transition from centralized to distri
 buted systems. In South Africa\, the life time cost of residential and com
 mercial Photovoltaic (PV) systems is less than the country’s grid power 
 today. In this study\, therefore\, the feasibility of acquiring a PV asset
  at Tshwane University of Technology (TUT) Arcadia campus was conducted.  
 For this\, the assessment of the energy consumption of a building as well 
 as the solar potential was done by using PVsyst commercial software. The a
 nticipated energy generation\, return on investment\, and benefits of usin
 g solar energy was determined.  A summary of the impact of integrating PV 
 system into campus grid will be presented.  The spin-off of this exercise 
 will be the stimulation of the PV research and development at the institut
 ion. It is anticipated that the facility will be used for future training 
 of students to assist the growing PV industry in South Africa.\n\nhttps://
 events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6564/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6564/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:PV device technology
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T090000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T094000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6565@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Frederik Vorster (NMMU)\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/
 event/91/contributions/6565/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A204
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6565/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Solar Resource
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6566@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Riaan Meyer (GeoSUN)\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/eve
 nt/91/contributions/6566/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A204
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6566/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Long-Term Performance Assurance Strategies for Photovoltaic Module
 s Deployed in South Africa
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6567@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Frederik Vorster (NMMU)\nSouth Africa has experience
 d an unprecedented growth in the deployment of photovoltaic (PV) systems d
 uring the last ten years. This growth can partly be attributed to the pros
 pect of producing electricity cheaper than the local (municipality) or nat
 ional (ESKOM) electricity utility supplier\, thus providing a good investm
 ent vehicle for sustained high capital growth. This favourable scenario is
  however only possible if the photovoltaic system performs as predicted ov
 er the life-span of the system.\nThis presentation will describe\, discuss
  and highlight the importance of the quality of PV modules and the importa
 nt role that various module tests can play to reduce the risks associated 
 with investments in PV systems. The various pv module tests can be divided
  into post-manufacturing\, pre- deployment\, post deployment and periodic 
 testing during the operational lifetime of the module. The results from so
 me of these tests will be presented and discussed to illustrate their impo
 rtant benefits.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6567/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6567/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Stepping into the ligth with High Power Laser and Brilliant Gamma 
 beams at ELI-NP
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T180000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6568@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sydney Gales (ELI)\nLaser intensities have increased
  by 6 orders of magnitude in the last few years. These are now so large th
 at the laws of optics change in fundamental ways\, thus opening up the new
  field called relativistic optics. The development of high power lasers an
 d the combination of such novel devices with accelerator technology has en
 larged the science reach of many research fields\, in particular particle 
 and nuclear physics\, astrophysics as well as societal applications in mat
 erial science\, nuclear energy and applications from cultural heritage to 
 biology\, medicine\, and space . \nThe European Strategic Forum for Resear
 ch Infrastructures has selected a proposal based on these new premises cal
 led the Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI). One important aspect of ELI is
  the possibility to produce ultra-short pulses of high energy photons\, el
 ectrons\, protons\, neutrons\, muons\, and neutrinos. In this time-domain 
 (femto to attoseconds\, 10-15s and below) experimental studies will allow 
 unravelling the dynamics in atomic\, molecular physics\, plasma and sub-nu
 clear physics.\nThe ELI will be built as a network of three pillars in Hun
 gary\, Czech Republic and Romania at the frontier of laser technologies. T
 he ELI-NP pillar (NP for nuclear physics) is under construction near Bucha
 rest (Romania) and will develop a scientific program using two 10 PW laser
 s and a Compton back-scattering high-brilliance and intense low-energy gam
 ma beam. This unique combination of beams worldwide allows us to develop a
 n experimental program at the frontiers of present-day knowledge as well a
 s society driven applications. In particular ELI-NP particle acceleration 
 experiments will explore unchartered territory of high power femtosecond l
 aser (HPL) interaction with matter\, like for Table-Top Laser-based source
  of femtosecond\, collimated\, ultrarelativistic electrons beams\, and hig
 h energy of ions and neutron beams.\nIn the present paper\, after an intro
 duction to high power laser science and of its development worlwide\, we w
 ill describe the present status the implementation of the ELI-NP facility 
 as well as the new perspectives in Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics and th
 eir applications. We will illustrate through specific examples the impact 
 of this emerging science on the some hot societal issues (health\, energy)
  and on the economical and educational potential of this Large Scale Facil
 ity in the host country.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributi
 ons/6568/
LOCATION:Engineering building 51 A107
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6568/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:PV Penetration (worldwide and SA) and RE IPPP status
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T072000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T080000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6569@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kittessa Roro (NLC-CSIR)\nhttps://events.saip.org.za
 /event/91/contributions/6569/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A204
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6569/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The European Spallation Source – 21st century possibilities for 
 science using neutrons
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T141000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6570@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Andreas Schreyer (European Spallation Source ESS ERI
 C)\nThe European Spallation Source will be the world leading neutron sourc
 e enabling new science\, which was not possible so far. After a short summ
 ary of the design and the specifications of the ESS an overview of the cur
 rent status and schedule of the ESS construction project will be given wit
 h a strong focus on the instruments and the surrounding scientific infrast
 ructure. The overall goal of ESS is to begin user operation with 8 instrum
 ents in 2023. The plan is to reach the full scope of 22 public instruments
  by 2028. ESS will cover a very broad spectrum of science and is designed 
 to push the limits of neutron methods to new horizons. Examples of new sci
 entific opportunities will be discussed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/eve
 nt/91/contributions/6570/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A107
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6570/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:FAIR - The Universe in the Laboratory
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T070000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T080000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6571@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Karlheinz Langanke (GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwer
 ionenforschung and Facility for Antiproton and Ion research)\nFAIR will be
  the next-generation facility for fundamental and applied research with an
 tiprotons and ion beams. It will provide world-unique accelerator and expe
 rimental facilities\, allowing for a great variety of unprecedented forefr
 ont research in physics and applied sciences. FAIR is an international pro
 ject with 10 partner countries and more than 2500 scientists and engineers
  from more than 50 countries involved in the planning and construction of 
 the accelerators and associated experiments.\n\nFAIR research focuses on t
 he structure and evolution of matter on both a microscopic and a cosmic sc
 ale\, bringing our Universe into one laboratory.\nIn particular\, FAIR wit
 h its four scientific pillars will expand the knowledge in various scienti
 fic fields beyond current frontiers\, addressing the following:\n\n- The p
 roperties of the strong force and its role in shaping the basic building b
 locks of the visible world around us and in the evolution of the universe\
 ;\n\n- Test of symmetries and predictions of the Standard Models\, as well
  as the search for physics beyond it\;\n\n- The properties of matter under
  extreme conditions\, at both the subatomic and the macroscopic scale of m
 atter\; and\n\n- Applications of high-intensity\, high quality beams in re
 search areas that provide the basis for\, or indirectly address\, issues o
 f applied sciences and technology.\n\nIn particular FAIR will open a new e
 ra in nuclear astrophysics.\n\nThe talk will introduce FAIR and its unique
  scientific opportunities.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contribu
 tions/6571/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A107
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6571/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Magnetic Imaging with Optically-Pumped Magnetometers
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T070000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T080000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6572@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Svenja A. Knappe (University of Colorado - Boulder)\
 nSeveral miniaturized Quantum Sensors use laser spectroscopy of atoms to a
 chieve very good performance. Optically-Pumped magnetometers (OPMs)\, also
  called atomic magnetometers\, use light to polarize atomic spins of atoms
 . The spins precess in a magnetic field and the precession frequency is a 
 measure of the magnetic field. Our effort focusses on miniaturizing these 
 OPMs with sensitivities approaching those of superconducting quantum inter
 ference device (SQUID) magnetometers. These magnetometers are used for mag
 netic imaging applications in applications ranging from biomagnetic imagin
 g of the heart and brain\, to geophysical imaging and magnetic anomaly det
 ection.\n\nThe highest sensitivities are required in magnetoencephalograph
 y (MEG)\, where the magnetic fields are recorded with a sensor array arran
 ged around the head of a subject. It allows to image the neural activity i
 nside the head with high spatial and temporal resolution. Sensor designs a
 nd performance will be presented as well as their characterization in seve
 ral applications.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/657
 2/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A107
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6572/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Intercalated carbon materials at extreme conditions
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T101000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T111000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6573@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Vittoria Pischedda (ILM)\nThe high pressure and high
  temperature phase diagrams of intercalated carbon materials offer novel a
 pproaches for the engineering of new carbon functional materials. In this 
 talk I will explore the structural\, electronic\, and vibrational properti
 es of intercalated 2D fullerites and graphites when submitted to severe hi
 gh pressure conditions. In graphite and fullerites\, the graphene layers o
 r the fullerenes molecules are held together in the crystal structure by t
 he weak van der Waals forces and intercalation is easy due to the low ener
 gies involved. The guest-host charge transfer which may occur\, results in
  profound modifications of the physico-chemical properties of the host. Ap
 plying external pressure to these materials provokes the contraction of bo
 nd lengths\, leading to drastic changes such as sp2-sp3 C transitions\, an
 isotropic and isotropic deformation\, and insulator-metallic transformatio
 ns. When the energetic landscape is favorable\, the metastabilization of n
 ew forms of carbon allotropes at ambient conditions can occur.\n\nhttps://
 events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6573/
LOCATION:Engineering building 51 A107
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6573/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Photonic Crystals
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T070000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T080000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6574@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Solomon Assefa (IBM Research Lab Africa)\nTBA\n\nhtt
 ps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6574/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A107
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6574/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Gamma-Ray Strength Function in <sup>74</sup>Ge from the Ratio Meth
 od
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T122000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6575@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Khanyisa Sowazi (University of the Western Cape)\nAn
  increasing number of experiments reveal the presence of a low-energy enha
 ncement in the gamma-ray strength function (GSF). The GSF\, which is the a
 bility of nuclei to absorb and emit &gamma rays\, provides insight into th
 e statistical properties of atomic nuclei. For this project the GSF was st
 udied for 74Ge which was populated in the reaction 74Ge(p\,p’)74Ge at a 
 beam energy of 18MeV. The data were collected with the STARS-LIBERACE arra
 y at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Silicon detector telescopes we
 re used for particle identification and &gamma -rays in coincidence were d
 etected with 5 Clover-type high-purity germanium detectors. Through the an
 alysis particle- &gamma - &gamma coincidence events were constructed. Thes
 e events\, together with well-known energy levels\, were used to identify 
 primary &gamma rays from the quasicontinuum. Primary &gamma-rays from a br
 oad excitation energy region\, which decay to two 0+ states\, six 2+ state
 s\, two 3+ states\, five 3- states\, and four 4+ states\, could be identif
 ied. These states and the associated primary &gamma -rays are used to meas
 ure the GSF for 74Ge with the Ratio Method [1]\, which entails taking rati
 os of efficiency corrected primary &gamma-ray intensities from the quasico
 ntinuum. I will discuss the results from the analysis of the data from the
  above reaction and focus on the existence of the low-energy enhancement i
 n 74Ge. The results are further discussed in the context of other work don
 e in 74Ge using the (&gamma\,&gamma’) [2]\, (3He\,3He’) [3] and (&alph
 a\,&alpha’) [4] reactions.\n\n[1] M. Wiedeking et al.\, Physical Review 
 Letters 108\, 162503 (2012)\n[2] R. Massarczyk et al.\, Physical Review C 
 92\, 044309 (2015)\n[3] T. Renstrøm et al.\, Physical Review C 93\, 06430
 2 (2016)\n[4] D. Negi et al.\, Physical Review C 94\, 024332 (2016)\n\nhtt
 ps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6575/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6575/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Density functional theory study of Ti <sub>n</sub> (n = 2-32) clus
 ters: Lowest energy configurations and electronic properties.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6576@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tshegofatso Michael Phaahla (University of Limpopo)\
 nThe geometrical structures and electronic properties of transition metal 
 clusters have been extensively studied during the past decades. However\, 
 theoretical investigations on titanium metal clusters have not been carrie
 d out systematically up to the larger clusters. In this study\, density fu
 nction theory (DFT) calculations have been performed to investigate the lo
 west energy structures and electronic properties of Tin (n = 2-32) cluster
 s using PBE-Sol spin-unpolarized exchange correlation functional. Most of 
 the previous studies revealed the distorted icosahedral and pentagonal bip
 yramid geometry as the most stable clusters among the other clusters. Neve
 rtheless\, this study predicted that Ti clusters follow the pentagonal beh
 aviour. Triangular bi-pyramid Ti5 with (D3h) symmetry and pentagonal bi-py
 ramid Ti7 with (D5h) symmetry were found to be the most stable clusters co
 mpared to their neighbours.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contrib
 utions/6576/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6576/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Determining the orientation of a radiating dipole through fluoresc
 ence microscopy
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T122000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6577@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ratsimandresy Holinirina Dina Miora (Laser Research 
 Institute\, Sellenbosch University)\nFluorescence microscopy is an imaging
  technique capable of resolving very tiny objects which are not within the
  resolution range of the normal eye. This technique uses the fluorescence 
 properties of the object in order to get direct knowledge of the particle 
 object and indirect knowledge of the substance in which the object is embe
 dded [1]. In our work\, a fluorophore is used as a probe object within a t
 hin polymer layer. The emission from the fluorophore is imaged in a 4f-typ
 e imaging geometry onto a sensitive sCMOS camera. In order to determine th
 e orientation\, a particular phase pattern is loaded onto a spatial light 
 modulator placed at the Fourier plane of the 4f imaging geometry [2].  A g
 iven phase pattern enables us to shape the initial electric field into a d
 ifferent one at the image plane. Information about the radiating dipole is
  then deduced from the intensity pattern of the shaped field. It consists 
 of the orientation and the depth of the emitter\, where the orientation is
  given by the azimuthal and polar angle. Application of this method is wid
 ely expanded in biological sciences [3].\n\nReferences\n[1]    Backlund MP
 \, Lew MD\, Backer AS\, Sahl SJ\, Grover G\, Agrawal A\, Piestun R\, Moern
 er WE. Simultaneous\, accurate measurement of the 3D position and orientat
 ion of single molecules. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 
 2012 Nov 20\;109(47):19087-92. \n[2]    Pavani SR\, Thompson MA\, Biteen J
 S\, Lord SJ\, Liu N\, Twieg RJ\, Piestun R\, Moerner WE. Three-dimensional
 \, single-molecule fluorescence imaging beyond the diffraction limit by us
 ing a double-helix point spread function. Proceedings of the National Acad
 emy of Sciences. 2009 Mar 3\;106(9):2995-9.\n[3]    Backer AS\, Moerner WE
 . Extending single-molecule microscopy using optical Fourier processing. T
 he Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 2014 May 12\;118(28):8313-29.\n\nhttps
 ://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6577/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6577/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Structure formation with causal bulk viscosity
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T101000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T103000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6595@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Anslyn John (Rhodes University)\nThe inclusion of di
 ssipative effects in cosmic fluids modifies their clustering properties an
 d could have observable effects on the formation of large-scale structures
 . We analyze the evolution of density perturbations of cold dark matter en
 dowed with causal bulk viscosity. The perturbative analysis is carried out
  in the Newtonian approximation and the bulk viscosity is described by the
  causal Israel-Stewart (IS) theory. In contrast to the noncausal Eckart th
 eory\, we obtain a third-order evolution equation for the density contrast
  that depends on three free parameters. For certain parameter values\, the
  density contrast and growth factor in IS mimic their behavior in ΛCDM wh
 en z≥1. Interestingly\, and contrary to intuition\, certain sets of para
 meters lead to an increase of the clustering.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.z
 a/event/91/contributions/6595/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6595/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Double Helix Point Spread Function\, A fluorescence microscopy tec
 hnique
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6578@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ratsimandresy Holinirina Dina Miora (Laser Research 
 Institute\, Stellenbosch University)\nA fluorescence microscopy is an esse
 ntial tool in the life sciences. In particular\, it can be used for tracki
 ng a single molecule in a living cell or organic substance such as a polym
 er. Single molecule trajectory analysis allows an efficient method to expl
 ore intermolecular dynamics. Introduction of a technique named double heli
 x point spread function enables accurate localization and orientation dete
 rmination of a single fluorescent molecule in three dimensions [1].  It co
 nsists of changing the phase of the electric field of the emitter in order
  to make the intensity pattern sensitive to position and orientation [2]. 
 The method uses optical Fourier processing through a 4f imaging system and
  a modelled phase loaded onto a spatial light modulator placed on the Four
 ier plane of the 4f imaging pathway [3]. The intensity pattern is changed 
 from the conventional point spread function to a double helix point spread
  function. In this work\, we introduce the phase mask in order to get a do
 uble helix point spread function then show results for its usefulness in f
 luorescence microscopy.\n\nReferences\n[1]    Pavani SR\, Thompson MA\, Bi
 teen JS\, Lord SJ\, Liu N\, Twieg RJ\, Piestun R\, Moerner WE. Three-dimen
 sional\, single-molecule fluorescence imaging beyond the diffraction limit
  by using a double-helix point spread function. Proceedings of the Nationa
 l Academy of Sciences. 2009 Mar 3\;106(9):2995-9.\n[2]    Roider C\, Jesac
 her A\, Bernet S\, Ritsch-Marte M. Axial super-localisation using rotating
  point spread functions shaped by polarisation-dependent phase modulation.
  Optics express. 2014 Feb 24\;22(4):4029-37.\n[3]    Backer AS\, Moerner W
 E. Extending single-molecule microscopy using optical Fourier processing. 
 The Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 2014 May 12\;118(28):8313-29.\n\nhttp
 s://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6578/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6578/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Physics in isiZulu: how far should we go?
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T082000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6579@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Derek Fish (University of Zululand)\nThe language of
  physics instruction has long been an important and controversial topic 
 – especially in South Africa. The author considered this issue in the re
 finement of a science show presented at Unizulu Science Centre. The show u
 ses music and musical instruments to introduce students to topics around s
 ound and waves. In previous presentations at SAIP conference\, the author 
 has reported on an extensive study of this show (conducted towards a maste
 rs degree) which measured what students learnt from the show and which rev
 ealed difficulties for students coming from rural schools when contrasted 
 with those from urban and township schools. As an extension to this study 
 (conducted towards a doctoral degree) the show was presented to the weaker
  rural group in isiZulu\, while the survey instruments used were kept in E
 nglish. Significant gains in student confidence and learning were measured
 \, compared with that previously achieved by similar rural groups. While p
 erformed in the context of science shows in science centres\, this study n
 evertheless has relevance to all educational interventions in physics. Wha
 tever the challenges\, it may be argued that mother-tongue instruction is 
 preferable wherever possible for maximising student understanding and enga
 gement. The implications of these findings for presenting further Physics 
 courses in isiZulu will be outlined for discussion.\n\nhttps://events.saip
 .org.za/event/91/contributions/6579/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6579/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Numerical Modelling of experiments performed at the OPAL research 
 reactor
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6580@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Rotondwa Mudau (Necsa)\nThe IAEA is currently admini
 stering an international Coordinated Research Project (CRP)\, the main pur
 pose of which is to develop a set of research reactor benchmarks for the v
 erification and validation of computational codes. The focus of the CRP in
  particular is the modelling of multi-cycle depletion. Necsa has recently 
 developed a new calculational framework for performing nuclear reactor cor
 e calculations\, which integrates both the stochastic and deterministic mo
 deling methods in a consistent manner. In this work\, the system is applie
 d to the OPAL benchmark problem.\n \nThe OPAL reactor is a modern research
  reactor with challenging aspects in neutronic design. In particular\, the
  use of burnable poisons and a heavy water reflector poses modeling challe
 nges. Analysis conducted on this benchmark includes control rod calibratio
 n experiments as well as the simulation of seven actual operating cycles.\
 n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6580/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6580/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Determination of the optical behaviour of an explosive charge duri
 ng detonation in an open air environment
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6581@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nomahlubi Thunyiswa (CSIR)\nCurrent military operati
 ons occur in built up areas and contains high level of uncertainties due t
 o the uses of improvised explosive devices (IEDs). Because of the current 
 operational theatre and the uncertainties of IEDs\, military vehicles have
  to achieve high level of mobility without compromising the required prote
 ctions against these threats. One approach to deal with the conflicting re
 quirements between adequate protection and high mobility is to employ dete
 ction systems which can aid with avoidance protection or interception of t
 hreats. To optimise the effectiveness of the detection system employed for
  the interception concepts such as active blast protection system\, knowle
 dge about the emissions from the explosion processes following detonation 
 is required so that adequate mitigation system can be employed.\nThe under
 taken study focuses on using the light emissions emanating from an explosi
 on of high explosives to understand the origin of the detected optical sig
 nature. Preliminary analysis of optical data obtained during previous expl
 osives tests at the CSIR’s explosives test range is presented. Optical d
 etector- filter combination of wavelengths ranging from 0.254 µm to 12.2 
 µm was used to select study light emissions of wavelengths of interest.  
 From the analysis\, distinct optical maxima are observed which varies from
  Ultraviolent (UV) to the Infrared (IR).  The UV optical profile contains 
 sharp optical peaks which last for less than a few microseconds while the 
 IR show a slow rising light signal in the millisecond region. The next tas
 k is to use light signature to understand and be able to explain what may 
 have caused the signals captured at certain region of the spectrum\, the o
 rigin of the relationship between amplitude maxima and wavelength.\n\nhttp
 s://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6581/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6581/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:On the  reduction of  drift  coefficients  in the  presence  of  t
 urbulence
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6582@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nicholas Eugene Engelbrecht (Center for Space Resear
 ch\, North West University)\nDrift effects have long been known to play a 
 significant role in the transport of charged particles in the heliosphere.
  A turbulent magnetic field is also known to reduce the effects of particl
 e drifts. The exact nature of this reduction is\, however\, unclear. This 
 study aims to provide some insightinto this reduction\, and proposes a rel
 atively simple\, tractable means of modelling it that provides results in 
 reasonable agreement with extant numerical simulations of the drift coeffi
 cient in a turbulent magnetic field. Furthermore\, we investigate the poss
 ible spatial dependences of this new turbulence-reduced drift coefficient 
 in the heliosphere using the results of a turbulence transport model as in
 puts\, along with comparisons with turbulence-reduced drift coefficients p
 roposed in previous studies.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contri
 butions/6582/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6582/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:How do undergraduate students respond to early research?
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T105000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T111000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6583@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sondezi Buyi (University of Johannesburg)\nInstituti
 ons of higher learning particularly at the undergraduate level are driven 
 by strategies used in teaching and learning. Students tend to attribute th
 eir performance to the teaching methods used in academic terms. It is this
  measuring tool they use to determine their learning. In the academic envi
 ronment where the focus is to get an increased number of students who’ll
  enrol for postgraduate degrees\, methods of attracting students to stay l
 onger in the system are sought out timely. In the field of Science especia
 lly in Physics department\, where student numbers at postgraduate level ar
 e normally low\, new and innovative methods are necessary to attract and r
 etain students in the system. A study has been conducted where students at
  the undergraduate level were introduced to the research environment\, whe
 re the work they were exposed to is highly experimental. At the end of the
  period\, students were required to report back on their experiences. The 
 second part of the study involved the analysis of scientific data obtained
  from our research lab where students had to do literature search\, which 
 also forced them to consult respective postgraduate students. In this repo
 rt the responses and observations obtained from the students are reported.
 \n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6583/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6583/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Structural evolution of tin catalyst heated during x-ray photoelec
 tron spectroscopy
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T082000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6584@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Fortunate Mofao Modiba (NMISA\,UWC)\nThe attractive 
 optical\, electrical and mechanical properties of silicon nanowires (SiNWs
 ) are promising for applications within photovoltaic devices. The diameter
  and length of the SiNWs is crucial in the solar cell application and can 
 be controlled by the metal catalyst nanoparticles size. Due to its lower S
 i eutectic temperature\, tin (Sn) has been identified as a suitable\, lowe
 r cost alternative to gold (Au) as metal a catalyst employed to synthesize
  SiNWs. In this contribution\, we report on the changes within the microst
 ructure and the chemical bonding environment of a 3 nm Sn thin film heated
  to different temperatures within an x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS
 ) system. The thermally evaporated 3 nm Sn thin film on the Si (100) subst
 rate was heated to temperatures of 180\, 232\, 350 and 450 °C on the XPS 
 sample stage. The XPS analysis reveals the presence of metallic Sn and its
  oxides (SnOx) at room temperature. The carbon (C) peak was also observed\
 , decreasing as the temperatures increases (above 232 °C) leading to expo
 sure of Sn film. At 350 °C\, the exposure of the Si substrate was detecte
 d which can be due Sn content decreases thorough Sn nanoparticle formation
  or evaporation or infusion. The surface composition and morphology of the
  heated Sn films displayed an increase in oxidation\, particle size and Si
 \, correlating with the XPS results. The increase in the oxidation state o
 f Sn at elevated temperature higher than Si-Sn eutectic (232 °C)will have
  implications on the subsequence SiNWs synthesis.\n\nhttps://events.saip.o
 rg.za/event/91/contributions/6584/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6584/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Characterisation of radon in Karoo Basin groundwater prior to shal
 e gas exploration
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T122000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6585@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Botha Ryno (University of the Western Cape and Stell
 enbosch University)\nThe prospect of unconventional shale-gas development 
 in the Karoo Basin (South Africa) has created the prerequisite to obtainin
 g baseline data on natural radioactivity in Karoo groundwaters. The key na
 tural occurring radioactive material (NORM) studied was radon (222Rn) in-w
 ater activity concentrations\; however\, supplementary radium (226Ra and 2
 28Ra) in-water activity concentrations and uranium (238U) in-water concent
 rations measurements were also included. A total of 53 sites across three 
 provinces were sampled for groundwater and measured in the Karoo Basin\, w
 ith three measurement series from 2014 to 2016. The groundwater was catego
 rized as either shallow\, mixed\, or deep sources. The radon in-water base
 line of the Karoo Basin can be characterised by a minimum of 0.6 ± 0.9 Bq
 /L\, a maximum of 183 ± 18 Bq/L and mean of 41 ± 5  Bq/L. The radon in-w
 ater levels from shallow sources (< 20 °C) were systematically higher (40
  Bq/L) than for deep sources (> 20 °C). The natural fluctuations in radon
  in-water levels were predominantly associated with shallow sources compar
 ed to almost none observed in the deep sources. The uranium in-water basel
 ine can be characterised by a minimum of below detection level\, a maximum
  of 41 µg/L\, and a collective mean of 5.1 ± 0.80 µg/L. Similar to rado
 n in-water levels\, uranium in-water levels from shallow sources were syst
 ematically higher than in deep sources. The limited (six sites) radium (22
 8Ra and 226Ra) in-water activity-concentration measurement results were ve
 ry low\, with a maximum of 0.015 Bq/L (228Ra). The 228Ra/226Ra ratio basel
 ine can be characterised by a minimum of 0.93\, a mean of 3.26 ± 1.33\, a
 nd a maximum of 6.49. The radium isotopes activity concentrations ratio is
  an isotopic tracer for shale gas and hydraulic fracturing fluids. Polluti
 on and contamination (radiological)\, due to unconventional shale gas deve
 lopment\, in water resources has been noticed in the Marcellus Basin (Unit
 ed States). Consequently\, developing and improving continuous radiologica
 l baseline systems are of importance to study the environmental effect of 
 hydraulic fracturing.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions
 /6585/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6585/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Structure and Phase Stability Study of Nickel Doped Spinel LiMn<su
 b>2</sub> O<sub>4</sub> using Cluster Expansion Method
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6586@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Rapela Maphanga (University of Limpopo)\, kemeridge 
 Tumelo Malatji (University of Limpopo)\nThe demand for lithium-ion batteri
 es with higher specific energy and higher power capacity for application i
 n electric vehicles and portable electronics has led to a search for elect
 rode materials with much higher electrochemical performance than conventio
 nal materials. Spinel LiMn2 O4 is a low-cost\, environmentally friendly\, 
 and highly abundant material and is used as a cathode material in Li-ion b
 atteries. However\, lithium manganese oxide (LMO) suffers from limited cyc
 le life that is triggered by manganese dissolution into the electrolyte du
 ring electrochemical cycling. Doping in battery materials tends to improve
  the efficiency in maintaining electrochemical capacity over a large numbe
 r of cycles without sacrificing initial reversible capacity at room temper
 ature. In this paper\, Universal Cluster Expansion (UNCLE) code implemente
 d in cluster expansion formalism is used to investigate nickel doped LMO p
 hase stabilities. The method determines stable multi-component crystal str
 uctures and rank metastable structures by enthalpy of formation\, while ma
 intaining the predictive power and accuracy of first-principles density fu
 nctional methods. Complex configurations of nickel doped LMO systems with 
 various concentrations are determined at different temperatures by means o
 f Monte Carlo random sampling.  The ground state phase diagram generated v
 arious structures with different concentrations and symmetries. The findin
 gs predict that nickel doped LMO with 50:50 concentration of manganese and
  nickel is the most stable phase.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/c
 ontributions/6586/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6586/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Short-Term Stability of RF Clock Signal Distribution System Over D
 ifferent Optical Fibres
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T082000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6594@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Phumla Dlamini (Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Universi
 ty)\nAbstract: The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) and MeerKAT telescope netw
 orks rely on highly stable and precise Radio Frequency (RF) clock tone use
 d as timing and synchronization signals transmitted over optical fibre fro
 m a central point to remote antennas. The distribution system of an RF clo
 ck signal over optical fibre occurs in stages: optical clock signal genera
 tion\, transfer over optical fibre\, receiving of optical signal and conve
 rsion to electrical signal\; ensuring the signal maintains a certain level
  of frequency stability for successful operation of the telescope. This is
  problematic as there is phase deviation introduced as the signal propagat
 es along the optical fibre associated with a change in time delay resultin
 g in a decrease of frequency stability. The phase fluctuation is due to in
 tensity noise\, optical fibre loss and chromatic dispersion that is associ
 ated with carrier wavelength\, transfer distance\, and the coefficient of 
 chromatic dispersion respectively. In this work\, the received power depen
 dent short-term instability induced on RF clock signal during transmission
  of different optical fibre types was measured and analysed in the frequen
 cy domain. The RF clock tone phase noise at 10 kHz offset frequency was me
 asured as – 108.13 dBc/Hz. Upon transmission over a 22.3 km cabled G.652
 .C optical fibre and a 23.8 km G.655 spool the phase noise at 10 kHz offse
 t frequency increased to – 105.35 dBc/Hz and – 103.00 dBc/Hz\, respect
 ively.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6594/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6594/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Jitter Analysis of Pulse-Per-Second Timing Signals Transmitted ove
 r Optical Fibre Networks
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6587@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: KAGISO J LEBURU (NELSON MANDELA METROPOLITAN UNIVERS
 ITY)\nThe telescope networks rely on high frequency clock tones to be dist
 ributed to each antenna for driving the digitizers\, time stamping the dat
 a\, and for monitoring and control functions. Stringent timing signals als
 o find use in organisations like Square Kilometre Array\, National Metrolo
 gy Institute of South Africa\, Coordinated Universal Time and Global Posit
 ioning System\; as well as in areas of financial systems\, telecommunicati
 ons\, transport\, military\, etc. However\, clocks suffer from time deviat
 ion from the true periodicity\, known as jitter. Jitter is contributed by 
 noise\, thermal effects\, aging\, etc. It can be either random or determin
 istic. In this study we analyse the jitter contributed by transmission of 
 pulse-per-second (PPS) timing signals over typical optical fibre networks.
  The PPS timing signals were transmitted in G.652 Optical fibre of 3.21 km
 . The 1310 nm Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser\, biased at 4.79 mA\,
  was modulated using PPS signals. The overall jitter contribution from the
  optical fibre transmission was found to be 0.202 femtoseconds. This means
  that the PPS signals’ periodicity deviates by this value\, and may caus
 e signal delays in communication and timing systems. However\, this value 
 agrees within the typical acceptable jitter ranges of pico- to femtosecond
 s. For stringent timing applications\, jitter correction mechanisms may be
  required to effectively compensate for the jittery in such systems.\nKeyw
 ords: Timing signals\, PPS\, Jitter\, Optical fibre networks\n\nhttps://ev
 ents.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6587/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6587/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Bottomonia Suppression in Heavy Ion Collisions from AdS/CFT
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T132000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T134000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6588@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nadia Barnard (University of Cape Town)\nWe compute 
 for the first time the suppression of bottomonia in a strongly-coupled QGP
  and compare the results to those from a weakly-coupled QGP.  Using imagin
 ary time techniques we numerically determine the real and imaginary parts 
 of the binding energy of the bottomonia in a potential computed from AdS/C
 FT and one from pQCD.  We then use these binding energies in a suppression
  model to determine the Y(1S) and Y(2S) nuclear modification factors and t
 heir double ratio.  Most important\, we investigate the consequences of th
 e different velocity dependencies of these potential models on the bottomo
 nia RAA(pT).\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6588/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6588/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The University of the Western Cape Department of Physics and Astro
 nomy natural science and physical science teacher development and training
  program
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6589@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mark Herbert (University of the Western Cape)\nThe T
 eacher Development and Training Program for senior phase natural science a
 nd physical science teachers is an initiative of the University of the Wes
 tern Cape Physics and Astronomy Department. The program aims to increase s
 tudent retention\, throughput and success in natural and physical science 
 at high school\, by developing senior phase natural and physical science t
 eachers\, physics content knowledge and pedagogical skills to deliver firs
 t rate physics teaching and learning. This paper reports on the University
  of the Western Cape Physics and Astronomy Department natural science and 
 physical science teachers’ Development and training program. An overview
  of the program will be presented.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/
 contributions/6589/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6589/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:mK-Scale Cooling of Nanoelectronic Devices in South Africa
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6590@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Samuel Wolski (University of Cape Town)\nThe Nanoele
 ctronics Laboratory at the University of Cape Town has recently obtained t
 he first sets of results from the new ultracold helium dilution fridge. Fi
 rst\, the general working principles of the dilution fridge are discussed\
 , including the mechanisms which enable the cooling of samples to temperat
 ures of around 6mK. Following this\, the first set of measurements in Afri
 ca of the Quantum Hall Effect (QHE) in a 2-Dimensional Electron Gas (2DEG)
  system are presented. The QHE is a fundamental measurement in the study o
 f low-temperature condensed-matter systems\, and is of particular importan
 ce in metrology as the basis for the international resistivity standard. T
 he theory of 2DEG systems is also discussed\, along with the relevance of 
 experimental results in advancing the theoretical framework. Finally\, pre
 liminary results from and outlines for future experiments with more advanc
 ed nanoscale devices are presented and analyzed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.or
 g.za/event/91/contributions/6590/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6590/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Fluctuations in the Extragalactic Background Light and its Effects
  on the Hard Gamma Ray Spectrum
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T122000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6592@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ayman Kudoda (University of the Witwatersrand)\nThe 
 interaction of Extragalactic Background Light (EBL) photons and gamma-rays
  from distant quasars results in the attenuation of the high energy tail o
 f the gamma-ray spectrum. The attenuation depends on the EBL photon densit
 y. Clustering of galaxies on a scale of up to 100 Mpc causes fluctuations 
 in the EBL photon density. We present an analytical model of the EBL fluct
 uations and discuss its effects on the hard gamma-ray spectra.\n\nhttps://
 events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6592/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6592/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Investigating the dynamic flow within tumbling mills.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T105000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T111000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6593@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Graham Daniels (Necsa)\nTumbling mills are an import
 ant part of mineral processing systems\, which makes use of the comminutio
 n process to break down  a large body into smaller pieces by crushing and 
 grinding. The shape and flow of the internal bulk is important in understa
 nding the effectiveness of the comminution process. In this investigation 
 we make use of the technique of fast neutron radiography\, at the PTB cycl
 otron in Braunschweig\, to examine the behaviour of the bulk within a tumb
 ling mill having internal mixes of steel\, wood and plastic pellets. The l
 ayering and shapes of the bulk are observed via radiography\, this used to
  infer the motion\, density distribution and effective mixing of the bulk 
 which impacts the comminution process.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event
 /91/contributions/6593/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6593/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:An investigation of students’ approaches in solving kinematic pr
 oblems using linear equations of motion
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6596@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sinovuyo Tanci (University Western Cape)\nThe presen
 tation reports on a study investigating students’ approaches in solving 
 kinematic problems in the first year mainstream mechanics module\, PHY111\
 , in the Department of Physics at the University of the Western Cape. The 
 module PHY111 focuses on explicit problem solving approach cognition and p
 edagogy. Pedagogy  encourages students to actively participate through coo
 perative learning in class. It also engages students to model the problem 
 and understand the physics concepts involved. The study investigated the t
 ype of problem solvers first year physics students are as well as the infl
 uence which the explicit problem solving approach of the PHY111 module had
  on their approaches in solving kinematic problems. This process was done 
 by profiling students’ problem solving approaches using pre-and post- su
 rveys. An overview of the module PHY111 explicit problem approach in solvi
 ng kinematic problems using linear equations of motion  will be given in t
 his presentation as well as the findings of the surveys.\n\nhttps://events
 .saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6596/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6596/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Future spacecraft missions to the Sun
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6597@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ruhann Steyn (North-West University)\nSolar energeti
 c particles (SEPs) have aided our understanding of the structure of the Su
 n and the heliosphere between the Sun and the Earth on a more fundamental 
 level. Historically\, SEP events have been classified as either 'impulsive
 ' or 'gradual' with solar flares and jets associated with the former and c
 oronal mass ejections (CMEs) with the latter. Recently\, this classificati
 on system has been challenged with an increasing number of in situ and rem
 ote sensing observations from several solar-orientated spacecraft. In this
  study\, we investigate new scientific questions in light of the planned l
 aunch of the Solar Orbiter and Solar Probe spacecraft developed by the ESA
  and NASA\, respectively.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contribut
 ions/6597/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6597/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Analysis and Performance of a closed loop external cavity diode la
 ser control system
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6598@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Victory Opeolu (Cape Peninsula University of Technol
 ogy)\nExternal cavity diode lasers (ECDL) are commonly used these days in 
 laser cooling experiments involving Rubidium atoms. By adjusting the cavit
 y length as well as the diode current the laser frequency can be finely tu
 ned. The ECDL is locked to the appropriate Rubidium transition using a sat
 uration absorption set together with a proportional-integral-derivative (P
 ID) controller to control the cavity length and diode current. In this pre
 sentation we report on the analysis and  performance of the closed loop co
 ntrol system using theoretical and numerically modelling\, together with v
 alidation using experimental data.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/
 contributions/6598/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6598/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Investigating the effects of Cobalt keV ion implantation on optica
 l and magnetic properties of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) thin films on flexible
  PET substrates
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T101000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T103000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6599@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Olakunle Oluwaleye (University of South Africa)\nTra
 nsparent conducting oxide (TCO) thin films exhibit co-existence of electro
 nic conductivity and transparency. These unique properties enable TCOs to 
 be applicable in optoelectronic and other nanodevices. Indium Tin Oxide (I
 TO) based TCO thin films have been used extensively in many applications\,
  such as solar cells [1]. In particular\, ITO has been a choice in flat pa
 nel displays as one of its electrodes. The major advantages of ITO are low
  resistivity\, high transmission of visible light and high free carrier de
 nsity that contributes to its relatively low electrical resistivity [2].\n
 Modification of ITO thin films on polymer substrates using transition meta
 l ion beams is rarely reported in literature. Therefore\, to develop bette
 r dilute magnetic semiconductor (DMSs) for the improvement of spintronic d
 evices\, it is important to investigate dependence of optical and magnetic
 \npropertises of ITO thin films on Cobalt ion beam implantation.\nIn this 
 work\, studies of ion beam induced modification in ITO thin films used in 
 optoelectronics will be presented. These films were deposited on flexible 
 polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. The ITO thin film samples were
  implanted with Co+ ions at different keV energies and fluences. Optical a
 nd magnetic properties of pristine and implanted samples\, characterized b
 y X-ray diffraction (XRD)\, UV-Visible Spectroscopy\, Scanning Electron Mi
 croscopy (SEM) and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM)\, will be presented
 .\n\nReferences\n[1] Andreas Stadler. Transparent Conducting Oxides An Up-
 To-Date Overview.www.mdpi.com/journal/materials\,         5:661–683\, 20
 12.\n[2] V. Gokulakrishnan et al. Effects of O7+ swift heavy ion irradiati
 on on indium oxide thin films.\nNucl. Instrum. and Methods\, B269:1836–1
 840\, 2011.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6599/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6599/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Building a ternary computer
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6600@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nonky Ramohoeba (University Of KwaZulu-Natal)\nCalcu
 lations and automatic processes are generally performed by analogue\, digi
 tal or hybrid computing depending on the problem to be solved. Nowadays th
 e majority of calculations and control systems are executed on digital dev
 ices such as computers\, microcontrollers and Field-Programmable Gate Arra
 ys (FPGA). In the past other calculation machines such as analogue compute
 r and ternary computer were proposed.\nThe development of analogue and ter
 nary machines was abandoned in the past and in this research we aim to inv
 estigate the performance of the aforementioned systems\, using modern elec
 tronic components. This research is particularly interested in ternary com
 puters. The ternary machine does not use only two states but uses three le
 vel states. The ternary logic is also related with quantum computing and e
 xtreme machine learning [1].\nEven though the research on ternary logic ha
 s been abandoned we intend to use its theoretical advantage of high memory
  and efficiency over binary codes. With the success in building the aforem
 entioned circuits\, experiments will be performed to compare digital\, ana
 logue\, ternary and hybrid calculations performance. The device will be us
 eful for better communication\, computer simulations\, military testing\, 
 encryption and automatic control systems.\n\nReferences:\n\n[1] Mark van H
 eeswijkn \, Yoan Miche\, “Binary/ternary extreme learning machines”\, 
 Neuro Computing\, Elsevier\, December 2015.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/
 event/91/contributions/6600/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6600/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF STRUCTURAL\, ELECTRONIC AND OPTICAL PROPER
 TIES OF VANADIUM DISELENIDE (VSe<sub>2</sub>)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6601@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Elkana Rugut (The National Institute for Theoretical
  Physics\, School of Physics and Mandelstam Institute for Theoretical Phys
 ics\, University of the Witwatersrand\, Johannesburg\, Wits 2050\, South A
 frica)\nVSe2 belongs to a group of compounds called transition metal dicha
 lcogenides. This group of compounds have been exploited by several researc
 hers both computationally and experimentally because of their intriguing p
 roperties such as low resistance\, high chemical and mechanical stability\
 , ease of synthesis among others that suites them for various applications
  ranging from catalysis\, electronics\, aerospace engineering to plasmonic
 s just to mention a few which attracted our attention prompting us to inve
 stigate one of its members\, that is VSe2.  In this regard\, structural st
 udy of VSe2 was undertaken using Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof exchange correlati
 on functional with two flavours of van der Walls correction namely Grimme 
 (DFT-D2) and Tkatchenko-Scheffler (TS). This is because VSe2 is layered ma
 terial.  From the structural data obtained PBE+DFT-D2 described the struct
 ural parameters of VSe2 best. Vibrational properties via phonon calculatio
 ns\, mechanical properties via an elastic constant calculation and energet
 ic properties via the calculation of formation and the cohesive energies c
 onfirm that VSe2 is mechanically\, dynamically and energetically stable in
  its trigonal phase. Furthermore\, from carefully predicted electronic ban
 d structure and density of states\, VSe2 exhibits metallic character. Opti
 cal properties at the BSE level of approximation show that the compound is
  optically anisotropic with different absorption behaviour in-plane and ou
 t-of-plane. From the obtained values of the screened plasma frequency\, VS
 e2 is a promising plasmonic material.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/
 91/contributions/6601/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6601/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Uncovering Orbital Angular Momentum with Mode Sorters
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6636@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bereneice Sephton (CSIR National Laser Centre\; Wits
  Physics Department)\nOrbital angular momentum (OAM) carrying beams are ub
 iquitous in many experiments being performed today and cover a wide range 
 of research\, from surface micro-structure processing to optical tweezers 
 and communications. It follows that these beams are a significant factor i
 n the outcome of these research areas. Characterization of OAM beams lies 
 in the ability to identify the OAM being carried. One such prominent metho
 d recently developed in 2010 by Berkhout et al. [1] is known as mode sorti
 ng whereby a geometric transformation is optically carried out on the beam
 . This converts OAM into transverse momentum\, causing the beam to ‘unra
 vel’ and allowing for the formation of spots with OAM-dependent position
 s through the Fourier transformation of a lens. We evaluate how the mode s
 orter achieves this transformation. Additionally\, we experimentally demon
 strate how the mode sorter works and explore the power and limitations of 
 this method.\n\n[1] Berkhout et. al. 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 153601\n\nh
 ttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6636/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6636/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Design and construction of a Digitally Controlled Function Generat
 or
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6602@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kreason Naidoo (UKZN)\nMany applications in Applied 
 and Experimental Physics require the use of a function generator. These de
 vices\, while a staple of most labs\, are expensive in nature and limiting
  in the way they operate. Most off-the-shelf\, mid-range function generato
 rs will be able to provide a few different wave forms with the frequency a
 nd amplitude (voltage) of the wave being variable. The user would control 
 these variables via the use of dials or buttons on the device itself. This
  analogue method to control the generator greatly limits how it can be use
 d. Higher-end\, digitally-controlled function generators are above the pri
 ce point for many researchers or students\n\nIn this project we sought to 
 create a low cost\, digitally-controlled function generator. This custom-b
 uilt generator would output a unipolar square wave that through the use of
  external filters could be converted into a range of periodic functions.  
 \n\nThis custom function generator is built as a standalone device and as 
 a module for the ‘Africhino Quasi-Computer’. In future development\, t
 he function generator will be able to generate any function required by th
 e user\, including non-periodic functions. \n\nDecreasing the cost of scie
 ntific endeavour\, while maintaining quality\, is the central tenant of th
 e ‘Africhino Quasi-Computer’. The function generator described above a
 ims to be a part of a complete\, low cost\, laboratory instrument kit. Thr
 ough this work we hope to bring advancements to the education\, private an
 d commercial sectors by reducing the associated costs and allowing the rea
 lisation of previously unattainable ideas. \n\nTo practically test the usa
 bility of the function generator\, we decided to use it to drive Q-Plates 
 in an optical scheme. These plates require specific frequencies and voltag
 es on a bi-polar square wave to function correctly. This ordinarily would 
 be a task suited to an off-the-shelf function generator\, however by using
  our custom built function generator we were able to have a computer contr
 ol the parameters of the wave\, changing them as needed at a speed far fas
 ter than a human could in a manual\, analogue operated system. \n\nWhile t
 his function generator is limited in the waves it can generate\, it is a s
 tep forward towards a cheaper\, more widely available scientific future.\n
 \nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6602/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6602/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:COMPUTATIONAL STUDY OF ELECTRONIC AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE CR
 OCONATES DYE MOLECULES FOR APPLICATION IN DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6603@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tshifhiwa Steve Ranwaha (University of Venda)\nCurre
 ntly the dye sensitised solar cells have attracted more attention due to i
 ts low cost\, transparency and flexibility. These types of solar cells use
 s the dye molecules adsorbed on the TiO2 semiconductor in their architectu
 re with the role of absorbing photon from the sun.  The electronic structu
 re and excitation properties of dye sensitizer determine the efficiency of
  the dye sensitised solar cell. The sensitizer absorbs the photon from the
  sun and then inject an electron on the TiO2 semiconductor.  In the curren
 t work the DFT calculations were employed to study the geometric\, electro
 nic and optical properties of two croconate dye molecules.  The calculatio
 ns are based on conjugate length\, charge transfer distance and absorption
  bands. The analysis of the excited state properties and free energy chang
 es for electron injection support that the croconates dye molecules can im
 prove the efficiency of DSSCs as they can absorb on the near infrared\, wh
 ich increase the absorption range on the solar spectrum. The increase of a
 bsorption towards the infrared gives more probability of high photon absor
 ption and electron transport on the large band gab TiO2.\n\nKeywords: Dye 
 Sensitized Solar Cells\, Dye\, Croconate\, Efficiency\n\nhttps://events.sa
 ip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6603/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6603/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Electrical resistivity and the thermodynamic properties of the fer
 romagnet Nd2Pt2In
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6604@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jean Jules Mboukam (University of the Western Cape)\
 nThe ferromagnet Nd2Pt2In compound was investigated by means of electrical
  resistivity\, &rho(T)\, magnetic susceptibility\, &chi(T)\, magnetization
 \, M(µ0H)\, heat capacity\, Cp(T) and magnetocaloric effect (MCE). Powder
  X – ray diffraction results confirm the tetragonal Mo2FeB2 – type cry
 stal structure with space group P4/mbm (No. 127). At high temperatures\, &
 rho(T) data shows metallic behaviour with a downward curvature and that is
  described by the Bloch – Gruneissen – Mott’s relation. At low tempe
 rature\, &rho(T) data shows an anomaly associated with ferromagnetism phas
 e transition at TC = 18 K. Below TC\, &rho(T) is well described by a spin 
 – wave dispersion with energy gap\, &Delta = 15.7(9) K. &chi(T) data at 
 high temperatures follows the Curie – Weiss relationship given and effec
 tive magnetic moment value\, µeff = 3.61(2) µB and the Weiss temperature
  constant &thetap = 16(1) K. The observed µeff value is close to the valu
 e of 3.62 µB expected for the Nd3+ - ion. At low temperatures\, &chi(T) d
 ata exhibit a sharp rise characteristic of ferromagnetic (FM) materials. T
 C was estimated at the minimum of d&chi(T)/dT curve at TC = 17.8 K\, which
  is close to the value of 18 K observed in &rho(T) data. Cp(T) data confir
 ms the FM phase transition at TC = 17.9 K taken at the midpoint of the max
 imum slope of the &lambda - type anomaly and close to the values of 18 K a
 nd 17.8 K observed in 7rho(T) and &chi(T) data respectively. The 4f – el
 ectron specific heat C4f(T)\, indicates a Schottky – type anomaly at hig
 h temperatures associated with crystalline – electric – field (CEF). T
 he Arrott – plot indicate a second – order FM phase transition. The MC
 E estimated from the magnetization data gives value of 6.25 J/kg.K for a f
 ield change of 7T. The isothermal magnetic entropy change maximum (&Delta 
 SMmax) follows a linear behaviour with h2/3 (h being the reduced field) wi
 th a negative y – intercept\, which confirms the mean – field theory f
 or a send – order phase transition.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/
 91/contributions/6604/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6604/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Investigating the insulator-metal phase transition in organic Cu(D
 CNQI)<sub>2</sub> salts by Ultrafast Electron Diffraction
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6605@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bart Smit (MSc Student)\, Nancy Payne (Stellenbosch 
 University)\nUltrafast electron diffraction (UED) is used to study photo-i
 nduced structural phase transitions and dynamics in crystalline materials\
 , with high temporal (sub-ps) and spatial (sub-Angstrom) resolution. Such 
 research can offer insight into the interactions between the different vib
 rational and electronic degrees of freedom of the material.\n\nThe radical
  anion Cu-dicyanochino-diimine [Cu(DCNQI)2] molecular crystals have metall
 ic one-dimensional conductivities at room temperature. Particular chemical
  derivatives of Cu(DCNQI)2 undergo a periodic lattice distortion (PLD) upo
 n cooling\, where the crystal layers along the conducting axis group into 
 sets of three. The PLD is associated with the formation of a charge densit
 y wave (CDW) and a dramatic metal-to-insulator phase transition within 1 K
 \, in some cases with a drop in conductivity of eight orders of magnitude.
  The insulator-to-metal phase transition can be optically driven\, making 
 Cu(DCNQI)2 salts perfect candidates for UED experiments. \n\nWe study 50 n
 m thick\, monocrystalline slices of Cu(Me\,Br-DCNQI)2\, bulk needles of wh
 ich undergo a metal-to-insulator phase transition at 155 K. Satellite peak
 s first appear upon cooling at approximately 165 K\, evidence of the PLD a
 nd that the crystal has entered its insulating phase. Analysis of the sate
 llite peak intensity and full width half maximum with respect to temperatu
 re suggest a gradual crystal layer displacement occurring in crystal domai
 ns\, which grow together at lower temperatures. Once the sample is in its 
 insulating phase\, the insulator-to-metal phase transition can be opticall
 y induced. UED experiments show that upon pumping\, the satellite peaks ar
 e fully suppressed within 2 ps and recover within 40 ps. That is\, the PLD
  is fully reverted and the crystal enters its conducting phase within 2 ps
 \, and recovers to the insulating state within 40 ps. This is accompanied 
 by an ultrafast intensity redistribution of the Bragg peaks on a similar t
 ime scale\, indicating structural changes in the organic molecules. Interp
 retation of the Bragg intensity changes will ultimately lead to a real-spa
 ce 'molecular movie' of the dynamics within the crystal.\n\nhttps://events
 .saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6605/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6605/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Assessment of the quality parameters of corn cob for energy conver
 sion through gasification
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6610@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Anthony Anukam (University of Fort Hare)\nCorn cob i
 s an abundant agricultural by-product of the maize industry\, which is one
  of the largest producers of biomass residues in South Africa. The perform
 ance  of energy conversion systems such as the gasification systems\, amon
 g other factors\, rely on the characteristics of the feedstock for convers
 ion\, which are most often determined by the use of specialized analytical
  instruments. This study assessed the characteristics of corn cob relevant
  to gasification in a downdraft system and determined that the physical\, 
 chemical and thermal as well as structural characteristics related to morp
 hology and reactive group of atoms analyses are among the properties of co
 rn cob that impacts its gasification performance. The results of these cha
 racteristics were interpreted in relation to gasification with specific re
 ference to existing data from the literature. The calorific value result o
 f corn cob showed that about 18 MJ/kg of energy is available for conversio
 n. Its high ash content of approximately 9% indicates that technical diffi
 culties linked to fouling\, slagging and sintering effects may be experien
 ced\, which may together contribute to low gasification efficiency. Howeve
 r\, the weight percentages of other properties such as moisture\, volatile
  matter and fixed carbon contents as well as the three major elemental com
 ponents (C\, H and O) of corn cob including its clearly exhibited fiber ce
 lls\, which are an indication of carbon-orientation as revealed by SEM ana
 lysis\, makes corn cob a suitable feedstock for gasification. Its internal
  structural analysis as revealed by FTIR analysis showed that –OH\, C–
 O\, C–H and C=C are the major functional group of atoms in its structure
 . These groups facilitate the formation of condensable and non-condensable
  liquid and gaseous products that impacts on the quality of the syngas pro
 duced during gasification. TGA analysis also established the maximum decom
 position temperature of corn cob\, ranging from 94–900°C.\n\nhttps://ev
 ents.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6610/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6610/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Effect of growth temperature on the structural\, optical and lumin
 escence properties of cadmium telluride nanoparticles
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6606@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sharon Kiprotich (University of the Free State)\nKey
  words: Cadmium telluride\; excitation\; luminescence\; optical properties
 \; Crystallite size.\nCdTe was synthesized by a simple wet chemical proces
 s at different reaction temperatures. Temperature is known to be a key the
 rmodynamic factor that plays an important role in controlling the growth r
 ate of the nanoparticle\, the morphology\, size and size distribution of t
 he as-prepared CdTe nanoparticles. In this study\, the effects of growth t
 emperature on the structure and optical properties of CdTe nanoparticles w
 ere investigated in detail. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis displayed a c
 ubic crystal structure with the plane 111\, 200\, 220\, 311 being the main
  observed peaks. XRD pattern for samples prepared at temperatures lower th
 an 50 °C had many impurities from unreacted precursors while those prepar
 ed at temperatures above 100 °C displayed polycrystalline nanoparticles. 
  The photoluminescence (PL) spectra displayed a red shift (540 to 560 nm) 
 in emission as growth temperature is increased from 50 to 200 °C.  Highes
 t PL peak intensity was realized for growth temperature of 150 °C. Absorp
 tion band maxima were observed to shift towards longer wavelength for high
 er growth temperatures. Spherical shaped nanoparticles were formed as disp
 layed by the HRTEM and SEM images. The CdTe nanocrystals of different size
 s caused tunable emission from green to red due to the quantum confinement
  effects and these nanomaterials can be applied for biomedical imaging [1]
 . \nReference:  [1] C. B. Murray\, D. J. Norris\, M. G. Bawendi\, J. Am. C
 hem. Soc. 1993\, 115\, 8706 -8715.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/
 contributions/6606/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6606/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Solar Wind And Heliospheric Magnetic Field Behaviour During Solar 
 Cycle 23-24
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6607@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Pieter Kotze (SANSA)\nMagnetic field and solar wind 
 particle data from the ACE satellite will be used to perform a spectral an
 alysis of the solar wind charge state ratios\, e.g. O7+/O6+ and C6+/C5+ as
  well as the alpha to proton abundance ratios during solar cycle 23 and 24
 . These oxygen and carbon charge state ratios are a proxy for the electron
  temperature in the solar corona while the solar wind elemental compositio
 n abundances are related to processes in the source region of the solar wi
 nd. As the solar corona expands and collision rates drop\, these propertie
 s are then embedded into the solar wind plasma and contrary to the solar w
 ind velocity\, do not evolve as the solar wind travels to 1 AU. Solar wind
  composition observations and measurements by ACE at 1 AU therefore encaps
 ulate imprints of the conditions under which the solar wind formed. Lomb-S
 cargle and Morlet wavelet spectral analysis techniques will be used to inv
 estigate the evolution of several periodicities of solar wind parameters d
 uring cycle 23-24\, particularly the unusual minimum between these cycles.
  Pearson correlation analysis between ACE magnetic field observations and 
 solar spherical harmonic coefficients as a function of the 27-day Carringt
 on rotation also reveals that the sectorial solar magnetic is dominating d
 uring the minimum 23-24\, indicating an unusual configuration of the solar
  dynamo.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6607/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6607/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Experimental investigation of the Hong-Ou-Mandel interference in t
 urbulence
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6608@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Shashi Prabhakar (School of Physics\, University of 
 the Witwatersrand\, Johannesburg 2000\, South Africa)\nIn this work\, the 
 effect of turbulence on the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect is investigated ex
 perimentally. For this purpose\, we produce entangled photonic states gene
 rated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion. In our experiment\, the e
 ntangled photons propagate through different turbulent media\, which are s
 imulated using spatial light modulators. The atmospheric turbulence is sim
 ulated according to the Kolmogorov theory of turbulence and modelled as a 
 single phase screen. Without any turbulence\, one finds that symmetric sta
 tes (anti-symmetric states) produce a dip (peak) in the coincidence counts
 \, after passing through the beam-splitter\, thanks to the HOM effect. Wit
 h the addition of turbulence in one of the photon paths\, we found that th
 ere is no change in the visibility of the dips or peaks. While in cases wh
 ere the turbulence affects both photons\, the visibility of the dip or pea
 k is reduced. This phenomenon can be explained by the way in which the tur
 bulence in a single-sided or doubled-sided channel affects the symmetry of
  the input state. Experimental results for all these various scenarios are
  presented.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6608/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6608/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Non-specialist Talk - Structure Property correlation in SOFC & SOE
 C materials
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6609@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: David Billing (University of the Witwatersrand)\nSol
 id Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) and Solid Oxide electrolyser cells (SOECs) are
  exciting electrochemical devices that could provide unique and revolution
 ary solutions to some of the renewable energy challenges facing society. C
 entral to the design of these devices is the need for a solid electrolyte 
 that is an excellent oxygen ionic conductor whilst simultaneously being an
 d electronic insulator. Additionally the materials needs to be mechanicall
 y tough and remain chemically inert in harsh operating environments.  The 
 architype materials used as solid electrolyte in most SOFCs include YSZ (Y
 ttrium stabilised Zirconia) and CaSZ (Calcium stabilised Zirconia) with th
 e Y or Ca dopants present at around 8 to 10% level. \n\nIn pursuit of impr
 oved materials for use in SOFCs and SOECs\, our research has focused on ga
 ining a fundamental understanding of the mechanisms governing the transpor
 t properties of these and closely related materials with an approximate A2
 B2O7 stoichiometry for various cationic ions\, as well adding dopant speci
 es on particularly the A-site. Typically such materials adopt either avera
 ge defect Fluorite or Pyrochlore structure types\, and due to the presence
  of vacant anionic sites\, both these structure types have inherent potent
 ial for ionic conduction. Our research has included the development of sui
 table synthesis\, preparation and processing methodologies\, particularly 
 for the more novel materials\, followed by structural\, crystallographic\,
  electrochemical and spectroscopic characterisation. Noteworthy\, as SOFCs
  and SOECs have operational temperatures ranging from around 300°C to 100
 0°C\, we perform XRD\, PDF(1)\, Raman and EIS measurements between ambien
 t to 900°C or 1000°C. Consideration of the results obtained for the arra
 y of distinct materials we have prepared\, has highlighted the central rol
 e of short range order\, as well as the importance of microstructure on th
 e overall transport properties of the materials. \n\nI will present a sele
 ction of our results to date\, including the results obtained from total s
 cattering experiments performed on ID22 at the ESRF in Grenoble. Analysis 
 of the data shows structural differences when comparing the structure as p
 erceived on the nano-scale with the bulk average structure. The implicatio
 ns of this for the transport properties of all energy materials is profoun
 d\, and will be described.\n\n\n(1)    S. J. L. Billinge\, “Nanostructur
 e studied using the atomic pair distribution function”\, Z. Kristallogr.
  Suppl. 26 (2007) 17-26\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributio
 ns/6609/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6609/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Fine structure of the Isoscalar Giant Monopole Resonance for 24Mg\
 , 58Ni and 90Zr using 200 MeV α-particle inelastic scattering at zero-deg
 rees
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6611@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Chané Simone Moodley (University of the Witwatersra
 nd)\nIn the last decade\, through high energy-resolution proton inelastic-
 scattering experiments\, it was revealed that giant resonances carry fine 
 structure as a signature of damping mechanisms. Now\, for the first time\,
  such high energy-resolution measurements can be made with intermediate en
 ergy α-particle inelastic-scattering at zero-degrees\, where preferential
 ly the Isoscalar Giant Monopole Resonance (ISGMR) is excited. These experi
 ments have been performed using the Separated Sector Cyclotron (SSC) at th
 e iThemba LABS and the K600 magnetic spectrometer for a range of nuclei in
 cluding 24Mg\, 58Ni and 90Zr. In order to isolate the electric monopole re
 sponse\, background from other multipoles can be subtracted including the 
 Isovector Giant Dipole Resonance (IVGDR) and the Isoscalar Giant Quadrupol
 e Resonance (ISGQR) using energy spectra also at zero-degrees obtained fro
 m proton inelastic-scattering. Following this multipole decomposition anal
 ysis\, J π = 0+ level densities can also be extracted. Preliminary result
 s will be presented.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/
 6611/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6611/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Nanostructures growth on c-Si substrate by thermal dewetting of Pd
  and Al thin films
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6614@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mamogo Masenya (Physics Department\, University of t
 he Western Cape\, Private Bag X17\, Bellville 7535\, South Africa\,  iThem
 ba LABS (Gauteng)\, Private Bag 11\, WITS 2050\, South Africa)\nNanomateri
 als are intensively researched due to a number of superior properties such
  as opto - electronic\, mechanical\, higher ratio of surface - to - volume
  ratio\, etc. compared to those of their bulk counterparts. The objective 
 of this study is to induce Si nanostructures by thermal dewetting of selec
 ted metals on c-Si substrate. Acid - etched and non - treated Si substrate
  were both useful in order to explore the effect of natives oxide on the g
 rowth of the nanostructures. Al and Pd thin film with thickness ranging be
 tween 5 and 20 nm were grown on c-Si (100) by electron beam evaporation. T
 he films were thereafter isothermally annealed in vacuum at 580 0C for fou
 r hours and at 600 0C for two hours\, for Al and Pd respectively. The indu
 ced nanostructures were characterized by SEM for both structural and eleme
 ntal composition\, XRD for phase transformation and crystallinity\, UV-vis
 ible spectroscopy for optical properties and Hall effect measurements for 
 electrical properties. Preliminary results show that while effective dewet
 ting in individual droplets and larger island is achieved with Pd\, Al ind
 uced nanostructures show small grains that evolve in much bigger coalesced
  but interconnected features. Our contribution will discuss the effect of 
 the metal layer thickness as well as the effect of the native oxide on the
  induced nanostructures.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributi
 ons/6614/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6614/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Performance Evaluation and Optimization of an Air Source Heat Pump
  Water Heater at Low Temperatures
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6615@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Joel YONGOUA NANA (Fort Hare Institute of Technology
 )\nResidential air source heat pump (ASHP) water heaters can operate at a 
 coefficient of performance (COP) between 2-4 under standard outdoor condit
 ions. In winter usually at outdoor temperatures below 5°C when their heat
 ing function is mostly needed\, they tend to under-perform with COP usuall
 y close to 1. However\, residential ASHP water heaters still offer room fo
 r further optimization in a bid to achieve a higher operation efficiency e
 ven at low temperatures from an energy management perspective.\n\nIn this 
 work\, we critically analyze the performance of a residential split-type A
 SHP water heater during winter at ambient temperatures below 5°C (typical
  of South African climate during winter). The thermodynamic performance pa
 rameters and compressor energy consumption are modeled using multiple line
 ar regression models. These models are then simulated in MATLAB incorporat
 ing an intelligent control algorithm designed to boost the COP at low ambi
 ent temperatures.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/661
 5/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6615/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Wide field fluorescence microscopy of single nanoparticles
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6616@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Charmaine Sibanda (Stellenbosch University)\nSingle 
 molecule fluorescence microscopy is a well known imaging technique used to
  image single probes in their nano environment. Optical studies of individ
 ual probes provide rare photo physical and photo chemical processes that a
 re hidden in the ensemble average [1]. Fluorescence microscopy images are 
 a source of information about the structure and the spatial distribution o
 f a molecule of interest. The technique that was used for this research wa
 s wide field fluorescence microscopy. Using this technique requires that t
 he whole sample be illuminated evenly by the source light as well as imagi
 ng the entire illuminated area [2]. In our work fluorescent signatures fro
 m single nanoparticles coated with rhodamine dye molecules were captured u
 sing a CMOS camera and was analyzed using an image processing software. To
  ensure that individual nanoparticles are imaged the sample solution conce
 ntration must be in the nano molar range\, ensuring that the nanoparticles
  are sparsely spread over a glass cover slide. The image analysis also sho
 wed useful information on photo bleaching\, photo stability and localizati
 on accuracy of the single nanoparticles.\n\n\n[1] R. M. Dickson et al\, "O
 n/Off blinking and switching behaviour of single molecules of green fluore
 scent protein\," Letters to Nature\, vol. 388\, pp. 355-358\, 1997. \n[2] 
 F. Rost\, Fluorescence microscopy volume 1\, New York: Cambridge Universit
 y Press\, Cambridge& New York\, 1995.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/
 91/contributions/6616/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6616/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Diffusivity of single fluorescent probes embedded in thin polymer 
 films
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6617@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Charmaine Sibanda (Stellenbosch University)\nPhotoph
 ysics and photochemistry in polymer science has been of central areas of i
 nterest in understanding the structure and dynamics of polymers. The physi
 cal properties of polymers especially the dynamical properties close to th
 e phase transition from rubbery to the glassy state are complex and have n
 ot been completely understood despite experimental and theoretical studies
  over the past decades [1]. Understanding the dynamics of polymer nano env
 ironments is highly crucial for numerous technological applications in var
 ious industrial and biomedical sectors related to protective and functiona
 l coatings and biocompatibility of medical implants [2]. The diffusivity o
 f single probes embedded in thin polymer films can exhibit unusual physica
 l properties due to geometric constraints imposed by the presence of surfa
 ces and interfaces and using single molecule fluorescence microscopy as an
  imaging technique\, allows one to look at the microscopic processes on th
 e nanometer scale [3]. For this research single nanoparticles were embedde
 d in thin polystyrene (PS) and poly (isobutyl methacrylate) (PIMA) films a
 nd were used to study the nano scale polymer dynamics via the diffusivity 
 of the single nanoparticles. The diffusivity of the single nanoparticles w
 as analyzed assuming a typical Brownian motion model that is used to calcu
 late the mean square displacement of the single probes as a function of ti
 me\, which in turn uniquely determines the diffusion coefficient of the si
 ngle probes. \n\n\n\n[1] R.A.Vallee et al. Single Molecule probing of glas
 s transition phenomenon. Chemical Physics 2007\,127\, 15. \n[2] B. Flier\,
  et al. Heterogeneous Diffusion in Thin Polymer-Films as observed by High-
 Temperature Single Molecule Fluorescence Microscopy\; J. Am. Chem. Soc.\, 
 2012\, 134\, 480-488.\n[3] N. Tomczak et al. Probing polymers with single 
 fluorescent molecules.European Polymer 2004\,40\, 1001-1011.\n\nhttps://ev
 ents.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6617/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6617/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:First-principles investigation of lattice thermal conductivity and
  stuctural stability of CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub>
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6618@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ibrahim Abdallah (School of Physics and Mandelstam I
 nstitute for Theoretical Physics\, University of the Witwatersrand)\nThe s
 tuctural stability\, elastic constants\, vibrational properties and lattic
 e thermal conductivity of the orthorhombic CH3NH3PbI3 have been investigat
 ed using first-principles calculations. These calculations were based on d
 ensity functional theory and were performed using a generalized gradient a
 pproximation parametrized by Perdew\, Burke and Ernzerhof (PBE and PBEsol)
 . The relaxed system is dynamicaly satble\, while the equilibrium elastic 
 constants satisfy all the mechanical stability criteria for an orthorhombi
 c structure\, showing stability against small distortions. The lattice the
 rmal conductivity was calculated with the single-mode relaxation-time appr
 oximation and a full solution of the linearized phonon Boltzmann equation 
 from first-principles anharmonic lattice dynamics calculations. We found t
 hat the lattice thermal conductivity of CH3NH3PbI3 is non-isotropic\, with
  values of 0.134\, 0.083\, and 0.43 W m-1 K-1 in the directions x\, y and 
 z\, respectively.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/661
 8/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6618/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Memory in non-Abelian Gauge Theory
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T082000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6662@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bourgeois Gadjagboui (Wits University)\nThis project
  addresses the study of the memory effect. We review the effect in electro
 magnetism\,\nwhich is an abelian gauge theory. We prove that we can shift 
 the phase factor by performing a gauge transformation. The gauge group is 
 U(1). We extend the study to the nonabelian gauge theory by computing the 
 memory in SU(2) which vanishes up to the first order Taylor expansion.\n\n
 https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6662/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6662/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Characterization of the iThemba LABS segmented clover detector for
  gamma-ray tracking
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6619@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Wiseman Xolani (UNIZUL)\nThe iThemba LABS segmented 
 clover detector is a new generation gamma spectroscopy detector and is mad
 e of four Ge crystals. Each crystal has one central electrode where a high
  voltage with positive polarity is applied\, while the outside electrode i
 s grounded and segmented 8-fold. When a gamma-ray interacts inside the det
 ector it creates charges. These charges move towards the electrodes creati
 ng electric currents. The signals observed on the electrodes represent suc
 h currents and have shapes that are indicative where (i.e. how far from ea
 ch electrode) the charge was created. \n\nThe determination of the interac
 tion position in the detector requires both experimental and simulated dat
 a. A data base containing sets of simulated pulses that characterize every
  possible interaction position in the volume of the detector should be bui
 lt first. The measured signals for gamma-ray interaction are then compared
  with the pulses in this data base. The interaction position is determined
  based on the best match of experimental pulses and pulses from the simula
 tions.\n\nSimulation of the pulses corresponding to different interactions
  has been done using Agata Data Library software (ADL). For each simulated
  gamma ray interaction ADL out-puts nine pulses per interaction\, however 
 it needs several parameters that have to be measured experimentally. In th
 is work\, response functions\, crystal orientations and charge mobilities 
 have been measured.\nThese parameters were then incorporated into the ADL 
 code and the output traces corresponding to charge collection were compare
 d to the experimental data. The results show good agreement. They will be 
 presented and discussed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributi
 ons/6619/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6619/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Search for new physics using four charged leptons at the LHC
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T122000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6620@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mampionona Ralaimiaramanana RAJAOFERASON (Wits Unive
 rsity)\nThe production of four isolated charged leptons (electrons or muon
 s) constitute a clean signature in proton-proton collisions provided by th
 e Large Hadron Collider. A heavy scalar\, H\, with a mass around 270 GeV i
 s considered as a scenario for the anomalous production of for leptons. Th
 e heavy scalar can decay directly into four leptons via the decay into two
  Z bosons. Another option is the decay of H into the Higgs boson and an in
 termediate scalar\, S. The latter is assumed to have a relatively large br
 anching fraction into leptons. The phenomenology and the status of the bli
 nded data analysis will be summarized.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event
 /91/contributions/6620/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A404
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6620/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Brillouin scattering study on the opto-acoustic anisotropy of SrF3
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6621@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hlosani Dube (University of the Witwatersrand)\nThe 
 elastic anisotropy of transparent polymer films and layers can be isanvest
 igated nondestructively using Brillouin scattering techniques. In this stu
 dy\, an application of Reflection Induced ΘA scattering (RIΘA) technique
  is introduced. In this geometry\, we can simultaneously obtain RIΘA scat
 tering and back scattering peaks in one frequency spectrum. Because the sh
 ift frequency of 180 scattering peaks are dependent on the refractive inde
 x\, one can deduce the information of optical anisotropy (birefringence) b
 y comparing the RIΘA and back scattering peaks. Making use of this idea\,
  the elastic and optical properties (birefringence) of a strontium fluorid
 e (SrF3) crystal are investigated. The refractive index of the SrF3 was th
 en estimated using Brillouin scattering results from this isotropic plane.
 \n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6621/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6621/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:AdS/CFT predictions for partonic and fragmented momentum\, azimuth
 al\, and rapidity correlations of heavy flavors in heavy ion collisions
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T122000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6622@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Robert Hambrock (University of Cape Town)\nWe comput
 e the suppression\, angular\, and rapidity distribution of single open hea
 vy flavour and the momentum\, angular\, and rapidity correlations for pair
 s of open heavy flavour at RHIC and LHC from an AdS/CFT-based energy loss 
 model. We quantitatively compare these strongly-coupled QGP predictions to
  the weakly-coupled QGP predictions of Nahrgang et al.\, PRC90 (2014) [arX
 iv:1305.3823]. In the strong-coupling energy loss model\, we include both 
 the mean energy loss and thermal fluctuations\; in the weak-coupling energ
 y loss model\, one set of predictions corresponds to the inclusion of pure
 ly collisional processes while the other additionally incorporates radiati
 ve corrections.\n\nWhen restricted to leading order production processes\,
  we find that the strongly coupled correlations of high transverse momentu
 m pairs (>4 GeV) are broadened less efficiently than the corresponding wea
 k coupling based correlations\, while low transverse momentum pairs (1−4
  GeV) are broadened with similar efficiency\, but with an order of magnitu
 de more particles ending up in this momentum class. The strong coupling mo
 mentum correlations we compute account for initial correlations and reveal
  that the particle pairs suppressed from initially high momenta to the low
  momentum domain do not suffice to explain the stark difference to the wea
 k coupling results in momentum correlations for 1−4 GeV. From this\, we 
 conclude that heavy quark pairs are more likely to stay correlated in mome
 ntum when propagating through a strongly coupled plasma than a weakly coup
 led one.\n\nWhen initialised at next-to-leading order (POWHEG+Pythia8)\, w
 e observe significant additional broadening of azimuthal correlations\, wi
 th the angular correlations of low momentum pairs (1−4 GeV) essentially 
 washed. However\, the momentum correlations remain even when NLO productio
 n mechanisms are included. Thus\, our conclusion for differences in moment
 um correlations with leading order production processes should carry over 
 to next-to-leading order production processes once comparable predictions 
 for a weakly-coupled QGP emerge.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/co
 ntributions/6622/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A404
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6622/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Constraining the Gluon Content of Nuclei with an Electron-Ion Coll
 ider
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T082000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6623@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Victor Gueorguiev (University of Cape Town)\nWe pres
 ent first results on the ability to constrain the gluon content of relativ
 istic nuclei through novel light and heavy flavor jet and open heavy flavo
 r observables at a future electron-ion collider (EIC)\, a \\$1 billion dol
 lar facility to be built in the United States.  Using massive supercompute
 r processing\, we compare predictions from a complete next-to-leading orde
 r Monte Carlo hard production and showering calculation for the jet and op
 en heavy flavor spectra and correlations from multiple state of the art nu
 clear parton distribution parameterizations including full Hessian uncerta
 inty analysis.  Our work will provide input into EIC detector design and w
 ill guide future theoretical research into the observation of non-linear p
 roperties of quantum chromodynamics (QCD).\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/e
 vent/91/contributions/6623/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A404
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6623/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:LaBr<sub>text3</sub>  detector array for fast timing measurements
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6624@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Msebi Lumkile ((University of Westren Cape))\nMeasur
 ements of lifetime and transition moments for excited nuclear levels are f
 undamentally important in experimental nuclear physics since they reveal c
 rucial properties of nuclear structure.\nRecently a fast timing array has 
 been assembled at iThemba LABS\, Cape Town consisting of eight 2" by 2" La
 Brtext3 (Ce) detectors.  Several experimental runs have been done with 22
  Na and 60 Co sources to effect calibration and efficiency measurements.\n
 A radioactive 67 Ga source\, produced at iThemba LABS\, was placed at the 
 centre 240mm equidistant from each detector in our fast timing array. The 
 data collected was used to better understand fast timing techniques.\nWe p
 resent the present the results of efficiency measurements and some lifetim
 e measurements for the 67Ga radioactive source.\nMore exciting work will d
 one through the fast timing array in a quest to comprehend the population 
 mechanism of excited 0+  states. Among the work to be carried out through 
 this array\, includes 0-degree measurements that are beneficial in suppres
 sion of high angular momentum values and selection of low spin states. All
  these endeavours will seek to unveil the quadrupole moment of nuclei and 
 their intrinsic behavior .\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contribu
 tions/6624/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6624/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Comparative performance of CdS/CdTe thin film solar cells fabricat
 ed with electrochemically deposited CdTe from 2-electrode and 3-electrode 
 set-ups.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6625@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Obi Kingsley Echendu (Department of Physics\, Univer
 sity of the Free State\, Qwa qwa Campus\, Private bag X13\, Phuthaditjhaba
 \, 9866\, South Africa)\nA comparative study of the performance of thin fi
 lm glass/FTO/CdS/CdTe/Au solar cells has been carried out for solar cells 
 fabricated with CdTe electrochemically grown using 2-electrode and 3-eletr
 ode set-ups. Structural and optical characterization of the CdTe films pri
 or to solar cell fabrication shows that both electrode set-ups produce CdT
 e with similar x-ray diffraction patterns and optical absorption propertie
 s. Current density-voltage characterization of the resulting un-optimized 
 solar cells also show that CdTe from both electrode systems produced solar
  cells of comparable conversion efficiencies in the range (3.0 – 6.5)%. 
 The open-circuit voltage\, short-circuit current density and fill factor f
 or cells from both systems were in the range (410 – 630) mV\, (15.2 – 
 31.8) mAcm-2 and (0.32 – 0.49) respectively. These results demonstrate t
 hat the 2-electrode electrodeposition is as good as the conventional 3-ele
 ctrode counterpart in producing semiconductors without compromising their 
 essential device qualities. This becomes important more so as the eliminat
 ion of the relatively expensive reference electrode commonly used in 3-ele
 ctrode set-up will go a long way to reducing the cost of producing thin fi
 lm solar cells and other devices based on eletrodeposition technique.\n\nh
 ttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6625/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6625/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Calculation of the nuclear optical potential and elastic scatterin
 g observables for unstable nuclei using a relativistic formalism
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T082000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6626@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Wasiu Yahya (Stellenbosch University)\nThe ground st
 ate properties of unstable nuclei are studied using the following relativi
 stic mean field (RMF) models: QHDI\, QHDII\, NL3\, and FSUGold. The bound 
 state wave functions obtained from these RMF calculations are then folded 
 with the nucleon--nucleon (NN) interaction to obtain the nuclear optical p
 otential. Two models for the NN interaction are considered: the IA1 parame
 trization\, and a general Lorentz--invariant form\, called the IA2 model. 
 The scattering observables are calculated for projectile proton scattering
  at various intermediate energies of 200 MeV\, 300 MeV\, and 500 MeV\, by 
 solving the Dirac equation. The results for the IA1 and IA2 models will be
  compared.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6626/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6626/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:RFQ accelerator beam optimization at Necsa
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6627@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tshepo Mahafa (Necsa)\nA process of beam optimizatio
 n was carried out at Necsa following changes made to the HEBT system of th
 e accelerator. This was done to establish the most optimal beam conditions
  that ensures adequate beam transport is achieved and maintained during ac
 celeration. The optimization method and work will be presented which will 
 detail the 3 step process followed that involved TRACE 3D simulation\, qua
 drant analysis for beam positioning\, and a beam to target run for identif
 ying beam position and determining beam size.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.z
 a/event/91/contributions/6627/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6627/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Resonances in odd-odd 182Ta
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T082000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6628@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: C.P. Brits (iThemba LABS)\nRelatively small resonanc
 es on the low-energy tail of the giant electric dipole resonance such as t
 he scissors or pygmy resonances can have significant impact on reaction ra
 tes. These rates are important input for modelling processes that take pla
 ce in astrophysical environments and nuclear reactors.  Recent results fro
 m the University of Oslo indicate the existence of a significant enhanceme
 nt in the photon strength function for nuclei in the actinide region due t
 o the scissors resonance [1]. Further\, the M1 strength distribution of sc
 issors resonances in rare earth nuclei has been studied extensively over t
 he years [2]. In order to investigate the extent and persistence of the sc
 issor resonance in other mass regions\, an experiment was performed utiliz
 ing the NaI(Tl) gamma-ray detector array (CACTUS) and silicon particle tel
 escopes (SiRi) at the cyclotron laboratory at the University of Oslo. Part
 icle-gamma coincidences from the 181Ta(d\,p)182Ta reaction were used to  m
 easure the nuclear level density and photon strength function of the well-
 deformed 182Ta system\, to investigate the existence of resonances below t
 he neutron separation energy. In this talk I will present and discuss the 
 final results of this investigation and place our findings in the context 
 of previous work. \n\n[1] M. Guttormsen et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 109\, 1625
 03 (2012).\n[2] P. von-Neumann-Cosel\, K. Heyde\, and A. Richter\, Rev. Mo
 d. Phys.\, 82\, 2365\,\n(2010).\n\nThis work is based on the research supp
 orted in part by the National Research Foundation of South Africa Grant Nu
 mber 92600.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6628/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6628/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Multi-wavelength observations and modelling of solar energetic par
 ticles
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6629@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Du Toit Strauss (Centre for Space Research\, North-W
 est University)\nSolar energetic particles (SEPs) are highly relativistic\
 , non-thermal particles\, accelerated in/near the solar corona during tran
 sient solar phenomena. SEP electrons are believed to be mainly accelerated
  by magnetic reconnection occurring in solar flares. For these events\, we
  may infer a lot about how and where these particles are accelerated and w
 hen they are released into the turbulent interplanetary medium by examinin
 g the electromagnetic radiation they produce during their propagation. In 
 this talk we will discuss these remote-sensing observations of the Sun\, h
 ow the transport of SEP electrons are modelled\, and how we may use the SE
 P electron observations to mitigate possible harmful space weather events.
 \n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6629/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6629/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Investigation of the Magnetic Ground State of PrRu<sub>2</sub>Ga<s
 ub>8</sub> Compound
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6630@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Michael Olawale Ogunbunmi (University of Johannesbur
 g)\nWe have investigated the ground state properties of the orthorhombic s
 tructure compound  PrRu2Ga8 which was first announced by the group of Jeit
 schko [1]. The compound crystallizes in the CaCo2Al8-type structure\, belo
 nging to space group Pbam (No. 55). Specific heat data shows a λ-type ano
 maly at TN = 3.3 K\, indicating a bulk phase transition probably of antife
 rromagnetic nature. At the Neel temperature\, TN the entropy approaches th
 e value of 4.66 J/mol.K which is about 0.8Rln2\, where R is the universal 
 gas constant. The dc magnetic susceptibility\, χ(T) confirms the anomaly 
 at 3.3 K while 1/χ(T) follows the Curie-Weiss law down to low temperature
 s\, with the calculated effective magnetic moment\, μeff = 3.47(2) μB an
 d paramagnetic temperature\, θp = −7.8(1) K. This magnetic moment value
  is in good agreement with the Hund’s rule theoretical value of 3.58 μB
  for a free Pr3+ ion. The electrical resistivity data also show an anomaly
  at TN and follows a metallic behavior at high temperatures. The Pr3+ in t
 his structure type has a site symmetry of Cs which predicts a crystal elec
 tric field (CEF) splitting of the J = 4 multiplet into 9 singlets and thus
  rule out in principle the occurrence of spontaneous magnetic order. In th
 is work we discuss the magnetic order in PrRu2Ga8 in line with an induced 
 type of magnetism resulting from the admixture of the lowest CEF level wit
 h the higher ones [2].\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contribution
 s/6630/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6630/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Performance monitoring of a fabricated biogas digester fed with pi
 g dung
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6631@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: KeChrist Obileke (Fort Hare Institute of Technology)
 \nA 2.2 cubic metre volume biogas digester was designed\, fabricated and t
 ested for its performance using pig dung. The biogas digester was made of 
 high density polyethylene (HDPE) plastic. The use of the plastic material 
 was advantageous because the characteristic of defect such as cracks in th
 e brick structure experience in the fixed dome type of biogas digester mad
 e of bricks or cement does not occur in plastic material. After the fabric
 ation\, the biogas digester was fed with pig dung to check its performance
 . The following parameter of the pig dung was examined\; total solids\, vo
 latile solids\, chemical oxygen demand and pH. The biogas composition and 
 production were determined using a gas analyzer and mass flow meter respec
 tively\, while the pH of the slurry was measured using a digital pH meter.
  In the experiment\, it was observed that the rate of biogas production fr
 om the pig dung increases as the retention time increases and later decrea
 ses after days of biodegradation. The optimum biogas yield was 2.30 cubic 
 metre at pH of 6.8 during the 18th to 21st day of the study. Also\, the st
 udy shows that pig dung  is a potential substrate for biogas generation an
 d should be encouraged. In conclusion\, the methane yield of the pig dung 
 was 60 %.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6631/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6631/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Evaluation of Garcia Regression Constants using Meteorological Dat
 a in Pretoria Arcadia\, South Africa.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T082000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6632@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sophie Mulaudzi (University of Venda)\nThe success o
 f the harnessing of solar energy at its best depends on the availability o
 f accurate global solar radiation data. Due to high costs of the meteorolo
 gical measuring equipment and lack of technical skills for calibrating the
 se instruments in many developing countries like South Africa\, an alterna
 tive method has to be employed. The use of the developed solar models to e
 stimate the global solar radiation data becomes vital in this regard. In t
 his study\, the Garcia regression constants α "and " β from the relation
 \, G/G_0 =α+ β*∆T/N_p  \, of Pretoria Arcadia station at Western Cape 
 were evaluated. The model uses the possible sunshine hours\, N_p and the a
 ir temperature\, T at the study area. Two years’ meteorological data was
  used to determine the regression constants. The estimated global solar ra
 diation data was then computed for the period of ten years and compared wi
 th the in-situ data. For the validation of the model\, statistical analysi
 s was also performed and reflected good relationship between the estimated
  and the measured global solar radiation data.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.
 za/event/91/contributions/6632/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6632/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Mass-loading effect of graphene foam (GF) on the electrochemical p
 erformance of nickel phosphate as an electrode for supercapacitor applicat
 ion
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6633@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Abdulmajid A. Mirghni (UP)\nThis work presents the e
 ffect of different contents of graphene foam (GF) on the electrochemical c
 apacitance of nickel phosphate Ni3(PO4)2 nanorods as an electrode material
  for supercapacitor applications. Ni3(PO4)2 nanorods were synthesized via 
 a hydrothermal method followed by different mass loading of graphene (30\,
  60\, 90  and 120 mg\,  denoted as Ni3(PO4)2/30 mg GF\, Ni3(PO4)2/60 mg GF
 \, Ni3(PO4)2/90 mg GF and Ni3(PO4)2/120 mg GF\, respectively. The electroc
 hemical behavior of Ni3(PO4)2 and Ni3(PO4)2/GF nanorods composites were an
 alyzed in a three-electrode cell using cyclic voltammetry (CV)\, galvanost
 atic charge–discharge (GCD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (
 EIS) in a 6 M KOH electrolyte. The electrochemical tests showed that the s
 pecific capacitance increased with increasing the GF content up to 90 mg t
 hen decreased. The Ni3(PO4)2/90 mg GF exhibited the highest specific capac
 itance of 606 F g-1 (using CV curve) and 462 F g-1 (using CD curve) at 5 m
 V s-1 scan rate and 0.5 A g-1 current density respectively. The high speci
 fic capacitance is attributed to good crystallinity and synergetic interac
 tion of the GF and Ni3(PO4)2 nanorods.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event
 /91/contributions/6633/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6633/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Cell death induced by combination of phthalocyanine photosensitize
 r and doxorubicin on MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T082000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6634@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Eric Chekwube Aniogo (Laser Research Centre\, Univer
 sity of Johannesburg)\nCancer is one of the common diseases that affect an
 d threatens our human existence. Breast cancer is an invasive heterogeneou
 s disease and the second most common disease among woman worldwide. Virtua
 lly\, curative degenerative diseases like cancer employ multiple therapeut
 ic agents that targets different pathological processes. For this reason\,
  combination therapy remains an alternative strategy to combat diseases li
 ke cancer. In this study\, we evaluated the anticancer effect of phthalocy
 anine mediated photodynamic therapy in combination with low dose doxorubic
 in (0.5 µM) on MCF-7 cancer cells. In addition\, we explore the cell deat
 h pathway elicited from the combination treatment. MCF-7 cells were incuba
 ted with low dose doxorubicin for 20 h\, afterwards\, various concentratio
 ns of phthalocyanine were added and further incubated for 4 h. Thereafter\
 , the cells were irradiated with 681.5 nm diode laser at 4.55 wM/cm2 for 1
 8 min 27 sec (5 J/cm2)\, and the cellular responses were measured. Cellula
 r morphology was observed using inverted microscopy while the proliferatio
 n of cells was measured with homogenous ATP quantitative assay. The mechan
 ism of cell death was investigated using Annexin V/PI flow cytometric anal
 ysis. Findings from this study shows that combination of phthalocyanine me
 diated photodynamic therapy and doxorubicin significantly enhances the ant
 icancer efficacy of phthalocyanine-doxorubicin combination on MCF-7 cells 
 than when used individually. It was observed that this combination treatme
 nt led to an apoptotic cell death pathway. Hence\, this study suggests a n
 ew treatment opportunity for breast cancer to enhance its effectiveness an
 d which warrants further investigation for its potential to reverse multid
 rug resistance.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6634/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6634/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Light can be fractal!
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T130000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6635@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hend SROOR (University of The Witwatersrand)\nFracta
 l is a mathematical series that manifests replicated patterns at every sca
 le. If the repeated patterns are identical in each scale\, the fractal in 
 this case is called a self-similar fractal. That type of fractal is descri
 bed by a mathematical equation which is nowhere differentiable. Fractals h
 ave found their way in applications such as fractal antennas and transisto
 rs\, digital imaging as well as fractal cosmology science.\n\nTheoretical 
 simulations show that unstable laser resonators contain a special plane\, 
 self-conjugate plane\, in which the eigenmodes not only have the same patt
 ern but the eigenmodes are magnified copies of themselves. Here\, we intro
 duce a new design for laser resonator that are capable of generating eigen
 modes with self-similar fractal features. The fractal feature is proved by
  finding a typical image of the eigenstate at different scales as well as 
 by calculating the fractal dimensions of the eigenstates.\n\nhttps://event
 s.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6635/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6635/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Structural\, morphological and Raman scattering studies of carbon 
 doped ZnO nanoparticles fabricated by pneumatic spray pyrolysis technique
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6637@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Luyolo Ntozakhe (University of Fort Hare)\nAbstract\
 n\nZinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by pneumatic spray p
 yrolysis technique (PSP) using zinc ethoxide as a precursor and tetrabutyl
 ammonium as a dopant. The morphological\, structural and optical propertie
 s of PSP synthesized un-doped and C-ZnO NPs were evaluated using SEM\, XRD
 \, HRTEM\, RS and UV-vis spectroscopy. SEM analysis has revealed that as s
 ynthesized NPs have spherical shape and the morphology of the NPs change a
 s the concentration of carbon increases. XRD analysis has revealed peaks a
 t 31.90°\, 34.50°\, 36.34°\, 47.73°\, 56.88°\, 63.04°\, 68.20°\, an
 d 77.33° belonging to the hexagonal Wurtzite ZnO crystal structure. HRTEM
  analysis has revealed the presence of spherical NPs with a NP size of (8.
 65 nm)\, (10.11 nm)\, (12.38 nm) and (13.79 nm) for the un-doped ZnO\, 0.0
 1 M C-ZnO 0.015 M C-ZnO\, and 0.025 M C-ZnO NPs respectively. Moreover the
  Selected area diffraction images displaying the fact that only the diffra
 ction planes of (101)\, (002) and (100) are responsible for the diffractio
 n pattern. RS analysis has shown prominent peaks at 434 cm-1 which is the 
 characteristic peak of E_2^2  (high) mode of the Wurtzite ZnO and the E_2^
 ((2))  (high)  has been red shifted by 4 cm-1\, as compared to that found 
 in the bulk ZnO. Raman phono shifts in C-ZnO NPs are discussed in detail. 
 The obtained results can be used for identification of phonons in Raman sp
 ectra of C-ZnO NPs.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6
 637/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6637/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Heavy-quark production vs multiplicity in small systems at LHC ene
 rgies
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T122000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6638@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Zinhle Buthelezi (iThemba LABS)\nHeavy quarks are pr
 oduced in hard parton scatterings in the initial stages of hadronic collis
 ions and are important tools for studying various aspects of QCD. Heavy-qu
 ark measurements as a function of multiplicity give insight into processes
  influencing their production in hadronic collisions at LHC energies. Also
 \, they provide a way to test the possible influence of multi-parton inter
 actions. Furthermore\, the dependence of heavy-quark production on multipl
 icity is used to test QCD theoretical models.\n\nThe ALICE Collaboration h
 as measured the production of heavy-flavour hadrons as a function of multi
 plicity in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV and in p-Pb collisions at √s_NN
  = 5.02 TeV. The measurements of heavy-quark production are performed via 
 the hadronic and semi-leptonic decay channels at mid-rapidity and the mult
 iplicity is measured at central and forward rapidity. The presentation wil
 l focus on the results obtained from these measurements and compare them t
 o theoretical model calculations\, where applicable\n\nhttps://events.saip
 .org.za/event/91/contributions/6638/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A404
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6638/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Performance of various event generators in describing multijet fin
 al states at the LHC
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6639@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Stefan von Buddenbrock (University of the Witwatersr
 and)\nAt the LHC\, the most abundant processes which take place in proton-
 proton collisions are the generation of multijet events. These final state
 s rely heavily on phenomenological models and perturbative corrections whi
 ch are not fully understood\, and yet for many physics searches at the LHC
 \, multijet processes are an important background to deal with. It is ther
 efore imperative that the modeling of multijet processes is better underst
 ood and improved. For this reason\, a study has been done with several sta
 te-of-the-art Monte Carlo event generators\, and their predictions are tes
 ted against both ATLAS and CMS data using the Rivet framework. The results
  display a mix of agreement and disagreement between the predictions and d
 ata\, depending on which variables are studied. Several points for improve
 ment on the modeling of multijet processes are stated and discussed.\n\nht
 tps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6639/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6639/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The proposed system improvements of the hydrometer calibration usi
 ng the Cuckow’s method at NMISA
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T122000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6640@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bongani Ndlovu (National Metrology Institute of Sout
 h Africa (NMISA))\nHydrometers are instruments that are used for measuring
  the density or specific gravity of liquids. NMISA uses the Cuckow’s met
 hod which is based on hydrostatic weighing to calibrate hydrometers. This 
 involves weighing the dry hydrometer in air and then in liquid. The liquid
  level is aligned with the horizontal scale of the hydrometer point to be 
 calibrated and the reference density is determined at that point to get th
 e correction for the scale. The horizontal scale setting\, vertical alignm
 ent and reference liquid density are some of the key factors that need to 
 be set and measured accurately to ensure the quality of results. The horiz
 ontal scale (point to be calibrated) is set with the assistance of a compu
 ter software and a magnifying camera. This setting also depends on how wel
 l the vertical alignment is set as the hydrometer is suspended from the ba
 lance. Distilled water (reference liquid) temperature is measured at three
  different levels and used to determine the liquid density at the time of 
 measurement. In this work\, we discuss the setup for the hydrometer system
  at NMISA with the main idea being to highlight the required improvements 
 that still need to be implemented and to address all the uncertainty contr
 ibutions associated with this system. We also report some results found fo
 r hydrometers calibrated at the minimum and maximum points of their respec
 tive scales using the current system. Three hydrometers with scale ranges 
 of 0.600 – 0.700 g/ml\, 0.700 – 0.800 g/ml and 0.800 – 0.900 g/ml we
 re calibrated at a temperature of 20 °C. The uncertainty of measurement w
 as found to be ±0.001 g/ml.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contri
 butions/6640/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6640/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The energy transfer between Gadolinium (Gd3+) ion and Cerium (Ce3+
 ) ion
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6641@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Thabang Johannes Nkosi (University of Johannesburg)\
 nThe series of Ca3(PO4)2 powder with Gd3+ ion were synthesized using combu
 stion method. The powder phosphor has two sets which are as prepared (at 6
 00±250C) and annealed (1000±50C). The concentration of the Gd3+ ion was 
 varied from 0.0 to 7.0 mol %. The characterization techniques used are X-r
 ay diffraction (XRD)\, photoluminescence (PL)\, Ultra-violet visible spect
 roscopy (UV-Vis)\, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)\, Scanning elect
 ron microscopy and Energy X-ray Dispersive Spectroscopy(SEM-EDS). XRD was 
 used to confirm Ca3(PO4)2 is rhombohedral structure. PL shows when Ca3-x(P
 O4)2: xGd3+ excited 274 nm and it emit at 313nm (narrow band for photother
 apy use). The EDS confirm the present of elements in the samples. The part
 icle morphologies of the series of Ca3(PO4)2 phosphors were investigated b
 y using the SEM. The possible application will be mercury free lamp for ph
 ototherapy.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6641/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6641/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Mode Division Multiplexing mixing Different Orthogonal Bases
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6642@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mitchell Cox (University of the Witwatersrand)\nMode
  Division Multiplexing (MDM) is an emerging technology which harnesses the
  spatial degree of freedom of laser beams to significantly increase the ov
 erall capacity of optical communication systems. Current research typicall
 y focusses on the use of Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM)\, however\, MDM re
 search has also been done into the use of orthogonal Laguerre-Gaussian (LG
 ) or Hermite-Gaussian (HG) modes\, which have two transverse degrees of fr
 eedom. In this work\, orthogonal combinations of LG and HG modes are used 
 for MDM as well as a novel application for increasing the resilience of fr
 ee-space MDM links.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6
 642/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6642/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The effect of annealing temperature on morphology and structural p
 roperties of TiO2 nanotubes membranes.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6643@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mpheleki Lupiwana (University of Fort Hare)\nAbstrac
 t\nIn this work\, we present a simple electrochemical approach to obtain l
 arge-area free-standing TiO2 nanotube (TNT) membranes\, via anodic oxidati
 on of pure Ti metal sheets. The highly ordered vertically oriented TNTs we
 re characterized by SEM-EDS\, XRD\, CRM and AFM. SEM-EDS analysis confirms
  the presence of Ti and O-species in the as-prepared free-standing TNTs la
 yer in significant amount. CRM has confirmed the presence of only Anatase 
 phase TiO2 with Raman vibration modes at 144.37 cm-1\, 199.04 cm-1\, 399.6
 7 cm-1\, 516.16 cm-1 and 639.29 cm-1. The intensity of XRD peaks increases
  with the increase in heat treatment and better crystallinity occurs at hi
 gher temperatures. SEM and AFM analysis has revealed the presence of porou
 s structure on the fabricated membranes. The study focused on the effect o
 f annealing temperature on TNTs crystalline structure. Results showed that
  smooth surface and high aspect ratio TNTs were successfully fabricated.\n
 \nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6643/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6643/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Non-reversal Open Quantum Walks
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6644@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hazmatally Goolam Hossen (UKZN)\nA model of non-reve
 rsal quantum walk is introduced. In such a walk\, the walker cannot go bac
 k to previously visited sites but it can stay on the same site or move to 
 a new site. The process is introduced on a line using the formalism of Ope
 n Quantum Walks (OQWs). Afterwards\, the non-reversal OQW is demonstrated 
 in 2D. The ``quantum coin'' used consists of Kraus operators\, each repres
 enting one direction. Examples of some trajectories and distributions are 
 given. An interesting relationship is formulated between the radius of the
  spread and the number of steps of the walk. The results are compared with
  the ordinary OQW and the classical Self-Avoiding Walk.\n\nhttps://events.
 saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6644/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6644/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Multiplexing of a densely-packed set of spatial modes
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6645@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: NKOSIPHILE ANDILE BHEBHE (UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATER
 SRAND)\nStructured or custom optical fields have become useful tools for r
 esearch and other technological applications. Of particular interest in ma
 ny of these applications is the simultaneous generation of multiple beams 
 (multiplexing). Technological advances have provided computer-controlled d
 evices capable of generating a great variety of beam shapes that can be mu
 ltiplexed and controlled individually. In principle\, the number of multip
 lexed beams can be infinite\, limited only by the resolution of the genera
 ting device. Ultimately\, this limitation translates in the decay of the b
 eam quality\, a disadvantage that has not yet been fully explored. Here\, 
 we investigate on the beam quality as function of the number of multiplexe
 d modes to provide an upper bound to the maximum number of modes that can 
 be multiplexed on a  spatial light modulator with a resolution of 1920 × 
 1080. To find an upper bound we computed the correlation between the exper
 imentally and theoretically generated modes as function of the number of m
 ultiplexed modes. These results can be of potential interest in the contex
 t of classical and quantum optical communication and optical trapping.\n\n
 https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6645/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6645/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Production of the Madala boson in association with top quarks
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T082000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6646@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Stefan von Buddenbrock (University of the Witwatersr
 and)\nThe Madala hypothesis is the prediction of a new heavy scalar\, the 
 Madala boson\, that has had previous success in explaining several anomali
 es in LHC Run 1 and 2 data. In the literature\, the Madala boson has so fa
 r primarily been discussed in the context of its dominant production mode\
 , gluon fusion. However\, it can be shown that a study of its production i
 n association with top quarks can provide us with crucial information abou
 t the model\, as well as explain the enhancement of top associates Higgs p
 roduction that has been observed in the data -- most notably in leptonic c
 hannels. For this study\, Monte Carlo events have been produced and passed
  through a detector simulation. These events are then run through every av
 ailable analysis that studies top associated Higgs production by the ATLAS
  and CMS collaborations. With the Madala hypothesis prediction\, an effect
 ive signal strength is calculated and compared with the observed values.\n
 \nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6646/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A404
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6646/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:DST Feedback Session
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T134000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6647@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Markus Boettcher (North-West University)\nhttps://ev
 ents.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6647/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6647/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Non-specialist talk - Extragalactic Science with H.E.S.S.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6648@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Markus Boettcher (North-West University)\nThis talk 
 provides a general introduction of the High Energy Stereoscopic\nSystem (H
 .E.S.S.)\, the world's largest ground-based gamma-ray observatory\,\nlocat
 ed near Windhoek\, Namibia. I will then present some highlights of\nextrag
 alactic science done with H.E.S.S.\, including the study of active\ngalact
 ic nuclei\, rapid follow-up observations of transients (including\ngamma-r
 ay bursts)\, the search for signatures of dark-matter annihilation\,\nand 
 the study of physics beyond the standard model.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org
 .za/event/91/contributions/6648/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6648/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Division Meeting
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6649@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6649/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6649/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Mapping  the effects of thermal gradients  for correction of  refr
 active index variation inside the lunar laser ranging telescope tube
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6650@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tsele Philemon (University of Pretoria)\nInvestigati
 ng the magnitude of air temperature variation inside the Lunar Laser Range
 r (LLR) telescope tube is important for determining the varying refractive
  index and divergence angle of the emitted laser beam along the optical ax
 is. Such investigation is important for the operational performance of opt
 ical laser telescopes\, particularly the LLR one-meter aperture telescope 
 that is under development at the Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observator
 y (HartRAO) which is expected to achieve sub-centimeter range precision to
  the Moon\, for enhanced tests of Earth-Moon system dynamics. In particula
 r\, this study presents analysis of the inside-tube air temperature variat
 ion along the optical axis of the LLR tube assembly model as a result of p
 re-set ambient temperature and wind conditions that are representative of 
 the HartRAO site. Results show that with ambient temperature and wind spee
 d of 30 °C and 8 km/h respectively\; air temperature decreases from the i
 nner-tube surface (~29.95 °C) toward the tube center (~28.95°C) with reg
 ional temperature variations of about 0.1 °C occurring in a radial manner
  over a time period of an hour. The results of the simulations indicate  t
 hat larger variation in the refractive indices occurs closer to the second
 ary mirror. Furthermore\, we report on the refractive indices and divergen
 ce angle estimated for different temperatures along the tube optical path.
  These findings indicate that the variation of the index of refraction mus
 t be compensated in areas away from the primary mirror. This has significa
 nt implications for providing options for active thermal mechanisms for th
 e tube assembly.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6650
 /
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6650/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Spectroscopy of proton unbound states in 32Cl.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T122000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6663@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mohamed Kamil (University of the Western Cape)\nThe 
 study of proton unbound states in 32Cl is important both in the context of
  nuclear structure and astrophysics. In this presentation we discuss the r
 esults from a recent experiment study of such states using the 32S(3He\,t)
  reaction and the K600 spectrometer at iThemba LABS. Unbound protons from 
 recoiling 32Cl nuclei were detected using the CAKE silicon array placed up
 stream of the target\, while an attempt was made to detect weak gamma-rays
  from the relevant states using an array of NaI detectors.\n\nhttps://even
 ts.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6663/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6663/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Cross section measurements of light ion production using (p\,xp) a
 nd (p\,xn) reactions
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6651@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Doris Kenfack (University of Stellenbosch)\nNeutron-
 rich beams are being developed at iThemba LABS to study nuclear structure 
 away from the stability. This is also the opportunity of deepening our und
 erstanding of astrophysical origin of elements. The primary beam is expect
 ed to be an intense 70 MeV proton beam. Several techniques using proton in
 duced reactions have been developed to produce exotic nuclei. The interest
  of using (p\,xp) and (p\,xn) reactions lies in the fact that proton beams
  have a large penetrating power and can be produced with high intensity. S
 ome preliminary measurements were performed at iThemba LABS using\, 7Li\, 
 9Be and natB targets with protons projectiles of energy 66 MeV. The nuclid
 es of interest 6He\, 8Li and 9Li were identified. Further cross section me
 asurements are planned using a beam chopper being installed at iThemba LAB
 S. The detection setup includes two electron spectrometers composed of a 5
 mm thick plastic scintillator\, for energy loss measurement\, and a thin w
 indow Gemanium detector (LEPS) for residual energy measurement. The E-Delt
 aE technique with this combination of detectors allows particle identifica
 tion and high-resolution measurement simultaneously. The results of this i
 nvestigation will be used to evaluate the feasibility of light neutron ric
 h beams at iThemba LABS.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributi
 ons/6651/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6651/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Divisional Meeting of Nuclear\, Particle\, and Radiation Physics
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T141000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T151000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6652@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Simon Mullins (iThemba LABS (Gauteng))\nhttps://even
 ts.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6652/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6652/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Nuclear Physics with High Power Lasers at ELI-NP facility
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6653@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Florin Negoita (ELI-NP)\nELI-NP facility\, the Nucle
 ar Physics pillar of the Extreme Light Infracture under construction in Eu
 rope\, will host a High Power Laser System delivering two laser beam with 
 powers up to 10 PW and a Gamma Beam System providing high intensity\, narr
 ow bandwidth\, gamma ray of tunable energy up to 20 MeV. The current achiv
 ements on proton and heavy ions acceleration with exiting 1 PW laser facil
 ities will be review and expected improvements using 10 PW laser pulses wi
 ll be presented. The high particle density and short duration of laser acc
 elerated ion bunches are advantages that enable new methods for the study 
 of nuclear structure and reactions compared to ion beams produced with cla
 ssical accelerators. The changes of reaction cross sections or of apparent
  lifetimes in hot plasma environments\, new techniques for heavy unstable 
 nuclei ion production are examples that will be detailed in the presentati
 on as well as posible applications such as medical radioisotope production
 . The technological chalanges of these studies will be adrressed too.\n\nh
 ttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6653/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6653/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:High Power Laser System at the  Extreme Light Infrastructure – N
 uclear  Physics
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6654@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ioan Dancus (ELI-NP)\nExtreme Light Infrastructure 
 – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP) will be a new Center for Scientific Research 
 to be built by the National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering (
 IFIN-HH) in Bucharest-Magurele\, Romania. The Extreme Light Infrastructure
  was included in the 2006 Roadmap of the European Strategic Forum for Rese
 arch Infrastructure (ESFRI). ELI-NP is a complex facility which will host 
 two state-of- the-art machines of high performance\, unique in the world t
 hrough the design parameters: a very high intensity laser system with two 
 10 PW laser beams (HPLS)\, and a very intense\, brilliant γ beam (GBS). \
 n\nThe ELI-NP HPLS is a Ti:Sapphire\, hybrid CPA system and it has six opt
 ical outputs: two 0.1 PWoutputs running at 10 Hz repetition rate\, two 1PW
  outputs running at 1 Hz and two 10 PW outputs running at 1 shot per minut
 e. This laser system is produced by a consortium formed by THALES Optronic
 s and THALES Systems Romania. The Laser Beam Delivery (LBD) system interfa
 ces the HPLS with the Nuclear Physics facility and with the experiments. I
 t comprises the optical output delivery\, laser pulse adaption on demand\,
  pulse quality management\, and electronic synchronization of the HPLS wit
 h the GBS and with the experiments. During my presentation\, I will concen
 trate on the HPLS description and integration in the ELI-NP facility.\n\nh
 ttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6654/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6654/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Non-specialist talk - Cool science does not have low kinetic energ
 y
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6655@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:In a recent interview\, Stirling Prize winning Architect Amand
 a Levete said that when she was young\, in the sixties\, being naughty was
  considered cool but in the 21st Century it is cool to be clever.  It is c
 ontended in this paper that there are different kinds of ‘clever’.  In
  the age of Google \, we argue\, it is not fact knowledge but rather creat
 ive problem solving that attracts a student to science.  We review a numbe
 r of example activities in Newtonian mechanics\, chemical dynamics and gas
  laws  and show ways in which a particular experimental structure can capt
 ivate a student’s imagination. We conclude with a short philosophical di
 scussion on the need for an educational paradigm shift in 2017\, where\, a
 s it is remarked at ShiftHappens.com : we are now educating students to so
 lve problems we don’t have\, to do jobs that don’t exist and to use te
 chnology that has not been invented.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/9
 1/contributions/6655/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6655/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Wolfram Mathematica - a practical toolset for applied and experime
 ntal physics
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T132000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T134000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6656@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Clemens Dempers (Blue Stallion Technologies)\nWolfra
 m Mathematica\, and the Wolfram Language offers a wide range of integrated
  tools that can accelerate research and teaching by rapid modeling.  With 
 many universities in South Africa having Wolfram site licenses\, it is imp
 ortant to make physics students and lecturers aware that they have access 
 to a varied and powerful toolset. The author will present practical intera
 ctive applications including monitoring environmental data\, importing dat
 a from sensors\, interactive curve fitting and automating data collection.
 \n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6656/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6656/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A  study on effects of geomagnetic extreme events in the middle at
 mosphere using Space-Borne Satellite and SuperDARN.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6664@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Adila Wamisho Tire (University of KwaZulu-Natal\, NA
 SSP node)\nGeomagnetic extreme events are geophysical phenomenons observed
  as a result of Sun’s violent eruptive nature. As the Sun is the main dr
 iving factor of the atmosphere\, there are vast number of works made to un
 derstand and explain the overall effects in dynamics\, reaction and compos
 itions of the atmosphere. But\, due to the complexity of the interaction i
 n the atmosphere it remains less understood. Events based studies help to 
 easy the studies of the effects of geomagnetic storms in the middle atmosp
 here\, this work presents effects of extreme storm events in the Mesospher
 e and Lower Thermosphere (MLT). A number of geomagnetic storm events are i
 dentified from satellite observations for this studies.  Energetic particl
 es precipitation data into the atmosphere\, associated with storm events w
 hich may affect the atmospheric temperature and composition\, obtained fro
 m NOAA Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellites (POES) measurements. SuperD
 ARN\, South African National Antarctic Expedition IV (SANAE IV) and its vi
 cinity riometer data which are located in the Southern Hemisphere are empl
 oyed to estimate ionospheric responses and conventions\, and absorptions. 
 Results show that extreme geomagnetic storms coupled with intensified ener
 gy absorption and possible middle atmosphere heating from the energy trans
 port model calculations\, which agrees with a number of well established r
 esults.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6664/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6664/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Influence of oxygen partial pressures on the structural and lumine
 scence properties of pulsed laser deposited (Y-Gd)3 Al5O12:Ce3+  thin film
 s
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6657@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: PETER CHERUIYOT KORIR (University of the Free State)
 \nKey words: Yttrium Gadolinium Aluminate\; Oxygen pressure\; Photolumines
 cence\; Crystal field.\nAbstract: Yttrium Gadolinium Aluminate doped with 
 Cerium (Y-Gd)3 Al5 O12: Ce3+) thin films were grown on silicon wafer subst
 rate by pulsed laser deposition technique (PLD) under oxygen atmospheres a
 nd substrate temperature of 300 °C during the film deposition process. Th
 e effect of oxygen partial pressures on the structural and luminescence pr
 operties of the as-deposited thin films were analyzed. XRD pattern showed 
 that with increasing oxygen background gas pressure\, the peaks in the dir
 ection (420) shifted to higher two theta angles as compared to the powder 
 samples. This could be attributed to induced crystal field effects on the 
 host due to the different ionic sizes of Gd3+(r =105 nm) compared with Y3+
 (r =102 nm).  Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed that oxygen bac
 kground gas pressure affected the morphology of the films.  The photolumin
 escence (PL) emission spectra showed a broad band emission ranging from 47
 0 to 600 nm with a maximum at 545 nm when excited with 467 nm UV due to th
 e 4f-5d electronic transition of Ce3+ attributed to the delocalization of 
 electrons from the lowest 5d level to the crystal field split 4f (2F5/2\, 
 2F7/2) levels of Ce3+. A slight shift in the wavelength of the PL spectra 
 was observed from the thin films when compared to the PL spectra of the ph
 osphor in powder form. The PL intensities of the films are generally low i
 n all the (Y-Gd)3 Al5 O12: Ce3+) thin films samples compared to those of t
 he powder. \nReference:  [1] S. Dlamini\, H. C. Swart\, J. J. Terblans\, O
 . M. Ntwaeaborwa\, Solid State Sci 2013\; 23: 65–71.\n\nhttps://events.s
 aip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6657/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6657/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Computational Modelling Study on Stability of Li-S/Se System
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T103000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T105000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6658@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Cliffton Masedi (UL/CSIR)\nLi-ion batteries have tra
 nsformed portable electronics and will play a key role in the electrificat
 ion of transport. However\, the highest energy storage possible for Li-ion
  batteries is insufficient for the long-term needs of society. Here we con
 sider a study on rechargeable lithium−sulfur (Li−S) batteries which ho
 ld great potential for high-performance energy storage systems because the
 y have a high theoretical specific energy\, low cost\, and are eco-friendl
 y.  This work employs computational modelling methods to explore stability
 \, structural and electronic properties of discharge products formed in th
 e Li-S/Se battery\, especially Li2S/Se\, which has potential to offer high
 er theoretical specific energy and remedies the challenges that Li-S batte
 ry encounters. First principle methods were used to calculate thermodynami
 c properties of Li2S and Li2Se\, which agreed with available experimental 
 results. A cluster expansion technique generated new stable phases of Li2S
 /Se system and Monte Carlo simulations determined concentration and temper
 ature ranges in which the systems mix. Interatomic Born Meyer potential mo
 dels for Li2S and Li2Se were derived and validated and used to explore hig
 h temperature structural and transport properties of Li2S/Se.\n\nhttps://e
 vents.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6658/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6658/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Influence of pH value on the material properties of the ZnO nanost
 ructures using various solvents at constant temperature
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6659@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Francis Dejene (University of the Free State)\nKey w
 ords: Semiconductor\, pH\, ZnO nanoparticles\, blue emmision\nAbstract: Zn
 O nanoparticles were prepared by sol-gel process using various solvents. T
 he sol-gel process is inexpensive\, reliable\, repeatable and simple. In t
 his paper\, we report the role of pH value on the structural and optical p
 roperties of ZnO nanoparticles. NaOH was used to vary the pH values of the
  precursors from 10 to 13.6. It is known that the nanoparticles are highly
  sensitive to surface environments such as water\, moisture\, humidity\, p
 H and solvents. The pH affects the hydrolysis and condensation behavior of
  the solution during gel formation and therefore influences the material p
 roperties of of the ZnO. SEM micrographs for the ZnO prepared using ethano
 l and methanol shows the agglomerated spherical ZnO nanoparticles of diffe
 rent sizes that are closely packed. The XRD patterns reveled wurtzite stru
 cture with three major peaks corresponding to (100)\, (002)\, and (101) pl
 anes which are indexed as JCPDS card no. 36-1451. The PL spectra display b
 road blue emissions that varied in intensity depending on the pH of the so
 lution while peak position never changed. The UV absorption spectra of the
  ZnO prepared using methanol show a band edge around 248 nm and a weak ban
 d at around 282 nm for the pH values from 10.06 to 13.34. It is observed f
 rom the band gap spectra that when the pH value is 13.54\, the band gap de
 creases but increases for the pH values between 10.06 and 13.34. \n\nRefer
 ence:  [1] K. J. Lee\, MSc thesis\, Texas A&M University\, 2005\n\nhttps:/
 /events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6659/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6659/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Elastic properties of chalcogenide based phase change memories by 
 surface Brillouin scattering
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170707T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6660@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Daniel Wamwangi (wits university)\nChalcogenide base
 d alloys continue to be intensively investigated as suitable candidates fo
 r universal memory applications. This is driven by their fast and reversib
 le phase transitions (ns) and their scalability potential. Phase   In this
  work the acoustic hardening of chalcogenide thin films on (100) Si is inv
 estigated to establish the changes in the bulk and shear modulus in the am
 orphous and crystalline phase by surface Brillouin scattering. X-ray Refle
 ctometry has been used to extract film thickness and density requisite par
 ameters for simulation of velocity dispersion curves. Surface Brillouin st
 udies phase change samples have shown the Rayleigh surface acoustic wave a
 nd higher order guided modes thus indicating a case of a slow on fast film
  substrate configuration. The low surface roughness has been determined by
  X-ray Reflectometry to be less than 0.2nm for all the films. Applying the
  elastodynamic surface Green function approach determined the c11 and c44 
 in the range 40-30 GPa and 15 -10 GPa respectively.\n\nhttps://events.saip
 .org.za/event/91/contributions/6660/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6660/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The effect of annealing temperature on the structure and luminesce
 nce of Zn2V2O7 prepared by sol-gel method
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6661@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Francis Dejene (University of the Free State)\nKey w
 ords: Vanadate\, Crystallinity\, Thermogravimetric \nAbstract: The zinc va
 nadate (Zn2V2O7) phosphor was prepared by a sol-gel method followed by ann
 ealing at temperatures between 700 ℃ - 850 ℃. The effect of annealing 
 temperature on the structure and photoluminescence of Zn2V2O7 was investig
 ated. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed the single monoclinic pha
 se of Zn2V2O7 [1]. The crystallinity of the Zn2V2O7 phosphor improved whil
 e the full width at half-maximum of (022) XRD peak was decreased with the 
 increase in annealing temperature. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) show
 s grain size increase with the increase in annealing temperature\, which i
 s due to the crystallinity of Zn2V2O7. Thermal behaviour of the Zn2V2O7 ph
 osphor was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differenti
 al scanning calorimetry (DSC). TGA results showed a total weight loss of 6
 5.3% when temperature was risen from 35 ℃ to 500 ℃. The photoluminesce
 nce (PL) emission spectra of annealed Zn2V2O7 powders showed a broadband e
 mission from 400 nm to 800 nm. The PL intensity enhanced as the annealing 
 temperature was increased\, resulting to an improvement of the crystallini
 ty. PL emission peaks shift from green emission towards a yellow emission.
  \n\nReference:  [1] P. Y. Zavalij\, F. Zhang and M. Stanley Whittingham\,
  Solid State Sciences\, 4  (2002) 591–597.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za
 /event/91/contributions/6661/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6661/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:High precision branching ratio measurement in <sup>19</sup>Ne beta
  decay
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6665@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bernadette Rebeiro (University of the Western Cape)\
 nAt present there are several large scale experiments ongoing world-wide t
 hat aim to find experimental evidence of physics beyond the standard model
  (SM). Most of these experiments involve either deep underground low-backg
 round measurements or high-energy collider physics. An alternative method 
 to look for signatures of new physics is via precision tests of  fundament
 al symmetries assumed in the  model. Precise measurements of observables s
 uch as decay rates and angular correlations in nuclear beta decays can be 
 used to stringently test the assumed symmetries in the SM  and to probe fo
 r exotic couplings\, beyond the established V-A (vector – axial vector) 
 picture of weak interactions. \n\nIn this presentation\, we describe the a
 nalysis of data from a previous experiment performed at TRIUMF (Canada's N
 ational Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics) to obtain the superal
 lowed branching ratio for the beta decay of 19Ne to 19F using a radioactiv
 e ion beam. Together with a  previously measured beta asymmetry parameter\
 , the implications of our result pertaining to searches for  right-handed 
 weak interactions will be briefly discussed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za
 /event/91/contributions/6665/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6665/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Structure-property correlation of thin films for energy applicatio
 ns
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6666@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Adam Shnier (University of Witwatersrand)\nSouth Afr
 ica and the rest of the world have the challenge of a rapidly growing dema
 nd for energy. This leads us to seek out a low cost\, high efficiency tech
 nology for energy generation which is easily scalable\, such as hybrid org
 anic-inorganic perovskite (HOIP) as well as other thin film energy materia
 ls.  [1\,2\,3\,4] HOIPs are held back by their limited stability\, to whic
 h incremental progress has been made in literature.  [3\,4\,5\,6\,7]  As a
  preliminary study we investigated some HOIP devices and the thin films th
 ey are composed of\, using X-Ray Reflectometry (XRR) and Electrochemical I
 mpedance Spectroscopy (EIS)\, among other techniques for correlation betwe
 en transport and structural properties. For a layered device XRR provides 
 an interference pattern that is modeled to determine layer thickness\, rou
 ghness and density. EIS can provide information about the impedance of the
  layers and the interfaces within a device\; this is also determined by de
 veloping an appropriate model. This information can then be correlated to 
 physical characteristics and/or processes. Selected results from our studi
 es to date will be posted.\n\nReferences\n[1]    Christians J A\, Miranda 
 Herrera P A\, Kamat P V 2015 Journal of the American Chemical Society 137 
 1530–1538\n[2]    Krebs F C\, Tromholt T\, Jorgensen M 2010 Nanoscale 2 
 873-886\n[3]    Song Z\, Watthage S C\, Phillips A B\, Heben M J 2016 Jour
 nal of Photonics for Energy 6(2) 022001-022001\n[4]    Tan H\, Jain A\, Vo
 znyy O\, Lan X\, de Arquer FP\, Fan JZ\, Quintero-Bermudez R\, Yuan M\, Zh
 ang B\, Zhao Y\, Fan F. 2017 Science 17 355(6326) 722-726.\n[5]    Yang J\
 , Siempelkamp B D\, Liu D\, Kelly T L 2015 ACS Nano 9.2 1955-1963\n[6]    
 Zheng F\, Saldana-Greco D\, Liu S\, Rappe A M 2015 The journal of physical
  chemistry letters 6 4862–4872\n[7]    Raga S R\, Jung M-C\, Lee M V\, L
 eyden M R\, Kato Y\, Qi Y 2015 Chemistry of Materials 27.5 1597-1603\n\nht
 tps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6666/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6666/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Coupling of single neutron configuration to collective core excita
 tions in <sup>162</sup>Yb using <sup>163</sup>Yb
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6667@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Makuhane Sithole (University of the Western Cape)\nI
 n odd-nuclei the single nucleon can couple to collective excitations of it
 s even-even core nucleus. These collective excitations lie within the pair
 ing gap and are therefore the lowest energy excitations of the core. Our p
 hysics motivation is to search for structures where an odd neutron couples
  to collective excitations of the 162Yb core. We also intend to search for
  high-K structures in this nucleus. The experiment 152Sm(16O\,5n)163Yb at 
 Elab = 93 MeV was performed to study 163Yb at iThemba LABS. The gamma-deca
 ys from the reaction products have been detected using the AFRODITE gamma-
 ray spectrometer equipped with 8 escape-suppressed clover detectors. After
  a comprehensive analysis\, the level scheme of 163Yb has been extended an
 d new bands have been established in this current work\, in particular the
  band based on the ground state has been built up to spin 43/2- . A High-K
  band has been established in the current work for the first time in this 
 nucleus. An additional 16 new states in 163Yb were observed and all decay 
 to the Yrast band. DCO and polarization analysis were performed to determi
 ne the spin and parity of new levels. The Cranked Shell Model was used for
  comparison of experimental data in this work.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.
 za/event/91/contributions/6667/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6667/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Discovery of a Shock Front in the merging cluster of galaxies ACO2
 163
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6668@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: NCEBA MHLAHLO (WITS UNIVERSITY)\nACO2163 is one of t
 he hottest Abell galaxy clusters which has been observed countless times t
 hrough different wavelengths and has always shown remarkable properties. W
 e report a detection of a shock front in ACO2163 through the use of the X-
 ray and radio observations which were combined to determine the shock loca
 tion in relation to the radio emission and other specific parameters inher
 ent to the shock front. We used XMM-Newton observations and extracted spec
 tra to determine the luminosity and temperature in the area around the edg
 e of the cluster. From a temperature jump we obtain a Mach number of 2.2±
 0.3\, which is a typical value for shocks in merging galaxy clusters. \nTh
 e radio study has been conducted using the VLA data where we have done a s
 pectral analysis of the halo region. We find that the south-western region
  of the cluster where the shock is located is globally flat\, indicating t
 he presence of energised electrons in this region.\nTo explain the electro
 ns at the shock we invoke the Kang & Ryu model where shock acceleration oc
 curs in a cloud of fossil relativistic electrons which can be provided by 
 a radio galaxy.\nInterestingly\, we observe a radio galaxy in the region o
 f the shock. If the shock is interacting with the electron cloud then the 
 shock is currently re-accelerating the fossil relativistic electrons in th
 e cloud\, and will exit out of the cloud at cloud crossing time of ∼54 M
 yr.\nAnother alternative explanation suggests a complex scenario in ACO216
 3 where a simultaneous compression and re-acceleration of pre-existing rel
 ativistic fossil electrons at the shock location could be taking place. We
  also consider simpler alternatives to explain the shock accelerated elect
 rons.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6668/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6668/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:An Investigation of Synchronisation Techniques for a Handheld QKD 
 Device
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T145000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T151000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6669@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Marco Mariola (UKZN)\nThe importance of cryptography
  has become more prevalent in contemporary communication and the commercia
 l use of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is now a realistic option for fibr
 e networks. Long-range\, free-space QKD and miniaturised\, personal QKD de
 vices are emerging fields of research aiming towards future commercial use
 . Previously\, a handheld QKD device was developed using the COW protocol 
 to exchange the encryption key between the sender and receiver [1]. An opt
 ical synchronisation system was developed for the handheld device establis
 hing real time synchronisation between the sender and receiver. \n\nThis p
 aper will investigate the viability of other synchronisation techniques ap
 propriate for a handheld QKD device. The first technique will use asynchro
 nous communication to establish communication between the sender and recei
 ver. The second technique will use a radio channel to establish synchronis
 ation\, based on the methods designed in [2]. The tracking capabilities of
  the radio synchronisation method will assist a handheld QKD device in est
 ablishing a connection between devices that are not pre-aligned.\n\n[1] Pi
 llay\, S.\, Mariola\, M.\, Mirza\, A. and Petruccione\, F.\, Handheld QKD 
 device using the COW protocol\, in The Proceedings of the 60th Annual Conf
 erence of the South African Institute of Physics (SAIP2015)(ADDENDUM)\, ed
 ited by Makaiko Chithambo (RU) and André Venter (NMMU) (2015)\, pp. 29 - 
 35. ISBN: 978-0-620-70714-5.\n\n[2] Mariola\, M.\, Mirza\, A. and Petrucci
 one\, F.\, Quantum cryptography for satellite communication\, in Proceedin
 gs of SAIP2011\, the 56th Annual Conference of the South African Institute
  of Physics\, edited by I. Basson and A.E. Botha (University of South Afri
 ca\, Pretoria\, 2011)\, pp. 403 - 408. ISBN: 978-1-86888-688-3.\n\nhttps:/
 /events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6669/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6669/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Characterisation of sol-gel fabricated p-NiO/n-ZnO heterojunction
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6670@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bernard Mwakemwa (UP)\, Jacqueline Nel (UP)\, Shadra
 ch Akinkuade (UP)\, Walter Meyer (UP)\nZinc oxide nanorods were deposited 
 on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass and silicon substrates\, nickel oxi
 de layer of 400 nm was deposited on the nanorods thereby forming a heteroj
 unction between p-type nickel oxide and n-type zinc oxide thin films. The 
 junction was characterised using x-ray diffraction (XRD)\, UV-visible spec
 troscopy\, and scanning electron microscope. The current-voltage (I-V) cha
 racteristic of the junction was also investigated with and without ultra v
 iolet (UV) illumination.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributi
 ons/6670/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6670/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Properties of photoactive organic/inorganic hyrbrid thin films for
  solar cell applications
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6671@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sfiso khanyile (University of Western Cape / NMISA)\
 nPhotoactive organic/inorganic hybrid thin films have been fabricated by s
 pin coating a mixture of polymer/fullerene blended with silicon nanowires 
 at different volume ratios. The main challenge faced by organic solar cell
 s is poor stability leading to premature degradation of solar cell morphol
 ogy and electronic properties which result in poor efficiencies. The incor
 poration of n type Si NWs into organic thin films enhances properties and 
 improves stability of such films.\nSurface morphology analysis of the hybr
 id thin films using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy ex
 hibited a nonhomogeneous thin film with evenly distributed Si NWs which fo
 rm random clusters. Structural information obtained from the grazing incid
 ence XRD showed minimal peak shifting and an increase in lattice strain wi
 th varying Si NW ratios. Chemical analysis from X-ray photoelectron spectr
 oscopy did not show the presence of Si due to sensitivity limitations. The
  UV-Vis absorption of the hybrid thin films was found to improve with the 
 addition of Si NWs while the photoluminescence increased due to the porous
  and highly defective nature of the MACE Si NWs. Hall-effect measurements 
 on the samples showed improved mobility and conductivity of the hybrid thi
 n films.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6671/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6671/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Infrastructure development for single beam Coherent Anti-Stokes Ra
 man Spectroscopy
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6672@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ruan Viljoen (Stellenbosch University)\nSupercontinu
 um pulses produced by a polarisation maintaining all-normal dispersion pho
 tonic crystal fibre (ANDi-PCF) can be used to probe Raman active molecules
  and produce anti-Stokes Raman scattered light in a single beam setup. Thi
 s supercontinuum is compressed and pumps and probes the sample ‘simultan
 eously’. In this poster\, we present the experimental setup used to perf
 orm such Raman measurements. The setup comprises the supercontinuum genera
 tion in the ANDi-PCF\, the pulse compression and spectrum manipulation usi
 ng a spatial light modulator in a 4f-shaper\, as well as the microscope us
 ed to probe the sample.  We compare and combine different methods of probi
 ng the vibrational spectra of BBO and Cyclohexane by modulating the amplit
 ude\, phase and\, polarisation of the supercontinuum pulses. The obtained 
 spectra are compared with literature values.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za
 /event/91/contributions/6672/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6672/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Measurements of gamma-ray production cross sections of proton beam
 s at energies of 80-125 MeV with a natural calcium target.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T082000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T084000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6673@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ayanda Kunyana (University of Zululand)\nGamma-ray p
 roduction cross sections were measured for strong gamma-ray lines excited 
 in the proton bombardment of a calcium target. The cross sections were obt
 ained for the reaction natCa(p\, pγ)40Ca\, with a  proton beam in the ene
 rgy range from 80 MeV to 125 MeV delivered by the SSC cyclotron at iThemba
  LABS. The gamma-rays were detected with the high-purity Ge detectors of t
 he AFRODITE array in the angular range from 90 to 168 degrees. We extracte
 d  excitation functions for these reactions for the first time. The result
 s for the cross sections and their importance for astrophysics and  medica
 l therapy will be discussed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contri
 butions/6673/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A406
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6673/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Single beam Supercontinuum Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Spectroscopy
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T132000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T134000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6674@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ruan Viljoen (Stellenbosch University)\nA number of 
 different techniques utilizing a coherent supercontinuum from a photonic c
 rystal fibre to produce a single-beam coherent anti-stokes Raman scatterin
 g (CARS) signals from a variety of samples have been demonstrated. In this
  presentation\, we compare some of these techniques\, employing amplitude\
 , phase\, and polarisation modulation techniques on our supercontinuum pul
 se to produce single beam CARS signals.  The supercontinuum used in these 
 measurements is produced in a polarisation maintaining all-normal dispersi
 on photonic crystal fibre\, which is characterised and compressed through 
 an iterative pulse characterisation technique. We compare Raman spectra fr
 om BBO and Cyclohexane to literature values to test which of these methods
  produce the best signal to noise ratio.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/eve
 nt/91/contributions/6674/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6674/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Investigation of corrosion resistant nanocrystalline TiZrN layers 
 deposited on ZIRLO
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6675@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hlanganani Nyembe (Centre for HRTEM\, Physics Depart
 ment\, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University\, Port Elizabeth)\nZirconium
 -based alloys (zircaloy and Zirlo) are used as nuclear fuel rod cladding i
 n water-cooled nuclear reactors. Since zircaloy is oxidized by steam\, whi
 ch results in the release of hydrogen and the formation of brittle zirconi
 um hydrides\, the application of thin coatings on zircaloy to protect its 
 surface from corrosion and reaction with hydrogen is currently enjoying co
 nsiderable interest. Nanocrystalline TiZrN coatings have promising corrosi
 on resistance characteristics and were therefore investigated as potential
  corrosion resistant coating on zirconium alloys. The nanocrystalline TiZr
 N coating was deposited onto a Zirlo substrate by cathodic arc physical va
 por deposition (CA-PVD). A Helios NanoLab FIB was used to cut TEM lamellae
  from specific areas and these were investigated in a 200 kV JEOL 2100 TEM
 . The microstructural examination revealed that the coating exhibited a si
 ngle TiZrN phase with columnar grains. The TiZrN nanocrystals are oriented
  with their close-packed {111} FCC planes parallel to the close-packed (00
 1) planes of the HCP structure of the alpha phase of zirlo. Steam exposure
  of the TiZrN layers and Zirlo was performed in an autoclave and the resul
 ts will be presented.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions
 /6675/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6675/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Atomistic simulation of the structure and elastic properties of pe
 ntlandite
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6676@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mofuti Mehlape (University Of Limpopo)\nAtomistic si
 mulation was carried out to study the effect of pressure on the structure 
 and elastic properties of pentlandite structures of the form M9S8 sulphide
 s (M = metal). The lattice parameters\, bond lengths and elastic constants
  as a function of pressure are calculated. Pentlandite is a major precious
  metals-bearing mineral and plays a very important role in mining. Preciou
 s metal ores co-exists with base metals either as solid-solution and inter
 growths\, hence rendering its detailed understanding important for efficie
 nt extraction of these precious metals. This work relates to problems in a
 pplied areas such as mineralogy\, geophysics and geochemistry\, whereby ph
 ase transition is modified by impurities\, so there is the additional conc
 ern of the effect of high pressures. We want to see how pressure changes t
 he lattice parameters\, elastic constants and bond lengths. We used comput
 ational techniques to investigate the effect of high pressure on the pentl
 andite structures. It was noted that as the pressure increases\, the volum
 e decreases. The elastic properties were found to be positive\, which sati
 sfies the conditions for a mechanically stable cubic structure.\n\nhttps:/
 /events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6676/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6676/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Energy–efficient Bessel beams
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6677@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nokwazi Purity Mphuthi (Hartebeesthoek Radio Astrono
 my Observatory: Space Geodesy)\nDue to their novel properties\, Bessel bea
 ms have found interesting applications in the fields of metrology\, imagin
 g\, non-linear optics\, micromanipulation\, atom guiding and beam shaping 
 for coronagraphs. Their main drawback is in energy losses encountered duri
 ng propagation\, which therefore can limit their usage for long distance a
 pplications. In this work\, we investigate the energy efficiencies of the 
 different holographic methods used to generate Bessel beams using a Spatia
 l Light Modulator (SLM). These methods will range from using a single holo
 graphic mask to using multiple phase masks in order to spread the power ov
 er the whole SLM. We will also outline the possible application of Bessel 
 beams in sending pulsed lasers to retroreflectors to the Moon with the aim
  of accurately determining the Earth-Moon distance\; a technique referred 
 to as Lunar Laser Ranging\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contribut
 ions/6677/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6677/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:On the synthesis and characterization of Tungsten Oxide (WO3) dope
 d with Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) nanostructures for gas sensing applications
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6678@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Thokozani Mpanza (University of Zululand)\nThere is 
 a considerable desire to control and monitor gas emissions from industries
  like in mining and energy industries where fossil fuels are used to gener
 ate electric power. Most gases emitted from these industries are not envir
 onmental friendly since they result in air pollutions\, acid rains and glo
 bal warming. Gas sensors have been reported as promising devices to resolv
 e these issues. In this study a DC magnetron sputtering is used to synthes
 is tungsten oxide (WO3) doped with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) nanostructures 
 on silicon substrates for gas sensing applications. CNTs are grown on top 
 of WO3 nanoparticles for improving gas sensing properties of WO3. Crystall
 inity and porosity of the sensor material is expected to enhance the sensi
 tivity and selectivity of the fabricated gas sensor. The structural\, morp
 hological and composition were investigated using XRD\, SEM equipped with 
 EDS. SEM results shows small size (in nanoscale) of WO3 particles evenly d
 istributed on silicon substrate with some small spaces in between which is
  promising for gas adsorption. EDS results confirmed the WO3 composition. 
 Due to the spacings between these nanoparticles of WO3\, it is therefore e
 xpected that the gas sensing properties of this material will improve. Thi
 s is due to the fact that gas will be easily be adsorbed between the nanop
 articles.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6678/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6678/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Structural\, Morphological and Confocal Raman Spectroscopy charact
 erization of titanium dioxide nanotubes on functional substrates
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6679@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Simcelile Zinya (FHIT)\nTitanium dioxide nanotubes (
 TNTs) arrays were grown on the titanium film layers sputter coated on a co
 nductive glass substrate for the development of photoelectrodes for dye-se
 nsitized solar cell application. Highly cohesive titanium films were depos
 ited on functional substrates (FS) using RF sputtering technique at a sput
 tering power of 150W\, operating pressure of 39 mbar and at a deposition t
 emperature of 200ºC for 4 hours to obtain a thickness of 10 µm under an 
 inert argon atmosphere. Subsequently\, the RF sputtered titanium films wer
 e anodized with ammonium fluoride/glycerol electrolyte solution at room te
 mperature at 60 V for 72 hours. The resulting TNTs on functional substrate
 s (TNTs-FS) were subjected to thermal treatment at 350ºC\, 450ºC\, 550º
 C and 650ºC for 3 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. The as prepared and 
 thermally treated TNTs-FS were characterized by SEM\, XRD\, EDX and Confoc
 al Raman Spectroscopy (CRS). CRS Large Area Scan (LAS) and Depth profiling
  (DP) were employed to study and evaluate the crystallinity phase distribu
 tion of TNTs-FS thermally treated at different temperatures. CRS LAS in th
 e XY direction of TNTs-FS has revealed the presence of differently crystal
 lized Anatase phases of TiO2 with Raman vibrational modes of 159.38 cm-1 (
 Eg)\, 208. 37 cm-1 (Eg)\, 399.67 cm-1 (B1g)\, 514.25 cm-1 (A1g) and 641.58
  cm-1 (Eg) for the samples annealed at 350ºC. The effect of annealing tem
 perature on TiO2 phase evolution was meticulously evaluated using CRS for 
 TNTs-FS for the samples annealed at 450ºC\, 550ºC\, and 650ºC and will 
 be presented in the final paper.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/co
 ntributions/6679/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6679/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:High dimensional quantum key distribution with vector modes
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6680@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Isaac Nape (Structured Light Lab\, School of Physics
 \, University of Witwatersrand)\nSecure key generation and distribution sc
 hemes are essential for establishing secure communication networks against
  any potential eavesdropping. Quantum key distribution (QKD) offers the ad
 vantage of having a provably security scheme that is guaranteed by quantum
  mechanics. Previous implementations relied on polarisation qubit (d=2 dim
 ensional) photonic state manipulation which impose limits on the informati
 on capacity to one bit per photon where in general the capacity is log2(d)
  for a d-dimensional encoding alphabet. Increasing the dimensionality of t
 he encoding alphabet by exploring alternative degrees of freedom has becom
 e topical. Recent demonstrations have shown the advantage of using the tra
 nsverse spatial modes of photons owing to their description on an infinite
  dimensional state space. Here we exploit a class of spatial modes\, calle
 d vector modes\, with non-separable orbital angular momentum and polarisat
 ion coupled states in the BB84 prepare and measure QKD protocol. We genera
 te these modes by manipulating the dynamic and geometric phase control of 
 light. Furthermore\, we present a lossless scheme that deterministically s
 orts the spatial modes and shows an increase in the information capacity i
 n comparison to the current state-of-the-art probabilistic sifting methods
  that are mainly employed in high dimensional QKD schemes.\n\nhttps://even
 ts.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6680/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6680/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Black aurora studies in the ionosphere.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6681@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Amore Nel (SANSA)\nBlack auroras are small regions o
 f reduced optical emissions\, embedded in the much brighter diffuse backgr
 ound aurora. They are usually seen drifting eastward during the substorm r
 ecovery phase\, post-magnetic midnight. Although several theories have bee
 n proposed to explain the decrease in precipitating electron flux in these
  localised regions\, the underlying mechanism is as yet unknown. This phen
 omenon has been studied before using optical observations. Uniquely\, we s
 tudy the black aurora using the EISCAT incoherent scatter radar in Tromso\
 , Norway\, in conjunction with dual-wavelength optical observations at 427
 .8 and 844.6 nm. From these data\, the characteristic electron energy insi
 de and outside the black aurora can be estimated. First results are presen
 ted here.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6681/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6681/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Readout units and the calibration of load cells.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T130000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6687@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sipho Dlamini (National Metrology Institute of South
  Africa)\nThis paper discusses the role of measuring amplifiers commonly k
 nown as readout units in force calibration measurements of load cells. The
  measurement process consists of obtaining the value of a physical quantit
 y (e.g. force) and representing it as a number or in a converted form. Rea
 dout units play a critical function of obtaining the signal from the load 
 cell\, amplifying\, converting\, and displaying the output for capture by 
 the user. The readout unit therefore has a significant impact on the force
  calibration measurement results. In this paper\, characteristics such as 
 the resolution and connection cable requirements of readout units in relat
 ion to force measurements are discussed. The effects on the readout unit's
  zero drift due to environmental conditions such as temperature and contin
 uous use over time are also emphasised. The impact of the use of four and 
 six wire configurations as well as cable length between the readout and th
 e load cell is highlighted.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contrib
 utions/6687/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6687/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Delayed measure quantum eraser with orbital angular momentum
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T095000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T101000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6682@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Isaac Nape (Structured Light Lab\, School of Physics
 \, University of Witwatersrand)\nWave-particle duality is one of the most 
 intriguing features of quantum mechanics that has been traditionally inves
 tigated through modern variations of Young’s double slit experiment. Whe
 n the paths of the double slit are marked with orthogonal polarisations of
  light\, the path information is revealed and no interference pattern is o
 bserved. However\, the interference can be erased with a complimentary ana
 lysis of the polarisation.  Here we generalise the concept of path\, showi
 ng that it need not be physical but can be abstract and employ another deg
 ree of freedom (DoF). Alternatively\, we replace the paths with the orbita
 l angular momentum (OAM) DoF and use polarisation as the marker. Then\, th
 e interference fringes due to OAM interference are observed in the azimuth
 al direction with a frequency proportional to the amount of OAM carried by
  the photon. We show this by generating hybrid entanglement between polari
 sation and OAM. First\, we generate OAM entanglement using spontaneous par
 ametric down conversion where a high frequency photon is absorbed by a non
 -linear crystal and produces two correlated lower frequency photons. Then 
 we employ geometric phase control to convert the OAM of a twin photon to p
 olarisation. Finally\, we show that just as in Young’s double slit\, it 
 is possible to distinguish and erase the OAM of a twin photon through pola
 risation control of its twin. In addition we also perform the experiment i
 n a delayed measure scheme where the polarisation measurement is performed
  after the interference is analysed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/9
 1/contributions/6682/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6682/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Searching for the  low-energy  enhancement  in  91-Zr
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6683@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bonginkosi Zikhali (University of Zululand)\nThe nuc
 lear level density (NLD) and γ-ray strength function (γSF) are quantitie
 s that give\n\nessential information about the behaviour of a nucleus at h
 igh excitation energy. NLD is defined\n\nas the number of levels per unit 
 of excitation energy. γSF is defined as a measure of the average\n\nreduc
 ed γ decay probability of a nucleus. These concepts are useful at high ex
 citation energies\n\nwhere the spacing between the levels is small and giv
 es information on degrees of freedom\n\nand underlying nuclear dynamics. T
 he evidence of the low-energy enhancement in the γSF for\n\nenergies less
  than 4 MeV has been discovered in several nuclei. Recently\, a strong enh
 ancement\n\nof M1 transitions in 90Zr has been predicted for γ-ray energi
 es below 2 MeV in shell model\n\ncalculations. In this work we explored th
 e existence of the low-energy enhancement in the\n\nneighbouring 91Zr isot
 ope with the assumption that neigbouring isotopes have similar γSF and\n\
 nhence provided first experimental NLD and γSF for this nucleus. The expe
 riment 90Zr(d\,p)91Zr\n\nwas conducted at the Oslo Cyclotron Laboratory (O
 CL). The SiRi (silicon telescope) array was\n\nused to detect charged ejec
 tiles from the reaction. The CACTUS (NaI(Tl) detectors) array\n\nwas utili
 zed to detect γ rays that were in coincidence with charged particles. The
  nuclear\n\nlevel density and γSF were extracted with the Oslo method. Th
 e existence of the LEE was\n\nobserved\, which agrees with the shell model
  calculations in 90Zr. The NLD and γSF quantities\n\nwere used to calcula
 te (n\,γ) cross sections with the Talys reaction codes. These were compar
 ed\n\nwith experimental data from direct measurement to test the reliabili
 ty of of the approach used in this work.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/eve
 nt/91/contributions/6683/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6683/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Investigating the candidate 5-alpha cluster state at 22.5 MeV with
  the (p\,t) and (p\,3He)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6684@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Lerato Baloyi (University of the Witwatersrand)\nThe
  study of alpha-cluster (two proton two neutron) in light nuclei have been
  well documented with experimental evidences. Meanwhile\, in the recent ex
 periments performed at iThemba LABS using (p\,t) reaction on 22Ne with the
  K600 magnetic spectrometer\, a 22.5 MeV state was found\, which accounts 
 for 5-alpha cluster situated at 3.3 MeV above the 5-alpha break-up thresho
 ld. However\, this state could not be accounted for by theoretical shell-m
 odel calculations and angular distribution data taken at forward angles in
 cluding zero degrees. In the present project\, (p\,3He) reaction on 22Ne w
 ill be carried out at multiple angles\, to investigate this state in order
  to ascertain its spin\, parity and isospin. In this case\, a proton beam 
 with an energy of Elab= 80 MeV from the Separated Sector Cyclotron (SSC) f
 acility impinged on a 22Ne gas target at lab angles of Θlab= (00\, 70\, 1
 70\, 270) will be considered. Preliminary results of these experiments wil
 l be discussed.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6684/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6684/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The Development of a Meteorological Index to characterise the vari
 ation of spectral change on the operational performance of various Photovo
 ltaic Technologies
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T122000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6685@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ross Schultz (NMMU)\nWith the rapid deployment of va
 rious Photovoltaic (PV) technologies around South Africa\, the question ha
 s arisen to which technology is best to deploy within certain regions. Thi
 s paper\, discusses the development of a LabVIEW program that employs a me
 teorological indexing methodology to determine the effect of spectral chan
 ges caused by meteorological events on PV module performance. The analysis
 \, using this methodology\, was conducted for a subtropical region where t
 he Outdoor Research Facility (ORF) at NMMU is located. The custom-develope
 d LabVIEW program utilises simulated (from Meteonorm) and measured meteoro
 logical data to obtain the standard daily irradiance profiles. These profi
 les are then compared in real time to the measured irradiance obtained fro
 m a Silicon CCD spectrometer. With both recorded irradiance and spectral d
 ata\, 50 W.m-2 resolution bins were created to determine the overall clear
  sky index\, and how it is distributed for a day\, week\, month\, etc. In 
 addition\, the measured spectra combined with the spectral response of pop
 ular deployed PV technologies can indicate the sensitivity of the technolo
 gy within these “power” bins. In doing so\, the expansion of the metro
 logical index that can be used to determine and forecast the likely perfor
 mance for each PV technology at different irradiance levels within specifi
 c regions of South Africa.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contribu
 tions/6685/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6685/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Characterization of the spectral irradiance measurement setup
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6686@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Macdufe Mkabela (National Metrology Institution of S
 outh Africa)\nThis presentation addresses sources of uncertainties in an u
 ltraviolet (UV) spectroradiometry setup for measuring spectral irradiance.
  In UV spectroradiometry\, spectral irradiance measurements have high unce
 rtainties mainly due to a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the UV region
 \; however other factors may also contribute to high uncertainties. Theref
 ore determining the sources of uncertainties is important to improve the a
 ccuracy of the measured results. We perform characterization of the UV spe
 ctroradiometric setup to quantify certain sources of uncertainty in measur
 ement associated with this setup.  These include positioning and alignment
  of sources\, scattered light\, and the system temperature dependence.\n\n
 https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6686/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6686/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Observations of meridional and vertical propagation of ionospheric
  disturbances
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T122000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6688@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: John Bosco Habarulema (South African National Space 
 Agency and Rhodes University)\nLarge scale travelling ionospheric disturba
 nces (TIDs) are mainly observed during geomagnetic storms and usually prop
 agate in equatorward direction. They are launched from high latitude regio
 ns due to energy injection that enhances Joule heating and Lorentz couplin
 g processes. In this paper\, we will show that equatorward TIDs also propa
 gate vertically upwards and influence plasma distribution in the topside i
 onosphere.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6688/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6688/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Fusion Splicing of Double-Clad Large Mode Area Fibres for Fabricat
 ion of High Power Fibre Laser
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6689@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mosima Kgomo (CSIR National Laser Centre)\nFibre bas
 ed lasers have become a dominant laser architecture due to high output pow
 ers and efficiencies\, compact form factors\, and excellent beam quality. 
 Double-clad large mode area fibres are required to achieve high output pow
 er (up to kW level). \n\nThe performance and integrity of an all-fibre las
 er is critically dependant on the quality of splices between different com
 ponents constituting a fibre laser. Fusion splicing is the technique used 
 to interconnect fibres and fibre components. Power loss at the splice join
 ts (splice loss) has a deleterious effect on the performance and long-term
  reliability of high power fibre lasers. Splice losses\, caused by poor fu
 sion splices\, lead to a decrease in the optical-to-optical efficiency as 
 well as degradation in the beam quality of fibre lasers. \n\nObtaining low
  loss fusion splices remains a challenge in the development of fibre laser
 s. To address this problem\, splice loss optimization experiments were con
 ducted to find optimal parameters that can be used to produce low splice l
 osses. Due to the large number of splice parameters\, the experimental met
 hodology made use of fractional factorial design which enables the reducti
 on of the required number of experiments by performing them at a certain s
 pecific combination of parameters. A system was setup to conduct splice lo
 ss measurements. The splice loss results analysed by using a statistical t
 ool called analysis of variance (ANOVA) will be presented.\n\nhttps://even
 ts.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6689/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6689/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Matrix logarithmic quantum wave equation
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6690@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Konstantin Zloshchastiev (Durban University of Techn
 ology)\nLogarithmic quantum wave equation (LogSE) is the nonlinear equatio
 n\, which possesses unique features that lead to its fruitful applications
  in different branches of physics - from nuclear physics and condensed-mat
 ter theory to particle physics\, theory of quantum gravity and models of p
 hysical vacuum. Here we proceed with a natural generalization\, matrix Log
 SE\, which can be used in a theory of multi-channel quantum processes. We 
 demonstrate exact solutions derived so far and discuss their physical mean
 ing.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6690/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A303A
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6690/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Optical sectioning with induced quantum optical coherence
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T103000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170706T105000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6691@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Adam Valles (School of Physics\, University of the W
 itwatersrand\, Private Bag 3\, Wits 2050\, South Africa)\nBy making use of
  frequency-entangled photons we present a new type of optical coherence to
 mography (OCT) scheme\, where the reflectivity of the sample translates in
  a change of coherence. We call this new approach induced optical coherenc
 e tomography (iOCT). This new scheme allows probing the sample with one wa
 velength and measuring light with another wavelength. As a result\, we can
  gain penetration depth into the sample by using longer wavelengths\, whil
 e still using the optimum wavelength for detection. Regarding the future w
 ork\, we show the possibility to integrate this new iOCT scheme in a micro
 -chip by making use of semiconductor entanglement sources.\n\nhttps://even
 ts.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6691/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6691/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF BIOSYNTHESIZED ZINC OXIDE NAN
 OPARTICLES
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6692@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nolufundo Sintwa (Unisa)\nZnO nanoparticles were suc
 cessfully synthesized using the eco-friendly green method\, where Zinc nit
 rate was reacted with the extract of Callistemon Viminalis’ (Bottle Brus
 h). The structural and optical properties were determined using X-Ray diff
 raction and Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The XRD showed that zinci
 te was synthesized having a hexagonal structure and a room temperature PL 
 was used to determine the luminescence\, strong emission peaks were observ
 ed at 377\,6nm\, 491\,8nm and 533\,6nm. These emissions show that ZnO is a
  suitable material to be used for luminescence.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org
 .za/event/91/contributions/6692/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6692/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Investigation of GeSn thin films using Real-Time and RBS channelin
 g techniques at iThemba LABS
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6693@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Christopher Mtshali (iThemba LABS)\nAlloys of Group 
 IV element\, C\, Si\, Ge and Sn\, have received significant interest in el
 ectronic industries due to unique and intriguing (Opto) electronic propert
 ies for these alloys as theory predicts.  Significant alteration of the ba
 nd structure causing indirect-to-direct transition of the band gap and inc
 reased mobility in the strained Ge thin film has been theoretically predic
 ted for Ge alloyed with Sn triggering 13% lattice mismatch.  Unfortunately
  the diamond structure of α-Sn is unstable above 13oC making it difficult
  to incorporate Sn in the Ge\, and the Ge-Sn phase diagram predicts very l
 ittle immiscibility\, in fact limiting thermodynamically stable Sn incorpo
 ration to about 1%\, which is too low to cause the desired properties.  De
 spite these constraints careful preparation by MBE and CVD has enabled all
 oy levels of around 10% to be achieved.  \nUp until now much of the attent
 ion has gone into understanding the growth mechanism and properties of the
  as-grown strained GeSn films.  Integration of these strained films into a
 dvanced electronic devices will also expose them to thermal treatments and
  to metallization\, which may alter the stability of these metastable film
 s.  We have investigated the stability of Sn in GeSn thin films grown on G
 e by using real-time RBS during a ramped thermal anneal to monitor their t
 hermal stability during a thermal treatment.  Real-time RBS has also been 
 used to monitor the effect of metallization on the stability of Sn in the 
 GeSn layer during their reaction with Ni and Co.  RBS / channelling have a
 lso been used to establish if any relaxation occurs in the strained metast
 able films. According to the results the Sn in the GeSn film is stable up 
 to at least 600oC. Reacting GeSn with Co reduces stability of Sn in the Co
 GeSn ternary formed and around 360oC the Sn atoms diffuse to the surface. 
 Channelling measurements indicate that the GeSn strained layer relaxes dur
 ing the thermal anneal.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributio
 ns/6693/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6693/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Taking Twisted Classical light for a Quantum Walk
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6694@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bereneice Sephton (CSIR National Laser Centre\; Wits
  Physics Department)\nComputational power available with classical compute
 rs has become increasingly limited for the scope required by many applicat
 ions such as simulation and modelling in developmental research as well as
  factorization of large numbers. The solution for many of these problems l
 ies in the development of quantum computers for which the physical impleme
 ntation of quantum walks (QW) has been shown to provide a successful compu
 tational basis. Preforming such quantum walks is subsequently a promising 
 route with derived algorithms already providing a comparative speedup to m
 any of the classical alternatives. Substantial drive towards establishing 
 a means of achieving QWs over the 20+ years since its introduction has occ
 urred with entities such as ions\, electrons and photons being utilized. A
 pplication of these walks on the quantum scale has not exceeded a few step
 s\, however.\n\nHere we consider exploitation of the ‘classical entangle
 ment’ inherent in vector beams to perform such a physical implementation
  of quantum walks in orbital angular momentum space through polarization c
 ontrol. This method offers great advantages due to the robust nature of cl
 assical light manipulation as opposed to the vulnerability of quantum syst
 ems to environmental influence which limit the achievable length of the wa
 lk.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6694/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A306
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6694/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Analysis of magnetotelluric data from the South African magnetotel
 luric network
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T093000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T095000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6695@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Electdom Matandirotya (University of zimbabwe)\nSurf
 ace impedance data is required for estimating induced electric fields from
  measured geomagnetic data. Lack of surface impedance data was once cited 
 as a limiting factor in modelling Geomagnetically Induced Currents in the 
 Southern African region. For a very long period\, the Southern African reg
 ion has relied on the magnetic field recorded from its four magnetic obser
 vatories\, which are Tsumeb (TSU)\, Keetmanshoop (KMH) (in Namibia)\, Hare
 tbeeshoek (HBK) and Hermanus (HER) (in South Africa).  Since the year 2012
  several magnetotelluric (MT) stations were deployed in South Africa and N
 amibia to add on to the magnetic field data acquisition network. The main 
 aim was to have simultaneous co-located measurements of the magnetic and e
 lectric field so that the surface impedance can be derived. The current st
 udy presents the components of the surface impedance derived from the data
  from different MT stations using the full tensor method. A comparison of 
 the electric field calculated using the derived surface impedance and the 
 electric field measured at the site using the MT station for selected sola
 r active days was done. From the derived surface impedance\, the differenc
 e in the surface impedance of coastal and non-coastal region is observed. 
 The high confidence obtained when the measured and calculated electric fie
 ld are compared shows that the full tensor method is a tool that can be us
 ed to produce reliable surface impedance maps that can be used in enhancin
 g the GIC modelling in South Africa and the region at large.\n\nhttps://ev
 ents.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6695/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A305
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6695/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Olympiads in the Digital Data Age
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T080000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T082000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6696@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Case Rijsdijk (SAIP/ASSA)\nThe focus of any Olympiad
  or Competition must be to identify local talent in various fields\, and o
 nce done\, it is necessary to develop a system of monitoring and supportin
 g this talent. In this talk I will take a brief look at how SAPhO has mana
 ged this in the past and what needs to be done in the future. It is now po
 ssible to use on-line Olympiads and so increase the footprint of these Oly
 mpiads\, and research is currently underway to evaluate these. It will als
 o be possible to create and manage large databases to improve the analysis
  of results and method of monitoring successful students using these datab
 ases. I will also look at challenges in reaching targeted rural areas and 
 the security of on-line STEMI Olympiads and Competitions.\n\nhttps://event
 s.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6696/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A407
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6696/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Hydrothermal Synthesis of NiO/graphene electrode and their applica
 tion in CO sensing
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6697@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Abubakar Khaleed (University of Pretoria)\nMonitorin
 g trace concentrations of harmful gaseous chemical species are increasingl
 y needed in different areas such as indoor\, outdoor\, vehicle air control
 \, mining\, and manufacturing sites. Hence\, the fabrication of highly sen
 sitive and selective chemical gas sensors are imperative. Chemi-resistive 
 gas sensors based on semiconducting transition metal oxide are potential c
 andidates due to their ease of operation\, low cost of manufacturing\, mic
 roscale miniaturization and good thermal and long-term stabilities [1–3]
 . In this work\, spherical NiO/graphene foam (GF) composite with flowerlik
 e structures was successfully synthesized for their application as CO redu
 cing gas sensor via a hydrothermal reflux process. X-ray diffraction (XRD)
 \, scanning electron microscope (SEM)\, Fourier transforms infrared spectr
 oscopy (FTIR) and gas sorption analysis was used to characterize the struc
 ture and morphology of the samples. The results obtained from the SEM micr
 ographs showed that the flowerlike NiO spheres successfully coated the ent
 ire surface area of the GF. The performance of the composite towards CO ga
 s sensing was studied. The results reveal that the incorporation of graphe
 ne into flowerlike NiO spheres not only improved the conductivity and surf
 ace area of NiO/GF composite but also enhanced the performance of the comp
 osite towards CO sensing. These results suggest that the composite could b
 e a potential active material for CO reducing sensors.\nReferences\n[1] Go
 gotsi\, Y.\, CRC Press\, (2006).\n[2] Huang\, X.-J.\; Choi\, Y.-K.\, Senso
 rs Actuators B Chem.\, 122 (2007)\, 659–671.\n[3] Lu\, J. G.\; Chang\, P
 .\; Fan\, Z.\, Mater. Sci. Eng. R Reports\, 52 (2006)\, 49–91\n\nhttps:/
 /events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6697/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6697/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Activated carbon/Nickel-Aluminium double layer hydroxide composite
 s for supercapacitor applications
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6698@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Belinda Moyo (University of Pretoria)\nIn this study
 \, a detailed analysis of the electrochemical performance of activated car
 bon/Nickel-Aluminium layered double hydroxide (AC/NiAl-LDH) composites wer
 e investigated as potential electrode materials for electrochemical capaci
 tors. The activated carbon (AC) was prepared via optimization of the carbo
 nization temperature and activating agent (potassium hydroxide) from a tre
 e-bark biomass raw material. Subsequently\, porous NiAl-LDH was also obtai
 ned using a solvothermal technique by varying the syntheses times. The opt
 imized activated carbon sample was then added to the NiAl-LDH sample in di
 fferent masses to produce an AC/NiAl-LDH composite material. The morpholog
 y revealed an interconnected framework of both the AC and LDH structures. 
 The specific surface area (SSA) of the AC/NiAl-LDH composite was seen to i
 mprove with an increase in the amount of AC added to the NiAl-LDH material
 . This increase in SSA enabled a better charge transfer propagation and ch
 arge storage within the composite when adopted as electrodes for supercapa
 citor. A specific capacity of 18.90 mAh/g was obtained for the AC/NiAl-LDH
  composite material. The results obtained demonstrate the potential of thi
 s composite material as electrodes for energy storage devices.\n\nhttps://
 events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6698/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6698/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Microwave-assisted synthesis of cobalt sulphide nanoparticles clus
 ters on activated graphene foam for electrochemical supercapacitor
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6699@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tshifhiwa Moureen Masikhwa (University of Pretoria)\
 nCobalt sulphide (Co9S8) nanoparticles clusters embedded in activated grap
 hene foam (AGF) structure were prepared using microwave-assisted hydrother
 mal synthesis. Morphological characterization of as-prepared Co9S8/AGF sho
 wed that Co9S8 composed of cluster (sphere)-like nanoparticles embedded in
  the matrix of a porous sheet-like AGF. The synergy between the Co9S8 nano
 particles and AGF in the Co9S8/AGF composite showed predominantly an impro
 vement in the porous nature (surface area and pore volume) of the Co9S8 an
 d the electrical conductivity of the composite electrode. The composite ex
 hibited a specific capacitance of 1150 F g-1 as compared to Co9S8 with spe
 cific capacitance of 507 F g-1 at a scan rate of 5 mV s-1 and good cycling
  stability in 6 M KOH electrolyte. Co9S8/AGF composite showed significant 
 improvement on the specific capacitance compared to pure Co9S8 and specifi
 c capacitance values found in previously published reports by other studie
 s for cobalt sulphide-based composites.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/even
 t/91/contributions/6699/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6699/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Synthesis and characterization of LiMn2O4 nanostructures prepared 
 by modified chemical bath method
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6700@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Lehlohonolo Koao (UFS (Qwa Qwa))\nLiMn2O4 powders we
 re prepared by modified chemical bath method using citric acid (CA) a cata
 lyst. The ratio of Li and Mn on LiMn2O4 was varied\, respectively. The eff
 ect of molar ratio of Li and Mn on the thermal analysis\, structure\, morp
 hology and optical properties of LiMn2O4 nanostructures were investigated\
 , respectively. The thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) and differential scan
 ning calorimeter (DSC) showed that the final yield decreases with an incre
 ase in the annealing temperature. The best thermal stability of LiMn2O4 na
 nopowders were obtained at Li:Mn:CA ratio of 2:1:10. The X-ray diffraction
  (XRD) results showed that the structure of spinel LiMn2O4 powders were ob
 tained at molar ratio of 2:1:10 (Li:Mn:CA). Further increase in the molar 
 ratio of Li and Mn respectively\, there was formation of Mn2O3 structure. 
 At low molar ratio of Li and Mn\, respectively there was formation of spin
 el LiMn2O4 structure with the secondary phases. The estimated average grai
 n sizes calculated using the XRD spectra were found to be in the order of 
 83 ± 1 nm for the LiMn2O4 powders prepared at molar ratio of 2:1:10 (Li:M
 n:CA). The surface morphology study revealed the irregular nanoparticle. B
 y varying the molar ratio of Li and Mn respectively\, there was effect on 
 morphology. The UV-Vis spectra showed that at low molar ratio of Li and Mn
  there are two broad peak at around 600 an 800 nm. Those peaks may be due 
 to secondary phases because they disappear at single phase of spinel LiMn2
 O4 and Mn2O3 structures. Lithium ion batteries are widely used in portable
  equipment\, such as mobile phone\, notebook computer\, electron instrumen
 t\, and so on.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6700/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6700/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The role of Zn2+ ion on the optical properties of novel Ba1-xZnxZr
 O3: Mn perovskite
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6701@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: F.B. Dejene (University of the Free State South Afri
 ca)\nThis work presents the effect of Zn2+ ion concentration on the optica
 l properties of a newly formulated perovskite with or without a dopant. Th
 e Ba1-xZnxZrO3 perovskite was synthesized using the solution combustion te
 chnique. The scanning electron micrographs show particles with irregular s
 hapes which agglomerated into a dense structure.  The sizes of the particl
 es were in the range 30 to 75 nm. X-ray diffraction measurement gave pure 
 cubic perovskite structure at all concentrations of the Zn ion. Photolumin
 escence excitation spectra show a slight red-shift of the excitation band 
 due to the presence of Zn2+ ions. The doped perovskite show strong emissio
 n of Mn2+ ion at 585 nm and the intensity of this band increases with incr
 easing concentration of Zn2+ ion. The possible reason for this enhancement
  of emission intensity of Mn2+ ion is the substitution of the ion at Zn2+ 
 ion’s site due to the similarity of their ionic radii.  The Internationa
 l Commission on Illumination (CIE) coordinates confirm the orange-light em
 ission of the doped perovskite. The Ba1-xZnxZrO3 host can be effectively a
 pplied in solar cells\, photocatalysis and as a host matrix for efficient 
 phosphors. The Ba1-xZnxZrO3: Mn perovskite is therefore is a good orange-c
 oloured light emitter which can be effectively excited by a near UV source
  such as LED.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6701/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6701/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Effect of Deposition Temperature on the Structural\, Morphological
  and Electrochemical Properties of LiFePO4 Thin films Nanomaterials Prepar
 ed by Chemical Bath Deposition.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6702@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: DONALD DEHIIN HILE (UNIVERSITY OF THE FREE STATE\, Q
 WAQWA CAMPUS)\, LEHLOHONOLO FORTUNE KOAO (UNIVERSITY OF THE FREE STATE\, Q
 WAQWA CAMPUS)\nThe advantages of LiFePO4 nanomaterials for use as positive
  electrode in lithium ion batteries are their excellent cycle life\, struc
 tural stability\, cost effectiveness and environmental friendliness. Their
  main limitation however is the low electrical conductivity which can be o
 vercome by synthesizing particles at the nanoscale with homogenous size di
 stribution. This work employs a simple and cost effective method to produc
 e homogenous nanoparticles of lithium iron Phosphate (LiFePO4). The nanopa
 rticles were deposited on Fluorine doped Tin Oxide (FTO) glass substrates 
 at temperatures of 25\, 60\, 70\, 80\, 90\, and 100 oC using chemical bath
  deposition (CBD) method. The surface structure\, morphology and electroch
 emical analyses were carried out on the deposited films\, studied and repo
 rted. The morphology of the deposited films was studied using scanning ele
 ctron microscopy (SEM) and the films exhibited homogeneous average crystal
  sizes. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) studies revealed highly polycrystalized
  structures\, which increased with deposition temperature. The crystal gra
 in sizes were calculated from the XRD results using Crystallite Size and D
 .K. Shukla Crystal Size Calculation software. The average crystal sizes of
  the deposited films were found increasing from 121-153nm with increased d
 eposition temperature. The charge-discharge test was carried out using cyc
 lic voltammetry and it showed an increased specific charge capacity up to 
 153mAhg-1 with increased temperature of deposition. The work concluded tha
 t deposition temperature has great influence on the morphology and electro
 chemical properties of the thin films.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event
 /91/contributions/6702/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6702/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Computing the diffuse and direct components of global solar irradi
 ance on a horizontal surface in South Africa
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T091000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T093000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6703@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: LUTENDO CHRISTOPHER NETHWADZI (SAAPMB)\nMost solar r
 adiation measuring devices only determine the total irradiance on a horizo
 ntal surface\, but for various applications diffuse and direct components 
 are also needed. Because of this\, several models have been developed to e
 stablish the correlations between the diffuse fraction and various predict
 ors. This paper analyses the measured global irradiance at a Gauteng locat
 ion as a function of the relative solar position. An equation is presented
  to estimate both components from the measured daily global solar irradian
 ce only. In this equation\, the diffuse component is related to the produc
 t of the cosine of the zenith angle and the Linke turbidity factor. The an
 alysis attempts to reproduce the measured irradiance through basic modelli
 ng of the spectral opacity of the atmosphere in terms of the Linke Turbidi
 ty. This includes estimating direct beam attenuation and the diffuse compo
 nent\, which are then combined with the panel spectral response in an atte
 mpt to match the measured and modelled energy yield. The performance of th
 e model have been graphically and statistically analyzed by two establishe
 d methods\, namely\; Mean Bias Error (MBE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMS
 E).\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6703/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A403B
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6703/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A study of traveling ionospheric disturbances using GPS observatio
 ns.
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6704@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Christopher Winkelmann (University of Michigan\, USA
 )\nTraveling ionospheric disturbances are manifestations of atmospheric gr
 avity waves and can be investigated using a number of data sources e.g.\, 
 ionosonde and GPS receiver networks. Previous studies classified these dis
 turbances as medium scale and large scale traveling ionospheric disturbanc
 es (TIDs) based on their characteristics which include velocities\, amplit
 udes and directions. The propagation characteristics may also vary dependi
 ng on the level of Earth-Space interactions and the strength of the magnet
 osphere-ionosphere coupling especially during disturbed conditions. Recent
  studies indicate that storm-induced TIDs mainly travel equatorward with t
 he source origin being the auroral/high latitude zones. However other inve
 stigations reported that large scale TIDs of auroral origin from both hemi
 spheres could travel further\, cross the magnetic equator and hence travel
  poleward. Very recent investigation confirmed an earlier proposed suggest
 ion that the equatorial electrojet could also be a source of large scale T
 IDs. This project involves statistical analyses of traveling ionospheric d
 isturbances during very quiet conditions in low latitude regions. This ana
 lysis will be aimed at establishing and quantifying the existence of ionos
 pheric structures and their preferred direction of propagation using a his
 torical data set.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/670
 4/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6704/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Wide angle mirror system design for distortionless imaging of the 
 sky
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6705@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hanna Vanwingen (University of Michigan\, USA)\nImag
 ing using all-sky lenses of 180° field of view has a long tradition in at
 mospheric airglow and auroral science. For a vertically mounted camera\, t
 he traditional fish-eye lens systems are linear in local zenith and azimut
 h angle. Hence\, they introduce significant radial distortion\, especially
  toward the horizon of the image. Fish-eye optics can be easily implemente
 d using a single convex mirror or a pair of convex mirrors. A novel convex
  mirror shape that removes the fish-eye distortion from the image and keep
 s fixed resolution over the entire sky at a chosen altitude (e.g.\, 100 km
 ) was developed in the early 90s. However\, the local sky zenith in the im
 age is blocked by the camera itself as it is situated looking down onto th
 e mirror. We have solved this problem by using two convex mirrors with spe
 cial profiles. However\, this convex mirror system suffers from significan
 t focusing issues. We use Snell’s law of reflection\, simple mathematics
  and straight-line ray tracing to design a corrected wide angle mirror sys
 tem using two concave mirrors. The design provides a real time achromatic 
 transform while implementing a uniform spatial sky resolution and optimizi
 ng focus throughout the field of view.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event
 /91/contributions/6705/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6705/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Geomagnetic Storms Predictions
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6706@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Wayne Lester (SANSA)\nThere have been many studies o
 n the relationship between cosmic ray parameters and geomagnetic effects. 
 This was an attempt to see if cosmic ray neutron monitor data can be used 
 as a proxy for determining the space weather events and especially if ther
 e is any predictive information in neutron monitor data regarding geomagne
 tic storms. The premise is that cosmic ray neutron monitor data are modula
 ted by shocks associated with Coronal Mass Ejections (CME) and the cosmic 
 rays arrive at Earth before the CME. The goal of the project is to use neu
 tron monitor data (from four neutron monitors in Southern Africa: Hermanus
  (oldest in the world)\, Potchefstroom\, Sanae (Antarctica)\, and Tsumeb (
 Namibia)) in combination with the other standard geomagnetic activity para
 meters (Magnetic field readings\, Solar wind data\, and the Dst and Kp ind
 ices) to see if there exists a statistical relationship and whether this c
 an be used as a proxy to predict the pre-geomagnetic storm conditions over
  southern Africa. If this is possible\, this information would be used by 
 the SANSA space weather prediction service to help mitigate against the ha
 rmful effects of geomagnetic storms on communications\, navigation and pow
 er grid.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6706/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6706/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:PV Plant engineering and optimisation (commercial and industrial s
 ectors)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T120000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T124000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6707@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Axel Scholle (Sustainable Power Solutions)\nhttps://
 events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6707/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A204
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6707/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:PV Plant characterisation
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T124000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T132000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6708@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Donald McGillivray ()\, Frederik Vorster (NMMU)\, Ri
 aan Meyer (GeoSUN)\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6708
 /
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A204
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6708/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Defects\, degradation and characterization
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T094000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T102000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6709@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6709/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A204
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6709/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:PV Plant engineering and optimisation (utility scale)
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T112000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T120000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6710@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Arnold Rix (Stellenbosch University)\nhttps://events
 .saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6710/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A204
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6710/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Extensions of THERMUS and its Applications in High Energy Particle
  collisions
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170705T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6711@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: DAWIT WORKU (Cape Peninsula University of Technology
 )\nWe have analyzed and discussed the hadronic abundances measured in  Au-
 Au\, p-p and Pb-Pb collisions at RHIC and LHC experiments using THERMUS. T
 he results were obtained with two particle data tables\, and their differe
 nces were explained. In particular\, the data from the RHIC experiment  fo
 r Au-Au collisions at 130 GeV and 200 GeV were discussed and analyzed.  Si
 milarly\, using the preliminary particle yield results of p-p collisions a
 t 0.9 TeV and 7 TeV as well as Pb-Pb collision at 2.76 TeV particle  yield
  calculations were presented and the thermodynamic parameters were  obtain
 ed from the fits.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/671
 1/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6711/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Panel discussion
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T132000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170703T140000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6713@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6713/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 A204
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6713/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Women under pressure
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T160000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6714@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sylvie Le Floch (Univ Lyon\, Université Claude Bern
 ard Lyon 1\, CNRS\, Institut Lumière Matière\, F-69622\, VILLEURBANNE\, 
 France)\nHigh pressure is powerful means to study and modulate properties 
 of materials and to design new materials with interesting applications in 
 many fields. What are the challenges related to the study of materials und
 er extreme conditions? And what are the challenges for women who break the
  stereotypes using diamonds just to squeeze their samples? Two women resea
 rchers will present their careers and illustrate them with their scientifi
 c and technological successes. The place of female scientists working in (
 and under!) pressure will be sketched through the newborn international ne
 twork "Women under High Pressure".\n\nhttps://events.saip.org.za/event/91/
 contributions/6714/
LOCATION:Engineering building 51 A107
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6714/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Validation of the interpolation of geomagnetic field measurements 
 over Southern Africa by means of Spherical Equivalent Current Systems
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6715@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Corrinne Florie (University of Michigan\, USA)\nGeom
 agnetically Induced Currents (GICs) are considered to be one of the major 
 space weather related threats to terrestrial technological systems. The ch
 ange of magnetic flux and induced geoelectric field along  power lines is 
 the key driver of GICs in power distribution systems. The electric field i
 s derived from the local geomagnetic field and the local surface impedance
  under the power lines. One of the key steps in deriving the electric fiel
 d\, and in turn\, induced currents\, is the interpolation of the geomagnet
 ic field from the locations of the nearest geomagnetic observatories to th
 e location of the power lines.\nA commonly used approach to finding the ge
 omagnetic field at the location of the power lines\, is to apply the metho
 d of Spherical Equivalent Current Systems (SECS). The SECS method estimate
 s the characteristics of a hypothetical array of current elements in the i
 onosphere\, based on measurements of the geomagnetic field at several loca
 tions on the ground\, typically at magnetic observatories. The Biot-Savart
  Law is then applied to the x- and y- components of the currents to find t
 he By and Bx components\, respectively\, of the magnetic field on the grou
 nd at any points of interest.\nThere are four geomagnetic observatories in
  Southern Africa\, which are located at Hermanus (19.43°E\,33.22°S)\, Ha
 rtebeesthoek (25.88°E\,27.70°S)\, Tsumeb (19.20°E\,17.58°S)\, and Keet
 manshoop (26.32°E\,18.06°S). The interpolation of the measurements from 
 these observatories\, as done by means of the SECS method\, is validated b
 y comparing the interpolated field with measured fields at the locations o
 f a number of Magnetotelluric stations\, and by comparing a modelled geoma
 gnetic field over the region\, as derived by means of the Space Weather Mo
 delling Forum (SWMF) from the University of Michigan\, with the interpolat
 ed field at a 2 x 2 degree grid over Southern Africa. \nThis approach prov
 ides an estimate of the accuracy of the SECS-interpolation vs. location ov
 er Southern Africa\, in order to provide an estimate of the accuracy of th
 e GICs that may be inferred from these observations.\n\nhttps://events.sai
 p.org.za/event/91/contributions/6715/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6715/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:SQUID Magnetometer Calibration and Data Analysis
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T151000Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20170704T170000Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260915T025004Z
UID:indico-contribution-91-6716@events.saip.org.za
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Dominique John (University of Michigan\, USA)\nThe S
 QUID (Superconducting Quantum Interference Device) is a very sensitive mag
 netometer that measures magnetic flux using flux quantization and Josephso
 n tunnelling. Compared to traditional fluxgate magnetometers\, SQUIDs coul
 d detect and measure flux to a femtotesla. SQUIDs are prospective instrume
 nts for the use of monitoring geomagnetic storms and predicting space weat
 her due to their sensitivity and accuracy for measuring the Earth’s magn
 etic field. Assessments have shown that this is the case for when SQUIDs a
 re unshielded. Here at SANSA\, in South Africa\, there are two magnetomete
 rs: a Magnetic Observatory fluxgate magnetometer and an unshielded SQUID m
 agnetometer. The magnetometers are co-located in an area that is magnetica
 lly quiet as to not interfere with data collected by the magnetometers. In
  this project\, the collected data from the SQUID magnetometer will be com
 pared to the data from the fluxgate magnetometer. The SQUID is a relative 
 instrument and not an absolute instrument\, so calibration is required in 
 terms of amplitude of the SQUID data as well as orientation of the SQUID a
 xes. Currently\, the main objective of the project is to calibrate the dat
 a from the SQUID so that it best matches the data from the fluxgate. Once 
 that is accomplished\, the next focus is to attenuate the environmental no
 ise by creating an off the grid SQUID magnetometer. An off the grid SQUID 
 magnetometer entails the use of a battery or a portable power source for t
 he observation of the Earth’s magnetic field.\n\nhttps://events.saip.org
 .za/event/91/contributions/6716/
LOCATION:Engineering Building 51 3rd and 4th floor passages
URL:https://events.saip.org.za/event/91/contributions/6716/
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR